Genome sequence of enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7

The bacterium Escherichia coli O157:H7 is a worldwide threat to public health and has been implicated in many outbreaks of haemorrhagic colitis, some of which included fatalities caused by haemolytic uraemic syndrome. Close to 75,000 cases of O157:H7 infection are now estimated to occur annually in the United States. The severity of disease, the lack of effective treatment and the potential for large-scale outbreaks from contaminated food supplies have propelled intensive research on the pathogenesis and detection of E. coli O157:H7 (ref. 4). Here we have sequenced the genome of E. coli O157:H7 to identify candidate genes responsible for pathogenesis, to develop better methods of strain detection and to advance our understanding of the evolution of E. coli, through comparison with the genome of the non-pathogenic laboratory strain E. coli K-12 (ref. 5). We find that lateral gene transfer is far more extensive than previously anticipated. In fact, 1,387 new genes encoded in strain-specific clusters of diverse sizes were found in O157:H7. These include candidate virulence factors, alternative metabolic capacities, several prophages and other new functions--all of which could be targets for surveillance.     

论江泽民的“以德治国”思想

“以德治国”是江泽民提出的一种新的治国思想。本文从分析当前我国普遍存在的腐败、贫富差距、社会治安、道德滑坡等诸多社会问题出发,从正确处理“以德治国”与古代“德治”思想和“以德治国”与“依法治国”的辩证关系入手,积极探求实现“以德治国”的道德途径,即实行德政与德教,以期对“以德治国”的现实针对性、科学合理性和操作可行性有一个较为系统的论述。     

群体决策争议的支持模式研究

针对群体决策过程存在知识断层和决策争议的问题,讨论了对群体决策中的争议过程进行支持的Toulmin逻辑表达结构,并对将Toulmin逻辑结构应用于设计支持非结构群体过程的“公共大脑”的表达方式进行了探讨。     

Fringe is a glycosyltransferase that modifies Notch

Notch receptors function in highly conserved intercellular signalling pathways that direct cell-fate decisions, proliferation and apoptosis in metazoans. Fringe proteins can positively and negatively modulate the ability of Notch ligands to activate the Notch receptor. Here we establish the biochemical mechanism of Fringe action. Drosophila and mammalian Fringe proteins possess a fucose-specific beta1,3 N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase activity that initiates elongation of O-linked fucose residues attached to epidermal growth factor-like sequence repeats of Notch. We obtained biological evidence that Fringe-dependent elongation of O-linked fucose on Notch modulates Notch signalling by using co-culture assays in mammalian cells and by expression of an enzymatically inactive Fringe mutant in Drosophila. The post-translational modification of Notch by Fringe represents a striking example of modulation of a signalling event by differential receptor glycosylation and identifies a mechanism that is likely to be relevant to other signalling pathways.     

基于XML的异构数据源集成查询中间件的设计和实现

企业ERP建设中形成了许多异构数据源,为了有效使用这些数据有必要进行异构数据源的集成.为此给出了基于XML的异构数据源集成查询的中间件的设计和实现方案.该中间件具有接收查询的功能,还具有对用户查询进行语法分析、生成查询任务树、优化查询、分解查询和组合数据并以XML格式保存信息的功能.     

液体动力润滑滑动轴承概率设计

为了最大限度地满足液体动力润滑径向滑动轴承的承载量系数值,以达到滑动轴承承载能力的要求,提出液体动力润滑径向滑动轴承概率设计的数学模型,并给出了具体的概率设计方法.实例计算结果表明,该方法实用、合理.     

不同天线相关分布特性下的MIMO容量性能分析

研究了在无线MIMO(Multiple-Input Multiple-Output)系统中,天线的相关性对系统容量性能的影响.建立了相关天线MIMO系统仿真模型,给出了相关系数并推导了相关信道容量的表达式,用Monte Carlo法仿真了天线角度扩展分别为高斯分布和均匀分布2种情况,对比分析了信道容量与天线角度扩展以及扩展分布特征之间的关系,为实际的MIMO系统设计提供参考.     

Estimation and prediction of black carbon emissions in Beijing City

Black carbon is a by-product of incomplete combustion of carbon containing fuels. It can alter atmospheric radiation property and make adverse impacts on human health. The energy consumption in Beijing City depends largely on coal burning. Recently, Beijing City has been performing the municipal energy structure adjustment as a tool for air pollution abatement, aiming at the air quality goal for the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games. Based on Beijing energy use data in 2000, combined with emission factors of major sources of black carbon, the emission of black carbon in Beijing City is estimated to be 7.77 Gg. Coke, raw coal and biomass as non-commercial energy are the main contributors to municipal black carbon emissions. Based on Beijing energy planning in the year 2008, the emission of black carbon in 2008 will be 2.97 Gg if the contribution from biomass is not taken into account. Assuming that the black carbon emission from rural biomass in 2008 is the same as that in 2004, the biomass burning will be the largest emitter of black carbon to Beijing City in 2008.