Effect of heat treatment on the microstructure of a Ni–Fe based superalloy for advanced ultra-supercritical power plant applications

The effect of heat treatment on the microstructure and microhardness of a Ni–Fe based superalloy for700 °C advanced ultra-supercritical coalfi red power plants was investigated. Results showed that the main phases in the alloy were γ, γ′, MC and M_23C_6, and no harmful phase was observed in the alloy.M_23C_6-type carbides discretely distributed nearby grain boundaries as the alloy was aged at above840 °C. The microhardness decreased with increasing aging temperature. The coarsening of γ′ led to the increment of microhardness at 780 °C and 810 °C for a short aging time, and a signi fi cant decrease in microhardness after aging at 840 °C. The aging temperature had more signi fi cant role on the microstructure than holding time. Therefore, to obtain optimum strengthening effect for this alloy, the aging temperature should not exceed 810 °C.     

建筑物尺度对避雷针防雷性能影响的数值评估

为研究闪电先导与地面建筑物的相互作用,根据长间隙放电的物理过程建立了包含上行迎面正先导的三维负极性先导发展模型。利用模拟电荷法计算了电晕区的电位分布及电晕电荷量,作为上行正先导是否满足激发起始的判断条件,建立了上行正先导的起始传播模型,利用该模型评估了建筑物形状特征对于闪击距离的影响。研究表明:随着回击电流峰值、建筑物垂直高度或避雷针高度的增大,闪击距离也逐步增大;在建筑物垂直高度不变的条件下,随着避雷针高度的增加,闪击距离逐步增大,当避雷针高度大于30m后,闪击距离的变化不再明显。     

加拿大林火天气指标系统在通化市的应用

针对通化市林火特点,引入加拿大林火天气指标系统,利用通化市1996—2010年气象资料和森林火灾数据,研究林火天气指标与林火的相关性,并划分森林火险等级.结果表明:除了干旱码(DC)外,林火次数与其他林火天气指标极显著相关;受害森林面积、火场总面积与林火天气指数(FWI)、初始蔓延指标(ISI)极显著相关,与细小可燃物湿度码(FFMC)虽然没有达到极显著相关,但显著度与0.01水平很接近,因此可以证明加拿大林火天气指标系统适合通化市进行林火天气预报.按照极端火险天气小于3%的原则和几何方法划分了森林火险级别.4级火险天气下林火频率、火场面积比例、受害森林面积比例最大,森林火灾发生近似于正态分布,因此此种等级划分方法比较适合通化市,但需要更多的森林火灾资料加以验证.     

大厂商竞争稳定性数学模型

在连续时间模型中，对一般的非线性价格函数，得到局部稳定的必要条件，当价格函数是拟线性时，为了保证全局稳定性，对市场价格的影响程度不能太低．在线性情形下，全局稳定的充要条件是厂商数目不能超过3．     

Isotopic evidence for the moisture origin and composition of surface runoff in the headwaters of the Heihe River basin

We investigated the moisture origin and contribution of different water sources to surface runoff entering the headwaters of the Heihe River basin on the basis of NECP/NCAR (National Centers for Environmental Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Research) re-analysis data and variations in the stable hydrogen and oxygen isotope ratios (?? D and ?? ¹⁸O) of precipitation, spring, river, and melt water. The similar seasonality in precipitation ?? ¹⁸O at different sites reveals the same moisture origin for water entering the headwaters of the Heihe River basin. The similarity in the seasonality of ?? ¹⁸O and d-excess for precipitation at Yeniugou and Urumchi, which showed more positive ?? ¹⁸O and lower d-excess values in summer and more negative ?? ¹⁸O and higher d-excess values in winter, indicates a dominant effect of westerly air masses in summer and the integrated influence of westerly and polar air masses in winter. Higher d-excess values throughout the year for Yeniugou suggest that in arid inland areas of northwestern China, water is intensively recycled. Temporal changes in ?? ¹⁸O, ??D, and d-excess reveal distinct contributions of different bodies of water to surface runoff. For example, there were similar trends for ?? D, ?? ¹⁸O, and d-excess of precipitation and river water from June to September, similar ?? ¹⁸O trends for river and spring water from December to February, and similar trends for precipitation and runoff volumes. However, there were significant differences in ?? ¹⁸O between melt water and river water in September. Our results show that the recharge of surface runoff by precipitation occurred mainly from June to mid-September, whereas the supply of surface runoff in winter was from base flow (as spring water), mostly with a lower runoff amount.     

公路桥梁地基的承载力及沉降分析

公路桥梁施工过程中,地基的承载力和沉降能力对施工质量具有极大的影响.文章在分析已有相关研究进展的基础上,提出并分析了一种组合型复合地基的形成机理,同时对其承载性能和沉降计算方法进行了讨论;分析过程和结果将为该复合地基的设计及其在公路桥梁建设过程中的工程应用提供必要的理论指导和技术支持.     

传播学演进的动力与历史逻辑

本文认为传播学的发展与变革和人类文明形态的变革、社会存在的变革以及人们思想观念的变革有着极为密切的关系,传播学学派纷繁复杂与此不无关系。因此只要这三个方面的因素未能统一,建立一个统一的传播学学科体系便难以进行,此时我们较为务实的做法就是对传播学的理解应追溯其产生的特定社会时代背景及社会思潮,把握学科发展的哲学根源以及应用范围,不宜拘泥于学科本身的框架,避免学术思想的异化。     

论文学形象表象模糊性的语言构成

文学形象表象的模糊性属文学作品中的常规现象。文学语言的莱确定指涉与暗示功能决定了文学形象表象模糊性的实现，本文具体从一词多义、一语双(多)关、言语的偏离、非精确性描述等方面入手，探讨文学形象表象模糊性与文学语言之间的内在联系。     

家庭消费行为与学龄前儿童用品设计

家庭是儿童的基本生活场所,也是儿童接受消费教育的第一课堂,家庭对儿童的消费行为的形成具有直接和长远的影响.以学龄前儿童为研究对象,将家庭关于儿童消费的动机归纳为5方面,并明确了家庭消费对儿童消费的主导作用,然后针对家庭消费特点提出了关于儿童用品设计的注意事项,并对儿童用品设计市场的未来进行预测.可为儿童产品的市场销售和新产品的设计开发提供一个向导.     

新媒体技术因子对高等教育影响分析

新媒体技术已对整个高校教学系统中教学结构、教学模式及教学手段等带来重大变革,那么新媒体技术到底对高校教育产生了多大的影响,这些影响反应在我们的现实生活当中又是什么样,本文简略对其相互影响进行了探讨。