石墨烯-碳量子点复合材料的电化学性能研究

采用Hummers法和水热法,制备石墨烯和碳量子点溶液作为前驱体,然后通过一步煅烧法制得石墨烯-碳量子点复合材料。借助SEM、UV-Vis、FTIR等手段,对样品的形貌和结构进行表征;利用循环伏安法(CV)、差分脉冲伏安法(DPV)及恒流充放电循环测试等,重点考察了样品的电化学性能。结果表明,在石墨烯表面负载碳量子点可增加材料的比表面积并改善其机械性能,由于活性位点的增加,所制石墨烯-碳量子点复合电极具有较好的可逆性及电化学活性;在检测不同浓度双氧水时,复合电极的灵敏度为纯石墨烯电极的1.4倍左右;石墨烯-碳量子点复合材料作为锂离子电池负极使用时,与纯石墨烯材料相比具有更好的循环稳定性,且容量保持率提高了1.67倍。     

Electrochemical behavior of gold and its associated minerals in alkaline thiourea solutions

Electrochemical measurements were conducted to study the electrochemical behavior of gold (Au) and its commonly associated minerals in alkaline thiourea solutions. The results indicated that without addition of any stabilizer, selective dissolution of Au from stibnite and pyrite was only possible at relatively low thiourea concentrations. As Na₂SiO₃ was added, pyrite started to become active and an oxidation peak appeared; the oxidation peaks of arsenopyrite and chalcocite appeared earlier than that of Au. The chalcocite peak shifted in the positive direction and the peak current increased. Stibnite did not show an oxidation peak and its current was nearly zero. Adding Na₂SiO₃ favored the selective dissolution of Au when its minerals were associated with chalcocite and stibnite. At pH 12, the Au anode dissolution peak current increased with stabilizer concentration. At 0.38 and 0.42 V and for Na₂SiO₃ concentration below 0.09 M, the current density continuously increased with Na₂SiO₃ concentration. The Na₂SiO₃ concentration had to be adequate to stabilize thiourea. When the potential was higher than 0.42 V, the surface of the Au electrode started to passivate. With an additional increase in potential, the presence of Na₂SiO₃ could not stop the inevitable decomposition of thiourea.     

盐岩储库腔底堆积物空隙体积试验与计算

受建库盐层本身地质特点影响,造腔结束后,底部一般会堆积大量不溶物。堆积物的存在既浪费了有效库容体积,又为整体建库施工带来了诸多不利因素。为科学评价该堆积物并进行有效处理或转变利用以增大库容体积,对其分布特征及堆积空隙体积进行了研究。通过室内溶腔实验获取了堆积不溶物样品,采用筛分法实验测定了其颗粒分布,并根据分形分布理论对其粒度分布特征进行了分析,进而基于可压缩堆积模型对堆积空隙体积进行了数值及模型研究。应用实例进行计算并与现场数据进行了对比评价验证,结果表明,在双对数坐标系下,腔底堆积物颗粒尺寸与累积数量呈线性相关,即其粒度分布可用分形分布函数进行表征,且分形维数作为分布特征参量能较好地描述颗粒均匀程度与集中性。     

Synthesis and luminescence properties of Mn4+-dopant Ca14Zn6Ga10−xAlxO35 solid solution

Mn~(4+)-activated oxide phosphors,owing to their desirable spectral features,eco-friendly and low cost,are emerging as a new class of non-rare-earth red phosphors for warm white LEDs.However,these phosphors possess low photoluminescence quantum efficiency excited by blue chip currently.Herein we report an isostructural solid solution of Ca_(14)Zn_6Ga_(10-x)Al_xO_(35):0.15Mn~(4+)(0≤x≤10)synthesized by a traditional solidstate reaction route.The microstructure and luminescent performance of this red-emitting phosphor are investigated in detail with the aids of X-ray diffraction,diffuse reflection spectra,photoluminescence spectra/decay/QE,and temperature-dependent PL/QE measurements.Blue shift of energy peaks of~4A_2→~4T_1and~4A_2→~4T_2transition is illustrated by the Tanabe–Sugano diagram and the configurational coordinate diagram.The crystal field strength(Dq)and the Racah parameters(B and C)are carefully calculated to estimate the nephelauxetic effectβrespectively.Particularly we achieve external and internal quantum efficiencies as high as26.1%and 40.3%for Ca_(14)Zn_6Ga_6Al_4O_(35):0.15Mn~(4+)excited by 466 nm,the highest one ever reported in Mn~(4+)activated oxide phosphors under the similar condition.     

Coupling effects of tungsten and molybdenum on microstructure and stressrupture properties of a nickel-base cast superalloy

In order to comprehensively understand the forming mechanism of abnormal phases solidified in a nickel-base cast superalloy with additives of tungsten and molybdenum, the coupling effects of W and Mo on the microstructure and stress-rupture properties were investigated in this paper. The results indicated that the precipitation of primary α-(W, Mo) phase depended tremendously on the amount of W and Mo addition. When the total amount of W and Mo was greater than 5.79 at%, α-(W, Mo) phase became easily precipitated in the alloy.With increasing of Mo/W ratio, the dendrite-like α-(W, Mo) phases were apt to convert into small bars or blockylike phases at the vicinities of γ′/γ eutectic. The morphological changes of α-(W, Mo) phase can be interpreted as the non-equilibrium solidification of W and Mo in the alloy. Since the large sized α-(W, Mo) phase has detrimental effects on stress-rupture properties in as-cast conditions, secondary cracks may mainly initiate at and then propagate along the interfaces of brittle phases and soft matrix. During exposing at 1100 ℃ for 1000 h, the α-(W, Mo) phases transformed gradually into bigger and harder M_6C carbide, which results in decreasing of stress-rupture properties of the alloy. Finally, the alloy with an addition of 14W-1Mo(wt%) maintained the longest stress lives at high temperatures and therefore it revealed the best microstructure stability after 1100 ℃/1000 h thermal exposure.     

The hidden disintegration of cluster heterogeneity in Fe-based glass-forming alloy melt

The evolution of liquid metal at high temperature is known much less than their solid states. This is partially due to that the message concerning clusters, metastable phase or heterogeneity in liquid is usually too slight to be traced. Here, we shed some light on the nature of structural evolution of Fe-based glass-forming alloy during overheating process by the investigation of high-temperature melt viscometry and first principles simulations. It was found that a structural transition around 1400 ℃ occurred in the melts of initial homogeneous ingot, heterogeneous ingot and amorphous ribbons jointly, and was confirmed by the results from differential scanning calorimeter(DSC), and ab initio molecular dynamics(AIMD). Combining these results with Fe-Si-B ternary phase diagram and the melting characteristics of Fe-B compounds, it is safe to conclude that the disintegration of Fe_2B type clusters to Fe_3B-type clusters leads to the observed transition. These results offer a significant reference for the preparation and property control of Fe-based amorphous alloys.     

A New Algorithm for the Establishing Data Association Between a Camera and a 2-D LIDAR

In this paper,we propose a new algorithm to establish the data association between a camera and a 2-D Light Detection And Ranging sensor （LIDAR）.In contrast to the previous works,where data association is established by calibrating the intrinsic parameters of the camera and the extrinsic parameters of the camera and the LIDAR,we formulate the map between laser points and pixels as a 2-D homography.The line-point correspondence is employed to construct geometric constraint on the homography matrix.This enables checkerboard to be not essential and any object with straight boundary can be an effective target.The calculation of the 2-D homography matrix consists of a linear least-squares solution of a homogeneous system followed by a nonlinear minimization of the geometric error in the image plane.Since the measurement quality impacts on the accuracy of the result,we investigate the equivalent constraint and show that placing the calibration target nearby the 2-D LIDAR will provide sufficient constraints to calculate the 2-D homography matrix.Simulation and experimental results validate that the proposed algorithm is robust and accurate.Compared with the previous works,which require two calibration processes and special calibration targets such as checkerboard,our method is more flexible and easier to perform.     

基于RSM和FEM的辊锻件长度控制技术

以某钩尾框精密辊锻工艺为研究对象,首次应用响应面法(RSM)和有限元数值模拟法(FEM)对精密辊锻件的长度控制问题进行了研究.首先以满足辊锻件长度和降低轧辊最大扭矩为目标,采用FORGE3有限元软件建立了RSM与FEM相结合的二阶分析模型,研究了轧辊间隙、摩擦因子、轧辊转速和坯料温度对辊锻件的长度和轧辊最大扭矩的显著性和影响规律;其次采用优化后的工艺参数对该辊锻工艺进行了再模拟,提出了辊锻件长度的调试原则,利用该原则和点的反追踪技术对辊锻模具进行了再设计,同时分析了设计、模拟和生产辊锻件的长度和辊锻过程的功率耗散和分布.研究结果表明:应用RSM和FEM可准确有效地掌握精密辊锻件的长度控制技术.     

Review of public-key cryptosystem based on the error correcting code

The paper review the public-key cryptosystems based on the error correcting codes such as Goppa code, BCH code, RS code, rank distance code, algebraic geometric code as well as LDPC code, and made the comparative analyses of the merits and drawbacks of them. The cryptosystem based on Goppa code has high security, but can be achieved poor. The cryptosystems based on other error correcting codes have higher performance than Goppa code. But there are still some disadvantages to solve. At last, the paper produce an assumption of the Niederreiter cascade combination cryptosystem based on double public-keys under complex circumstances, which has higher performance and security than the traditional cryptosystems.     

PP-ST-DVB纤维氯甲基化与胺化反应研究

通过三甲基氯硅烷(TMCS)在聚丙烯接枝苯乙烯-二乙烯苯(PP-ST-DVB)纤维上的氯甲基化及胺化反应制得一种强碱离子交换纤维新材料,通过红外光谱(FT-IR)、扫描电镜(SEM)与元素分析等手段对各步产物结构与功能基含量进行了分析和表征,并重点考察了各种因素对氯甲基化反应的影响。结果表明:氯甲基化PP-ST-DVB纤维中的氯质量分数达12.62%,经胺化所得强碱性离子交换纤维的交换容量可达2.7mmol/g。这种强碱性离子交换纤维的绿色合成工艺具有反应温和及环境友好的优点。