含钽呋喃树脂黏度和固化特性

采用黏度计、差热分析和红外光谱分析含钽呋喃树脂的黏度和固化特性,并由此确定合适的浸渍和固化工艺。研究结果表明：在45～50℃范围内,含钽呋喃树脂能保持适合浸渍的低黏度,其固化活化能为61．61kJ／mol,固化反应级数为0．9;固化宜采用阶梯式升温;固化过程中碳碳双键和醚键以及醇羟基等均发生了反应。     

CVD SiC涂层的C/SiC复合材料的弯曲性能

以针刺整体毡为预制体制备C／SiC复合材料,在材料表面制备CVD SiC涂层,研究涂层试样氧化前、后的微观结构和室温弯曲性能。研究结果表明：CVD SiC涂层由球形颗粒熔聚体、裸露裂纹和附着裂纹组成,于1400℃氧化时附着裂纹发生愈合;C／SiC试样的弯曲强度为119．9MPa,涂层试样及其分别经1000,1200和1400℃连续氧化5h后,弯曲强度分别为188．5,41．0,60．7和104．5MPa;随氧化温度的升高,SiC涂层的保护作用增强是残留弯曲强度提高的根本原因：C／SiC试样、涂层试样和经1200和1400℃氧化的试样均表现为分层断裂,纤维束边缘区域炭的适度氧化弱化了纤维／热解炭界面,使氧化试样表现出明显的假塑性;经1000℃氧化的涂层试样,由于纤维束的严重氧化,表现为脆性断裂特征。     

模压法制备C/C-SiC复合材料的力学性能

以炭纤维、硅粉、石墨粉等为原材料,采用模压法制备炭纤维增强C／C-SiC复合材料;采用电子万能试验机测定材料抗弯、抗压强度与冲击韧性,利用扫描电子显微镜观察其断口形貌：研究纤维分布状态、纤维长度以及后续炭化处理对C／C-SiC复合材料力学性能的影响。研究结果表明：当分散纤维以单丝状态分布在基体中时,纤维与基体结合紧密,材料力学性能较佳;纤维长度为5mm时,材料具有较好的综合力学性能,抗弯强度、垂直和平行抗压强度、冲击韧性分别为59．06MPR,147．03MPa,134．25MPR和2．45kJ/m^2．后续炭化处理使材料压缩性能提高22％以上,冲击韧性则有所下降,断裂方式为脆性断裂。     

基于模糊综合评判的生物医学工程实验教学质量评估

通过对生物医学工程专业实验的特点和高校的实际情况研究,建立了生物医学工程实验评估体系.采用多级模糊综合评判的方法建立了生物医学工程实验评估模型,具体实例证明了评估模型的科学性和实用性.     

基于模糊综合评判的生物医学工程实验教学质量评估

通过对生物医学工程专业实验的特点和高校的实际情况研究,建立了生物医学工程实验评估体系。采用多级模糊综合评判的方法建立了生物医学工程实验评估模型,具体实例证明了评估模型的科学性和实用性。     

克隆选择粒子群优化BP神经网络电力需求预测

在普通BP算法基础上,引入克隆选择粒子群算法,建立电力需求预测模型.将当期国内生产总值、前期国内生产总值、人口、当期产业结构变化、前期产业结构变化等影响电力需求的因素作为网络输入,电力需求作为网络输出,同时选择合适的隐层节点数,确定模型的网络结构.利用克隆选择粒子群算法反复优化BP网络的权值组合,将优化后的权值作为BP神经网络的初始值,进行BP算法,直至网络达到训练指标.利用近几年相关输入输出变量年度数据,对建立的模型进行电力需求实证预测分析,并同普通BP神经网络预测结果进行对比.结果表明:基于克隆选择粒子群优化的BP神经网络不仅训练速度快,而且误差小,预测精度明显提高,说明该模型对于电力需求预测的有效性.     

The complete genome of an individual by massively parallel DNA sequencing

The association of genetic variation with disease and drug response, and improvements in nucleic acid technologies, have given great optimism for the impact of 'genomic medicine'. However, the formidable size of the diploid human genome, approximately 6 gigabases, has prevented the routine application of sequencing methods to deciphering complete individual human genomes. To realize the full potential of genomics for human health, this limitation must be overcome. Here we report the DNA sequence of a diploid genome of a single individual, James D. Watson, sequenced to 7.4-fold redundancy in two months using massively parallel sequencing in picolitre-size reaction vessels. This sequence was completed in two months at approximately one-hundredth of the cost of traditional capillary electrophoresis methods. Comparison of the sequence to the reference genome led to the identification of 3.3 million single nucleotide polymorphisms, of which 10,654 cause amino-acid substitution within the coding sequence. In addition, we accurately identified small-scale (2-40,000 base pair (bp)) insertion and deletion polymorphism as well as copy number variation resulting in the large-scale gain and loss of chromosomal segments ranging from 26,000 to 1.5 million base pairs. Overall, these results agree well with recent results of sequencing of a single individual by traditional methods. However, in addition to being faster and significantly less expensive, this sequencing technology avoids the arbitrary loss of genomic sequences inherent in random shotgun sequencing by bacterial cloning because it amplifies DNA in a cell-free system. As a result, we further demonstrate the acquisition of novel human sequence, including novel genes not previously identified by traditional genomic sequencing. This is the first genome sequenced by next-generation technologies. Therefore it is a pilot for the future challenges of 'personalized genome sequencing'.     

刍议旅游线路优化——以山西省为例

在分析山西旅游线路设计中存在着景点间互补性偏低、现有旅游线路行游比不合理、旅游线路设计更新缓慢、旅游线路的文化内涵挖掘不足等问题的基础上,结合山西实际,提出了山西旅游线路优化的具体思路,以期对山西旅游线路优化提供新思路。     

试用生态学理论探析图书馆的建设

从生态学的角度对我国图书馆建设的现状进行了分析,介绍了图书馆知识生态系统的概念,指出可持续发展是我国图书馆建设的必然方向,阐明了可持续发展对我国图书馆建设的意义。