水热和硬模板辅助制备氧化铝空心球

以葡萄糖和硝酸铝为原料,采用水热和硬模板辅助技术成功制备了氧化铝空心球。分别通过葡萄糖催化聚合-原位离子吸附一步进行(一步法)或葡萄糖聚合成球-离子吸附分步进行(二步法)制备铝碳复合球壳结构,然后经分步煅烧氧化制得氧化铝空心球。进一步对产物表征结果表明:二步法得到的空心球壳结构稳定紧凑,大小均一,粒径在亚微米级;而一步法步骤简单,操作快捷,但产物结构疏松,粒径在微米级,空心球比二步法有序度要高。此外,对氧化铝空心球结构的形成过程和可能的机理以及二步法中碳球表面基团进行了分析和探讨。     

Bayesian mixed models and divergence time estimation of Chinese cavefishes （Cyprinidae： Sinocyclocheilus）

The genus Sinocyclocheilus is distributed in Yun-Gui Plateau and its surrounding region only, within more than 10 cave species showing different degrees of degeneration of eyes and pigmentaUon with wonderful adaptations. To present, published morphological and molecular phylogenetic hypotheses of Slnocyclocheilus from prior works are very different and the relationships within the genus are still far from clear. We obtained the sequences of cytochrome b （cyt b） and NADH dehydrogenase subunlt 4 （ND4） of 34 species within Sinocyclocheilus, which represent the most dense taxon sampling to date. We performed Bayesian mixed models analyses with this data set. Under this phylogenetic framework, we estimated the divergence times of recovered clades using different methods under relaxed molecular clock. Our phyloegentic results supported the monophyly of Sinocyclocheilus and showed that this genus could be subdivided into 6 major clades. In addition, an earlier finding demonstrating the polyphyletlc of cave species and the most basal position of S. jii was corroborated. Relaxed divergence-time estimation suggested that Sinocyclocheilus originated at the late Miocene, about 11 million years ago （Ma）, which is older than what have been assumed.     

Study on cellular internalization of poly（vinyldiaminotriazine）-based hydrogen bonding type non-viral transgene vector

Previously we successfully prepared poly（vinyldiaminotriazine）（PVDT）-based non-viral vectors which complexed piasmid DNA via hydrogen bonding with adenine-thymine base pairs, in this report, surface charges and complex sizes of this system were further examined. The results showed that PVDT-based polymer could cover surface charges of DNA resulting in slightly negative or neutral complexes. It was also found that the complex sizes were governed by two events： the aggregation induced by the instability of neutral particles, and more compact complexes produced by PVDT-based polymers. In the study of cellular uptake, chlorpromazine and filipin III were used to inhibit clathrin-and caveolae-mediated endocytosis, respectively. We found that PVDT-based systems were transported into cells via a non-clathrin, non-caveolae mediated endocytosis. This special process was studied by temperature inhibition and kinetics assays. It was revealed that such a pathway was characterized by （i） a more en- ergy dependent process and （ii） a much slow transfection-effective internalization.     

Generation of transgenic cucumbers with expression of a ten-tandem repeat long-acting GLP-1 analogue and their biological function on diabetic rats

Glucagon-like peptide-1 （GLP-1） is a 30-amino acid peptide hormone, which has the regulatory function of stimulating the secretion of insulin to balance blood glucose levels. In this study, marker-free expression vector pX6 with a fusion gene of ten tandem repeated GLP-1 analog （[Ser8, Gln26 and Asp34]-GLP-1） genes was constructed and transformed into cucumbers by Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation method. Four transgenic lines were obtained by PCR and Southern blotting analysis and two transgenic lines successfully expressed the fusion protein （named GLP-T）, which was revealed by Western blotting analysis. The biological activity test results showed that the serum glucose level of diabetic rats was significantly decreased after oral administration of the fusion protein GLP-T extracted from the transgenic cucumber fruitage. These results suggest that this may provide a brand-new strategy to prevent and cure the diabetes with no pain.     

Discovery of Late Cretaceous foraminifera in the Songliao Basin: Evidence from SK-1 and implications for identifying seawater incursions

The Songliao Basin is the largest oil-bearing basin in China.In the absence of sufficient evidence,the possibility of seawater incursion(s) into the Songliao Basin remains controversial.Recently,we discovered relatively abundant foraminifera fossils from units 1 and 2 of the Nenjiang Formation of borehole SK-1.Benthic foraminifera (Gavlinella sp.,Anomalinoides sp.,Pullenia sp.,Haplophragmoides sp.,Karrorulina hokkaidoana,Clavulinoides sp.),as well as planktonic foraminifera (Archaeoglobigerina blowi,Archaeoglobigerina cretacea and Hedbergella flandrini),were identified.These fossils were widely distributed in the marine Cretaceous.According to the global distribution of the above-mentioned planktonic foraminifera,the age of these fossil bearing strata appears to be Late Coniacian to Santonian.More importantly,these foraminifera provide direct evidence for marine water incursions into the Songliao Basin during deposition of the Lower Nenjiang Formation.     

Simulation study of China’s net primary production

Spatial and temporal distribution of vegetation net primary production （NPP） in China was studied using three light-use efficiency models （CASA, GLOPEM and GEOLUE） and two mechanistic ecological process models （CEVSA, GEOPRO）. Based on spatial and temporal analysis （e.g. monthly, seasonally and annually） of simulated results from ecological process mechanism models of CASA, GLOPEM and CEVSA, the following conclusions could be made： （1） during the last 20 years, NPP change in China followed closely the seasonal change of climate affected by monsoon with an overall trend of increasing; （2） simulated average seasonal NPP was： 0.571±0.2 GtC in spring, 1.573±0.4 GtC in summer, 0.6±0.2 GtC in autumn, and 0.12±0.1 GtC in winter. Average annual NPP in China was 2.864±1 GtC. All the five models were able to simulate seasonal and spatial features of biomass for different ecological types in China. This paper provides a baseline for China＇s total biomass production. It also offers a means of estimating the NPP change due to afforestation, reforestation, conservation and other human activities and could aid people in using for-mentioned carbon sinks to fulfill China＇s commitment of reducing greenhouse gases.     

Successful operation of a cooperative SLR station of China and Argentina in San Juan

We introduced the observations and researches using a Satellite Laser Ranging (SLR) system with high precision, which was designed and made in China and installed in the Observatory of San Juan Uni- versity, Argentina, the capability of the system and the achievement of the cooperative procedure be- tween China and Argentina. The SLR station in San Juan, set up by China and Argentina, is quite sig- nificant for improving the distribution of SLR stations and enhancing the orbital coverage of the whole earth. Since the SLR system started to work in the Observatory of San Juan University in the beginning of 2006, the operation is rather good, and rich data with high precision have been obtained. Further plan of the cooperation for the near future is also presented.     

工业以太网网络故障的应对实践

为了应对工业以太网在使用过程中频繁发生网络故障的现象,利用对网络节点重新规划分配、减小通讯量、减轻网络传输负担,选用高质量的网络传输介质、对网络外界杂波干扰进行屏蔽的方法,对原有的工业以太网络进行大幅改进,经过统计,月平均故障报警次数由改进前的28次变为改进后的2次,网络故障的发生频次得到明显降低.因此,以上改进方法可有效应对工业以太网使用过程中最为常见的网络故障问题,起到极大减少或根除以太网网络故障的作用.