Robust model predictive control of continuous uncertain systems*

The authors concern robust model predictive control for linear continuous systems with polytopic uncertainties and input constraints. At each sampling time, a piecewise constant control sequence is obtained by solving a set of linear matrix inequalities. The sufficient conditions on the existence of the model predictive control are given, and the robust stability of the closed-loop systems is guaranteed. A simulation example illustrates the efficiency of the proposed method.     

Participatory Sustainability Impact Assessment: Scientific Policy Advice as a Social Learning Process

This paper deals with the development of scientific policy advice by providing a methodology to foster a social learning process. The methodology, called participatory Sustainability Impact Assessment (pSIA), aims to structure complex problem situations, to clarify interests and basic assumptions, to interpret scientific studies, to develop impact assessment, and to explore sensitivity of uncertainty and lack of information. In pSIA workshops the participants are supposed to build conceptual models with different modelling methods, like System Dynamics, Value Chain Analysis, and Morphological Analysis. A case study is presented that describes a workshop series with political as well as academic actors, applying the pSIA approach to an impact assessment of Economic Partnership Agreements between the European Union and the Eastern and Southern Africa Region.

Control of a key transition from prostrate to erect growth in rice domestication

The transition from the prostrate growth of ancestral wild rice (O. rufipogon Griff.) to the erect growth of Oryza sativa cultivars was one of the most critical events in rice domestication. This evolutionary step importantly improved plant architecture and increased grain yield. Here we find that prostrate growth of wild rice from Yuanjiang County in China is controlled by a semi-dominant gene, PROG1 (PROSTRATE GROWTH 1), on chromosome 7 that encodes a single Cys(2)-His(2) zinc-finger protein. prog1 variants identified in O. sativa disrupt the prog1 function and inactivate prog1 expression, leading to erect growth, greater grain number and higher grain yield in cultivated rice. Sequence comparison shows that 182 varieties of cultivated rice, including 87 indica and 95 japonica cultivars from 17 countries, carry identical mutations in the prog1 coding region that may have become fixed during rice domestication.     

最优资金流施工进度计划的风险分析

本文以合成事件技术为基础,研究进度计划中非关键路径对于关键路的时间干扰问题,定义了安全使用时差的新概念,以便对松驰时间和资金最佳运用情况作出可靠的风险决策。     

计算E型方杯压敏电阻最佳位置的一种有效方法

采用有限元法计算了Ｅ型方杯的挠度及应力分布,并从应力差计算出了压敏电阻设置的最佳位置．     

能量存储:基于全新原理的“纳米弹簧”

许多机械装置如钟表、玩具等都采用弹簧来驱动,其能量的存储与释放是通过弹簧内部原子间距的变化来实现的。但是这种原子间距的变化(即弹性变形)所能存储的体能量密度相对很低,如何提高能量的转换效率以及材料存储的能量密度是当前材料科学理论和实验研究共同关注的一个问题。本研究利用金属钨单晶纳米线在加载时独特的孪晶变形行为,提出了一个可以在纳米尺度下高效存储与释放机械能的新原理,并据此设计了相应的纳米装置——纳米弹簧。与块体弹簧不同,本文提出的纳米弹簧通过表面原子的重构来实现能量的存储与释放。进一步的计算还表明,由于金属钨孪晶界面的移动阻力非常小,金属钨纳米弹簧的能量转换效率可以达到98%;同时该纳米弹簧存储的体能量密度可以超过钟表发条的1600倍,并具有30%的应变以及3GPa的驱动应力。     

一种基于分形理论的语音分割新方法

语音是由混沌的自然音素组成的,而分形可以很好地为成混沌状态的自然音素建模．语音波形具有分形特征,将分形用于改善语音识别技术越来越受到重视．语音的特性决定了每一个音素展现其固有模式,因此相邻音素之间的分维值不同．通常求取语音波形的分维值轨迹可把人的发音分割成句子、词、甚至音素．实验证明,该方法在语音分割中取得了很好的效果．     

频率编码脉冲信号性能分析

用大时宽带宽信号是提高雷达距离、速度及其联合分辨性能的最常用方法之一。频率编码脉冲是一种大时宽带信号,具有良好的距离分辨性能和较窄的瞬时带宽。推导了频率编码脉冲信号及步进频率脉冲信号的模糊函数,分析了其距离、速度分辨性能及其相应关系,并就有效解决其距离-速度联合测量问题进行了讨论。     

船舶压载水外来生物入侵传播的防治

对世界范围内目前正在使用的或正在研究的治理船舶压载水外来生物入侵的技术手段和治理措施等进行了比较详细地阐述,提出控制船舶压载水的排放以及研究较为有效的压载水治理方法是解决压载水携带外来物种入侵性传播的有效途径.     

一种快速高效二维时域有限元束传播法

提出并建立了一种新型的快速分析平面光波光路器件传输特性的2D时域有限元束传播法(FE-TD-BPM)模型.与常规时域差分格式的有限元束传播法相比,在时域实现了一维有限元(FEM)离散化处理,基于完全匹配层(PML)边界条件给出了全有限元离散化模型.为了验证算法的精度以及速度,模拟分析了直脊波导以及波导光栅,并且与已有文献的计算结果进行比较,结果表明,该算法无条件稳定、计算速度快,与常规时域差分格式的有限元束传播法相差在0.002%以内,并节省了约70%的机时.