基于多模态MRI的AD分类模型

利用多模态磁共振成像数据,构建静息态功能网络,提取了网络属性及结构像中萎缩灰质的灰质体积作为分类特征,训练SVM分类器。实验结果表明,利用结构和功能组合特征,可以区分MCI与正常对照(准确率91.7%),AD与正常对照(准确率100%),AD与MCI(准确率87.8%),有效提高了两类疾病的分类正确率。结果说明提出的分类模型是一种较好的辅助诊断模型。     

鼓式制动器制动力矩和温度测试台架的设计

基于多体动力学和斯特藩·玻尔兹曼定律,设计计算鼓式制动器制动力矩及温度测试台架,简述了传感器模块、信号处理模块、数据处理及显示终端三大模块的设计思路。与传统的试验台架相比,所设计的试验台架具有结构简单,数据采集干扰小和测量精度高的优点。     

基于Fluent的钻井纠斜液压系统导向套叶片形状优化选择

建立3种不同叶片截面形状导向套的SolidWorks模型,利用Fluent软件对自动垂直钻井系统导向套井下多相耦合流场进行仿真分析,得到泥浆通过不同叶片截面形状导向套时的流动特性,进而对导向套叶片截面形状进行优化选择。结果表明,旋转导向套采用三角形截面叶片为最佳选择。     

仿生无痛注射针头研究进展

医用注射针是现代医疗诊治过程中的常用器械,但注射针头刺穿皮肤时产生的疼痛感会给患者带来严重不适,国内外学者就如何减轻注射过程对人体造成的疼痛感开展了广泛研究。蚊子、蝉、蜜蜂等昆虫的刺吸式口器因具有低阻力刺入动植物表皮的功能,已被视为仿生原型用于研制无痛注射针头。从注射针头刺穿皮肤疼痛的产生机制入手,概述了疼痛测量方法以及仿生原型刺入机理,重点分析了低阻力医用注射针头的减阻机理,介绍了微针阵列在材料选择与制备方面的研究状况,展望了低阻力医用注射针头研制的应用前景,指出未来在仿生无痛注射针的制备中,应基于高精度3D打印技术和激光微纳加工技术,获取加工精度更高的仿生无痛注射针头。     

野生和栽培红毛五加的比较研究

为比较野生和栽培红毛五加形态、光合、光谱及生理特征差异,制定合理的红毛五加人工栽培方案提供技术支持,对野生与栽培红毛五加叶片的外部形态与解剖特征、光合气体交换参数、叶绿素荧光参数、叶片及冠层光谱特性及以刺五加苷E、绿原酸为代表的次生代谢产物含量进行比较。①与野生红毛五加叶片相比,栽培红毛五加叶片厚度、叶面积明显增加,叶片长宽比明显减少,栅栏组织较厚而海绵组织较薄;②栽培红毛五加光合速率及光能利用率较高;③野生和栽培红毛五加都具有典型的植株反射光谱特征,但同野生红毛五加相比,栽培红毛五加叶片和冠层光谱在近红外波段的反射率都较高,一阶导数光谱中的红边振幅和红边面积也较大,红边位置红移10 nm;④2009年所测的栽培红毛五加茎皮中的绿原酸、刺五加苷E含量较野生红毛五加,栽培6年后,上述两种成分含量有所上升,且刺五加苷E含量符合《四川省中药材标准》相关标准。结果表明光照条件的改变影响着红毛五加的叶片形态,充足的光照有利于红毛五加的光合作用和正常生长,研究结果将有助于指导红毛五加的人工驯化栽培工作。     

O2含量对半焦燃烧动力学影响的热重研究

为了更进一步地清楚阐述半焦的燃烧过程,采用非等温热重法研究氧气体积分数对半焦燃烧动力学的影响。将半焦燃烧过程的第2次失重分为半焦热解脱挥发分(阶段1)、挥发分燃烧(阶段2)、挥发分燃烧且碳燃烧(阶段3)、碳单独燃烧(阶段4)4个阶段,采用Coats-Redfern法选取一级反应模型计算各个阶段的动力学参数。结果表明:24%φ(O_2)~30%φ(O_2)条件下,阶段3所需的表观活化能最小。24%φ(O_2)、26%φ(O2)、30%φ(O_2)条件下阶段4所需的表观活化能最大;28%φ(O_2)阶段2所需的表观活化能最大。     

P2P网络中最近节点定位的优化方法研究与实现

P2P网络移动节点设备资源短缺,导致网络资源负载不均衡,使P2P网络处于动态多变的状态。传统方法依据权重大小对最近节点进行定位,所耗费资源较多,无法对负载的网络资源均衡调整,导致定位精度差。提出基于信任度和蚁群算法的P2P网络中最近节点定位优化方法,对P2P网络中节点间的信任度进行计算;并及时更新计算结果。在此基础上,采用蚁群算法对最近节点进行定位,将转移概率函数值最大的节点作为最近节点。为避免节点定位过程中负载不均衡的问题,对其进行优化处理,引入转移概率函数值、能量值以及业务执行等候队列长度,获取定位最近节点的均衡函数,选择均衡函数值最大的节点作为最近节点。实验结果表明,所提方法提高了P2P网络中最近节点定位的效率和精度,具有良好的应用价值。     

Radiation hardness characterization of low gain avalanche detector prototypes for the high granularity timing detector

The high granularity timing detector (HGTD) is a crucial component of the ATLAS phase II upgrade to cope with the extremely high pile-up (the average number of interactions per bunch crossing can be as high as 200). With the precise timing information (σ_t～30 ps) of the tracks, the track-to-vertex association can be performed in the “4-D” space. The Low Gain Avalanche Detector (LGAD) technology is chosen for the sensors, which can provide the required timing resolution and good signal-to-noise ratio. Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. (HPK) has produced the LGAD with thicknesses of 35 μm and 50 μm. The University of Science and Technology of China(USTC) has also developed and produced 50 μm LGADs prototypes with the Institute of Microelectronics (IME) of Chinese Academy of Sciences. To evaluate the irradiation hardness, the sensors are irradiated with the neutron at the JSI reactor facility and tested at USTC. The irradiation effects on both the gain layer and the bulk are characterized by I-V and C-V measurements at room temperature (20 ℃) or ?30 ℃. The breakdown voltages and depletion voltages are extracted and presented as a function of the fluences. The final fitting of the acceptor removal model yielded the c-factor of 3.06×10?16 cm?2, 3.89×10?16 cm?2 and 4.12×10?16 cm?2 for the HPK-1.2, HPK-3.2 and USTC-1.1-W8, respectively, showing that the HPK-1.2 sensors have the most irradiation resistant gain layer. A novel analysis method is used to further exploit the data to get the relationship between the c-factor and initial doping density.     

Measuring Environmental Performance of Provincial Thermal Power Plants in China: A Malmquist DEA Approach with Fixed-Sum Undesirable Outputs

With the development of China’s economy, environmental pollution has become cumulatively serious. The primary source of environmental pollution is thermal power generation, which has attracted the attention of governments and academia in recent years. To effectively reduce environmental pollution, research should study how to constrain the undesirable output of thermal power plants, that is, to limit the total undesirable output of the plants to a certain fixed sum. However, few studies have suggested that these undesirable outputs should be fixed-sum outputs. Moreover, no previous research publication about thermal power plants has analyzed their environmental performance changes. To address these gaps, a novel Malmquist-DEA approach is proposed for evaluate the environmental performance of thermal power plants in this paper. This approach generalizes the equilibrium efficient frontier DEA model with fixed-sum undesirable outputs and incorporates the model into the Malmquist productivity index (MPI). The authors apply this approach to the analysis of provincial thermal power plant environmental performance in China and analyze such plants’ trends based on panel data from 2011 to 2014. The empirical research shows that the environmental performance of regional thermal power plants was positively affected by efficiency change and negatively affected by technical change. Finally, the authors provide policy suggestions based on our findings.

     

Azimuth resolution improvement for spaceborne SAR images with quasi-non-overlapped Doppler bandwidth

The azimuth resolution improvement problem is solved via a coherent combination of synthetic aperture radar （SAR） ima-ges with the quasi-non-overlapped Doppler bandwidth. Prior to the spectra combination, SAR images should be coregistered, while phase biases induced by topography, atmospheric propagation delays and baseline measurement errors should be calibrated. However, the coregistration accuracy suffers from large Doppler decorrelation caused by the quasi-non-overlapped Doppler band-width. Furthermore, the method used to estimate phase biases from interferogram of azimuth prefiltered SAR image pairs wil fail when there is no overlapped spectrum. The fringe simulation and maximum sharpness optimization are adopted to deal with the problems. Accordingly, a novel algorithm to coherently synthesize SAR images is presented. The experiment with the Terra SAR X-band （TerraSAR-X） satel ite data validates the performance of the presented method.