中性载体DAM推动Ca^2＋离子在水／硝基苯界面的转移

本文用卷积(半微分和半积分)循环伏安法研究了中性载体DAM(二安替比林甲烷)络合推动Ca~(2 )离子在水/硝基苯界面的转移过程,探讨了有关转移过程的机理,测定了相应的扩散系数和配合物的络合稳定常数。     

Rab5 is a signalling GTPase involved in actin remodelling by receptor tyrosine kinases

Rab5 is a small GTPase involved in the control of intracellular trafficking, both at the level of receptor endocytosis and endosomal dynamics. The finding that Rab5 can be activated by receptor tyrosine kinases (RTK) raised the question of whether it also participates in effector pathways emanating from these receptors. Here we show that Rab5 is indispensable for a form of RTK-induced actin remodelling, called circular ruffling. Three independent signals, originating from Rab5, phosphatidylinositol-3-OH kinase and Rac, respectively, are simultaneously required for the induction of circular ruffles. Rab5 signals to the actin cytoskeleton through RN-tre, a previously identified Rab5-specific GTPase-activating protein (GAP). Here we demonstrate that RN-tre has the dual function of Rab5-GAP and Rab5 effector. We also show that RN-tre is critical for macropinocytosis, a process previously connected to the formation of circular ruffles. Finally, RN-tre interacts with both F-actin and actinin-4, an F-actin bundling protein. We propose that RN-tre establishes a three-pronged connection with Rab5, F-actin and actinin-4. This may aid crosslinking of actin fibres into actin networks at the plasma membrane. Thus, we have shown that Rab5 is a signalling GTPase and have elucidated the major molecular elements of its downstream pathway.     

Increasing dominance of large lianas in Amazonian forests

Ecological orthodoxy suggests that old-growth forests should be close to dynamic equilibrium, but this view has been challenged by recent findings that neotropical forests are accumulating carbon and biomass, possibly in response to the increasing atmospheric concentrations of carbon dioxide. However, it is unclear whether the recent increase in tree biomass has been accompanied by a shift in community composition. Such changes could reduce or enhance the carbon storage potential of old-growth forests in the long term. Here we show that non-fragmented Amazon forests are experiencing a concerted increase in the density, basal area and mean size of woody climbing plants (lianas). Over the last two decades of the twentieth century the dominance of large lianas relative to trees has increased by 1.7-4.6% a year. Lianas enhance tree mortality and suppress tree growth, so their rapid increase implies that the tropical terrestrial carbon sink may shut down sooner than current models suggest. Predictions of future tropical carbon fluxes will need to account for the changing composition and dynamics of supposedly undisturbed forests.     

Dual effect of cannabinoid CB<Subscript>1</Subscript> receptor stimulation on a vanilloid VR1 receptor-mediated response

Cannabinoid CB1 receptors and vanilloid VR1 receptors are co-localized to some extent in sensory neurons of the spinal cord and dorsal root ganglia. In this study, we over-expressed both receptor types in human embryonic kidney (HEK)-293 cells and investigated the effect of the CB1 agonist HU-210 on the VR1-mediated increase in intracellular Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i), a well-known response of the prototypical VR1 agonist capsaicin. After a 5-min pre-treatment, HU-210 (0.1 microM) significantly enhanced the effect of several concentrations of capsaicin on [Ca2+]i in HEK-293 cells over-expressing both rat CB1 and human VR1 (CB1-VR1-HEK cells), but not in cells over-expressing only human VR1 (VR1-HEK cells). This effect was blocked by the CB1 receptor antagonist SR141716A (0.5 microM), and by phosphoinositide-3-kinase and phospholipase C inhibitors. The endogenous agonist of CB1 and VR1 receptors, anandamide, was more efficacious in inducing a VR1-mediated stimulation of [Ca2+]i in CB1-VR1-HEK cells than in VR1-HEK cells, and part of its effect on the former cells was blocked by SR141716A (0.5 microM). Pre-treatment of CB1-VR1-HEK cells with forskolin, an adenylate cyclase activator, enhanced the capsaicin effect on [Ca2+]i. HU-210, which in the same cells inhibits forskolin-induced enhancement of cAMP levels, blocked the stimulatory effect of forskolin on capsaicin. Our data suggest that in cells co-expressing both CB1 and VR1 receptors, pre-treatment with CB1 agonists inhibits or stimulates VR1 gating by capsaicin depending on whether or not cAMP-mediated signalling has been concomitantly activated.     

满足左正则性条件的IC富足半群

一个有限半群是满足左正则性条件的IC富足半群当且仅当它是一个幂等元形成左正则带的纯整超富足半群,但满足左正则性条件的无限IC富足半群不都是幂等元形成左正则带的纯整超富足半群.     

基于小波变换和奇异值分解相结合的加密图像数字水印算法

以一种加密算法和多级小波变换,奇异值分解为基础,提出一种数字水印算法.将原始图像进行多级小波分解,然后对低频部分进行奇异值变换,将加密的水印信息嵌入其中.实验结果表明:该算法不仅具有较好的不可感性,而且对几何变换,如旋转、剪切、镜像,叠加噪声如椒盐、高斯噪声及高斯滤波等均具有很好的鲁棒性.     

创建平安公路构建和谐交通

文章通过分析道路交通事故的原因，提出减少道路交通事故、创建平安公路的对策措施。     

浅谈土工格栅填石路堤质量控制

通过汾柳高速公路土工格栅填石路堤实体工程的实践,论述了土工格栅填石路堤具体的施工工艺及质量控制办法。     

超高压处理对大肠杆菌DH5α质粒DNA的影响

文章研究了超高压处理对大肠杆菌DH5α菌株质粒pMD-18DNA的影响.大肠杆菌DH5α在不同的压力下于25 ℃处理15 min后,提取其质粒pMD-18DNA,检测质粒在260 nm和280 nm处的吸光度得到其纯度,并进行了琼脂糖凝胶电泳.实验发现:大肠杆菌DH5α质粒pMD-18DNA经100 MPa、200 MPa处理后其A260、A280与未经高压处理样相比吸光度下降;而经300 MPa、400 MPa和500 MPa处理后其吸光度与未经高压处理样相比吸光度上升.通过琼脂糖凝胶电泳分析,大肠杆菌DH5α质粒DNA经高压(300 MPa、400 MPa和500 MPa)后条带增多.实验结果表明超高压处理影响了质粒DNA的结构.     

四川盆地及其周缘五峰组—龙马溪组黑色页岩特征

从源岩到储层的思路,探讨了四川盆地及其周缘上奥陶统五峰组-下志留统龙马溪组沉积特征、储层特征及含气性特征。通过对野外露头样品进行地球化学分析、矿物学分析和等温吸附实验,表明五峰组-龙马溪组:①下段黑色页岩段沉积环境为深水陆棚;②岩性有硅质岩、黑色页岩、粉砂岩、生物灰岩及斑脱岩等5种;③下段黑色页岩段有效页岩厚度达到50m,TOC质量分数平均值为3.81%,成熟度平均值为1.62%,脆性矿物中石英的质量分数平均值为54.94%,从底到顶石英含量与TOC含量成正相关;④微孔可分为粒间孔、粒内孔、有机质孔及微裂缝4类,最具油气意义的是有机质孔和黏土片间孔;⑤吸附量Langmuir体积参数介于1.52～3.01cm3/g之间,均值为2.33cm3/g,黑色页岩中的有机质微孔是控制含气量的主要因素。