蜡乳液的研究及其应用

本文研究了蜡乳液的制备及其影响因素,乳化剂的选择、用量、加入方式、乳化温度与时间、搅拌速度等.确定了制备蜡乳液的最佳工艺条件,并阐述了蜡乳液在皮革、纺织、汽车、人造板、造纸等工业中的应用.     

基于人工蜂群优化支持向量机回归的隧道塌方风险预测

为预测隧道塌方风险等级,减少隧道塌方引起的灾害事故,建立基于人工蜂群(artificial bee colony, ABC)优化支持向量机回归(support vector machine regression, SVR)隧道塌方风险预测模型。首先,从工程地质、水文气象、设计因素、施工因素4个方面综合考虑,遴选13个主要影响因素,建立隧道塌方风险指标体系;其次,引入人工蜂群算法优化SVR的核参数C和惩罚参数g,解决传统SVR稳定性低的缺陷,提高模型的精确度,为验证模型性能采用相关系数(R²)、均方误差(mean squared error, MSE)、均方根误差(root mean squared error, RMSE)评价参数对比分析;最后,以新疆北部某供水工程为研究对象,对隧道塌方风险测试样本进行预测,分别将ABC-SVR、PSO-SVR、GA-SVR及SVR模型对比分析。研究结果表明：ABC-SVR预测结果为100%,PSO-SVR预测结果为83.3%,GA-SVR和SVR均为66.67%,ABC-SVR的预测结果与实际工程结果一致性更高,可为隧道塌方风险...     

基于WRF模式研究动态风场对林火蔓延预测的影响——以西昌“3·30”森林火灾为例

风场是影响林火蔓延行为最关键的因素之一。许多林火发生在地形复杂多变的山区,会产生复杂的局部风场。为探究动态风场对林火蔓延预测的影响,以“3·30”西昌泸山森林火灾为研究对象,利用WRF(weather research and forecasting)模式模拟动态风场,并与林火蔓延模型耦合。分别将模拟风场和均一风场分别输入林火蔓延模型,基于林火蔓延过程中实际火场范围数据,分析动态风场对林火蔓延模型预测结果的影响。结果表明,耦合WRF模式和林火蔓延模型考虑了分辨率更高、且更为准确的局部风场,能够实现对森林火灾蔓延的动态模拟。预测得到的火场范围和均一风场相比,与实际范围具有更高的相似度。     

基于机器学习可解释性算法的岩爆指标分析

为探究弹性能指数、应力系数、脆性系数、埋深四种岩爆指标与岩爆等级之间的相关关系,解决复杂机器学习算法的黑盒问题。本文引入LIME(local interpretable model agnostic explanations)算法,完善岩爆机器学习预测过程中的可解释性。文章搜集国内外190组岩爆实例工程构建数据集经过预处理后,通过9种机器学习算法比较获得最优算法并采用贝叶斯优化获得算法最优参数,建立岩爆预测模型。基于LIME可解释性算法,对四种岩爆指标进行相关、回归及阈值分析,最后采用弹性能指数及应力系数两种指标阈值对终南山隧道竖井工程进行岩爆预测。研究结果表明：(1) 岩爆等级与弹性能指数、应力系数呈线性相关,且弹性能指数线性关系更明显;(2) 岩爆等级与脆性系数、埋深呈非线性相关,且脆性系数非线性关系更明显;(3) 4个岩爆指标对岩爆等级影响程度依次为：弹性能指数、应力系数、埋深、脆性系数;(4) LIME算法可以准确地表达岩爆等级与岩爆指标之间的相关关系且得到的两种指标阈值与终南山隧道竖井工程实例具有一致性。     

促进畜牧业高质量发展的技术与实现路径

畜牧业是农业经济的重要组成部分。2020年数据显示,我国肉类人均占有量超过世界平均水平,但低于欧美发达国家,禽蛋人均占有量达到发达国家水平,肉蛋奶的供应关乎百姓“菜篮子”安全。但畜牧业仍存在着相关产业体系发展质量效益不高、产品质量和安全性问题仍然存在、资源和环境约束日趋严峻、支持保障体系不健全、抵御风险能力偏弱等突出问题。畜禽产业是我国农业经济的重要支柱产业,实施畜禽产业转型升级创新工程,将有利于引领我国畜禽产业转型,适应畜禽养殖新形势和推动供给侧改革,对满足人民不断提高的优质动物蛋白产品需求、对美好生活的向往具有重大而深远的战略意义。本文就畜牧业相关问题和促进其高质量发展的技术与实现路径做一探讨。     

技术创新中的主体间性问题

考察技术创新主体的问题。根据不同技术创新主体的定义,归纳出四种不同的划分。认为现有的关于技术创新主体的哲学研究中,忽视了哲学范式由主体性哲学向主体间性哲学的转向,因而无法更好解释上述不同划分的事实与现象,影响到技术创新哲学研究中新课题的发现与研究。试图通过分析这些定义方式所依据的哲学根源,指出由于摆脱了将技术创新与社会非法剥离的做法,主体间性理论是对技术创新主体提供合理解释的哲学依据,并且能够推动技术创新哲学研究的深入发展。     

酒店英语项目教学设计与实践

在酒店英语课程教学中,以酒店工作流程为主线的项目教学有非常强的指向性,有助于学生实践操作。通过分析酒店英语教学现状,提出项目教学的设计思路,实施课程教学的目标、内容和要点,使学生能运用英语与宾客进行沟通并处理有关业务。     

Mutations in UBQLN2 cause dominant X-linked juvenile and adult-onset ALS and ALS/dementia

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a paralytic and usually fatal disorder caused by motor-neuron degeneration in the brain and spinal cord. Most cases of ALS are sporadic but about 5-10% are familial. Mutations in superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), TAR DNA-binding protein (TARDBP, also known as TDP43) and fused in sarcoma (FUS, also known as translocated in liposarcoma (TLS)) account for approximately 30% of classic familial ALS. Mutations in several other genes have also been reported as rare causes of ALS or ALS-like syndromes. The causes of the remaining cases of familial ALS and of the vast majority of sporadic ALS are unknown. Despite extensive studies of previously identified ALS-causing genes, the pathogenic mechanism underlying motor-neuron degeneration in ALS remains largely obscure. Dementia, usually of the frontotemporal lobar type, may occur in some ALS cases. It is unclear whether ALS and dementia share common aetiology and pathogenesis in ALS/dementia. Here we show that mutations in UBQLN2, which encodes the ubiquitin-like protein ubiquilin?2, cause dominantly inherited, chromosome-X-linked ALS and ALS/dementia. We describe novel ubiquilin?2 pathology in the spinal cords of ALS cases and in the brains of ALS/dementia cases with or without UBQLN2 mutations. Ubiquilin?2 is a member of the ubiquilin family, which regulates the degradation of ubiquitinated proteins. Functional analysis showed that mutations in UBQLN2 lead to an impairment of protein degradation. Therefore, our findings link abnormalities in ubiquilin?2 to defects in the protein degradation pathway, abnormal protein aggregation and neurodegeneration, indicating a common pathogenic mechanism that can be exploited for therapeutic intervention.     

New gene functions in megakaryopoiesis and platelet formation

Platelets are the second most abundant cell type in blood and are essential for maintaining haemostasis. Their count and volume are tightly controlled within narrow physiological ranges, but there is only limited understanding of the molecular processes controlling both traits. Here we carried out a high-powered meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) in up to 66,867 individuals of European ancestry, followed by extensive biological and functional assessment. We identified 68 genomic loci reliably associated with platelet count and volume mapping to established and putative novel regulators of megakaryopoiesis and platelet formation. These genes show megakaryocyte-specific gene expression patterns and extensive network connectivity. Using gene silencing in Danio rerio and Drosophila melanogaster, we identified 11 of the genes as novel regulators of blood cell formation. Taken together, our findings advance understanding of novel gene functions controlling fate-determining events during megakaryopoiesis and platelet formation, providing a new example of successful translation of GWAS to function.     

采用新型峰均比降低技术的OFDM功放线性化方案

针对OFDM信号的高峰均比问题,提出了一种将新型峰均比降低技术与数字预失真技术相结合的功率放大器线性化方案.其中,峰均比降低技术由传统的削峰技术、新型的削谷技术和闲置载波技术组成,信号的峰值和谷值同时被削去,峰均比得到最大程度的压缩.传统削峰技术用于降低信号的峰值;新型的削谷技术采用基于切线原理的矢量孔调整法,同时改变...