黄颡鱼头骨的研究

黄颡鱼是广布于我国各江河湖泊的一种习见小型经济鱼类,生活水流底层。其头骨共有126块;无顶骨、后耳骨和下鳃盖骨,有续软骨存在。犁骨、前颌骨、齿骨上都具铺石状牙齿;上颌骨、腭骨不具齿而异常特化成棒状小骨以支持触须。舌颌骨、方骨、中翼骨、外翼骨发育良好。前鳃盖骨失去鳃盖作用而参与悬器的形成。     

声光辐射对小麦育种的影响

试验料材选用粒大、色白、品质好的6811(1)-81小麦品系.色光辐射源采用高频超声设备,输出最大电功率300W,频效1.1MHz,换能器输出声能经声透镜聚焦后,焦区平均声强度50W/cm~2;光源采用氦氖激光器,光斑直径3mm.光束垂直于声波传播方向,直接照射于声场焦区内.     

抛物面与柱面斜交相贯线上最右点的解析与作图

本文利用解析画法几何的方法,建立抛物面与柱面斜交相贯线的参数方程。通过对该方程的分析,找出了最右点的几何条件,由此而得出了一种简单而实用的求最右点的作图方法     

内蒙古达来诺尔地区全新世湖群地貌特征及其演化

从全新世以来湖泊地貌特征入手,结合~(14)C年代数据,探讨了湖泊退缩演化的基本规律和程序:全新世湖泊演化历经早期的大湖时期,中期的分离时期和晚期的继续收缩时期。指出达来诺尔湖群的演化,明显受气候干旱化趋势的控制和影响,在我国北方高原区域内具有一定的可比性,并确定了各时期湖泊演化的基本参数。     

示差脉冲极谱法研究—Ⅷ可逆波的分辨率

本文提出了示差脉冲极谱可逆波分辨率(Ra)的定义和公式,据此可以根据半波电位和波的宽度计算出相邻两个示差脉冲极谱波的分开的程度。如果R_a=1,两波能分开,R_a=1.5,两波能较好地分开。实验结果与理论预示完全相符。     

建立国民经济应急动员长效机制势在必行--从"防非"实践谈我国应急动员机制的建立

就非典型肺炎的发生、控制、治疗过程，指出了我国突发疫情的信息反馈、组织机构、防治法规、专业队伍建设等方面存在的问题。针对存在的问题，论述了建立全国性疫情、特别是突发性疫情信息系统的必要性和紧迫性。从不同角度提出了完善规范国民经济应急动员机制的措施，对我国建立有力的长效性国民经济应急动员机制有着积极的借鉴意义。     

钠光谱分析中运算方法的改进

本文对近代物理实验项目《钠原子光谱的拍摄与分析》的传统教学内容提出了改进,并将微机引入了实验教学。     

Trak1 mutation disrupts GABA(A) receptor homeostasis in hypertonic mice

Hypertonia, which results from motor pathway defects in the central nervous system (CNS), is observed in numerous neurological conditions, including cerebral palsy, stroke, spinal cord injury, stiff-person syndrome, spastic paraplegia, dystonia and Parkinson disease. Mice with mutation in the hypertonic (hyrt) gene exhibit severe hypertonia as their primary symptom. Here we show that hyrt mutant mice have much lower levels of gamma-aminobutyric acid type A (GABA(A)) receptors in their CNS, particularly the lower motor neurons, than do wild-type mice, indicating that the hypertonicity of the mutants is likely to be caused by deficits in GABA-mediated motor neuron inhibition. We cloned the responsible gene, trafficking protein, kinesin binding 1 (Trak1), and showed that its protein product interacts with GABA(A) receptors. Our data implicate Trak1 as a crucial regulator of GABA(A) receptor homeostasis and underscore the importance of hyrt mice as a model for studying the molecular etiology of hypertonia associated with human neurological diseases.     

Parallel adaptive origins of digestive RNases in Asian and African leaf monkeys

Similar morphological or physiological changes occurring in multiple evolutionary lineages are not uncommon. Such parallel changes are believed to be adaptive, because a complex character is unlikely to originate more than once by chance. However, the occurrence of adaptive parallel amino acid substitutions is debated. Here I propose four requirements for establishing adaptive parallel evolution at the protein sequence level and use these criteria to demonstrate such a case. I report that the gene encoding pancreatic ribonuclease was duplicated independently in Asian and African leaf-eating monkeys. Statistical analyses of DNA sequences, functional assays of reconstructed ancestral proteins and site-directed mutagenesis show that the new genes acquired enhanced digestive efficiencies through parallel amino acid replacements driven by darwinian selection. They also lost a non-digestive function independently, under a relaxed selective constraint. These results demonstrate that despite the overall stochasticity, even molecular evolution has a certain degree of repeatability and predictability under the pressures of natural selection.