伽罗瓦的代数方程思想

目的 探讨在代数方程根式可解性理论的发展中,伽罗瓦(Evariste Galois,1811-1832)的代数方程理论思想发展过程.方法 采用历史考察与数理分析法.结果 伽罗瓦是通过引进"伽罗瓦群"、"正规子群"、"置换群"等概念开始建立他的理论,并且找出了根式扩张塔和可解群之间的对应关系,利用这种对应关系最终解决了代数方程根式可解性理论这一难题.结论 伽罗瓦继承了拉格朗日(J.L.Lagrange,1736-1813)问题转化的思想,并且把这一思想进行发展,使得人们对方程根式解问题的研究进入到对"结构"观念的研究,导致了抽象代数学科的诞生;伽罗瓦的研究思路是通过继承和发展前人的思想成果得出来的.     

谈公路规划设计过程中如何做好环境保护

经济建设要符合持续、健康、快速发展的原则,而公路定线和施工建设稍有不慎就有可能导致沿线山体裸露、植被受损、水土流失、生态环境恶化现象的发生。文章以公路规划设计阶段为研究对象,就公路规划设计阶段如何做好生态环境的保护进行了分析。     

谈公路规划设计过程中如何做好环境保护

经济建设要符合持续、健康、快速发展的原则,而公路定线和施工建设稍有不慎就有可能导致沿线山体裸露、植被受损、水土流失、生态环境恶化现象的发生.文章以公路规划设计阶段为研究对象,就公路规划设计阶段如何做好生态环境的保护进行了分析.     

Natural polymorphisms in C. elegans HECW-1 E3 ligase affect pathogen avoidance behaviour

Heritable variation in behavioural traits generally has a complex genetic basis, and thus naturally occurring polymorphisms that influence behaviour have been defined only in rare instances. The isolation of wild strains of Caenorhabditis elegans has facilitated the study of natural genetic variation in this species and provided insights into its diverse microbial ecology. C. elegans responds to bacterial infection with conserved innate immune responses and, although lacking the immunological memory of vertebrate adaptive immunity, shows an aversive learning response to pathogenic bacteria. Here, we report the molecular characterization of naturally occurring coding polymorphisms in a C. elegans gene encoding a conserved HECT domain-containing E3 ubiquitin ligase, HECW-1. We show that two distinct polymorphisms in neighbouring residues of HECW-1 each affect C. elegans behavioural avoidance of a lawn of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Neuron-specific rescue and ablation experiments and genetic interaction analysis indicate that HECW-1 functions in a pair of sensory neurons to inhibit P. aeruginosa lawn avoidance behaviour through inhibition of the neuropeptide receptor NPR-1 (ref. 10), which we have previously shown promotes P. aeruginosa lawn avoidance behaviour. Our data establish a molecular basis for natural variation in a C. elegans behaviour that may undergo adaptive changes in response to microbial pathogens.     

Structural insight into brassinosteroid perception by BRI1

Brassinosteroids are essential phytohormones that have crucial roles in plant growth and development. Perception of brassinosteroids requires an active complex of BRASSINOSTEROID-INSENSITIVE 1 (BRI1) and BRI1-ASSOCIATED KINASE 1 (BAK1). Recognized by the extracellular leucine-rich repeat (LRR) domain of BRI1, brassinosteroids induce a phosphorylation-mediated cascade to regulate gene expression. Here we present the crystal structures of BRI1(LRR) in free and brassinolide-bound forms. BRI1(LRR) exists as a monomer in crystals and solution independent of brassinolide. It comprises a helical solenoid structure that accommodates a separate insertion domain at its concave surface. Sandwiched between them, brassinolide binds to a hydrophobicity-dominating surface groove on BRI1(LRR). Brassinolide recognition by BRI1(LRR) is through an induced-fit mechanism involving stabilization of two interdomain loops that creates a pronounced non-polar surface groove for the hormone binding. Together, our results define the molecular mechanisms by which BRI1 recognizes brassinosteroids and provide insight into brassinosteroid-induced BRI1 activation.     

FAS and NF-κB signalling modulate dependence of lung cancers on mutant EGFR

Human lung adenocarcinomas with activating mutations in EGFR (epidermal growth factor receptor) often respond to treatment with EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), but the magnitude of tumour regression is variable and transient. This heterogeneity in treatment response could result from genetic modifiers that regulate the degree to which tumour cells are dependent on mutant EGFR. Through a pooled RNA interference screen, we show that knockdown of FAS and several components of the NF-κB pathway specifically enhanced cell death induced by the EGFR TKI erlotinib in EGFR-mutant lung cancer cells. Activation of NF-κB through overexpression of c-FLIP or IKK (also known as CFLAR and IKBKB, respectively), or silencing of IκB (also known as NFKBIA), rescued EGFR-mutant lung cancer cells from EGFR TKI treatment. Genetic or pharmacologic inhibition of NF-κB enhanced erlotinib-induced apoptosis in erlotinib-sensitive and erlotinib-resistant EGFR-mutant lung cancer models. Increased expression of the NF-κB inhibitor IκB predicted for improved response and survival in EGFR-mutant lung cancer patients treated with EGFR TKI. These data identify NF-κB as a potential companion drug target, together with EGFR, in EGFR-mutant lung cancers and provide insight into the mechanisms by which tumour cells escape from oncogene dependence.     

兴义坡岗自然保护区陆生贝类资源调查及区系分析(腹足纲:前鳃亚纲;肺螺亚纲)

对贵州省兴义市坡岗自然保护区进行陆生贝类资源调查,共获得标本2 954号,经鉴定得66种(8个未定种),分隶于12科32属。区系分析表明:保护区内陆生贝类以东洋界种类为主,占种类总数的89%。东洋界西南区种类,占种类总数的33%;同时也有少数古北界的种类渗透,占种类总数的7%;广分布种类较少,仅占种类总数的4%。     

基于SVM的虚拟人彩色切片图像自动分割

为实现对数字虚拟人彩色连续切片的自动分割,提出了一种基于支持向量机的自动分割方法.该方法首先利用虚拟人连续切片图像间在颜色、纹理等特征的相似性,使用支持向量机分类方法对相邻图像进行分割.在分割结果达不到预定允许最小相似度条件或一次训练结果用于连续分割切片次数达到给定的最大允许次数时,则再利用相邻切片在空间上的相似性,自动对当前切片进行重新采样,然后继续训练、分割.使用虚拟中国人女性一号(VCH-F1)数据集中切片图像进行实验,对比研究了允许的最小相似度测度及允许最大连续分割次数对分割质量和分割时间的影响,并给出了受噪声污染图像的自动分割结果.该方法能有效实现对虚拟人连续切片图像的自动分割,能在保证一定分割质量的同时,兼顾分割速度,并能较好地克服噪声影响.     

基于类别不平衡的企业信用风险违约测度探索 ——以制造业上市公司为例

针对所获取的类别不平衡的深沪A股制造业上市公司财务数据,为了预测制造业上市公司信用违约情况,提出基于欠采样改进的Lasso-Logistic模型;首先通过计算WOE和IV值,剔除风险识别能力和稳定性较差的变量,接着从"数据"层面对现有的Lasso-Logistic模型进行批量欠采样处理,最后结合"算法"层面对Lasso...