天然气掺氢火花点火发动机性能与排放研究

在一台燃用CNG／H2混合燃料的火花点火发动机上，开发了一个电子控制单元（ECU）来控制发动机点火提前角和混合气浓度，并研究了不同掺氢比（氢气的体积分数分别为0%、10％、20％和26％）对发动机性能和排放的影响．研究结果表明：天然气掺氢后发动机功率和有效热效率有所降低；在相同过量空气系数下，随着掺氢比的增加，发动机的最佳点火提前角推迟，HC、CO2排放得到降低，NOx排放有所增加．掺氢后可以提高发动机的稀燃极限，在稀燃下可以得到较低的HC、CO、CO2和NOx排放。     

四川省桂花品种调查与分类研究

在对四川省几个桂花(Osmanthus fragrans(Thunb．)Lour)主要栽培区调查的基础上,根据形态特征的差异性,确定了140余个桂花标准株,分别对各标准株进行形态登记,包括枝条、叶、花器、果实及种子等方面的性状。对这些性状进行综合分析,获得以下结果:(1)以刘玉莲体系为依据,对选定的各标准株进行了分类与鉴定,共鉴定出 59个桂花品种,其中四季桂品种群6个,银桂品种群16个,金桂品种群24个,丹桂品种群13个。新记载桂花品种 34个,其中四季桂品种群1个,银桂品种群9个,金桂品种群16个,丹桂品种群8个。(2)对各品种群编制了品种分类检索表。(3)果实和种子的性状十分稳定,可以作为除花部特征以外进行分类的主要依据。(4)在对观赏性综合比较基础上,推荐4个观赏价值大、具有推广前景的优良品种,另外10个品种具有较大发展前景。     

Neural network model for the constitutive relations of soil

0　ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＡｃｃｏｒｄｉｎｇｔｏｔｈｅｄｉｆｆｅｒｅｎｔｔｈｅｏｒｉｅｓａｐｐｌｉｅｄｉｎｔｈｅｅｓｔａｂｌｉｓｈｉｎｇｃｏｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｉｖｅｍｏｄｅｌ,ｔｈｅｃｏｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｉｖｅｍｏｄｅｌｉｓｇｅｎｅｒａｌｌｙｇｒｏｕｐｅｄｉｎｔｏｔｗｏｃａｔｅｇｏｒｉｅｓ :ｅｌａｓｔｉｃｍｏｄｅｌａｎｄｅｌａｓｔｏ ｐｌａｓｔｉｃｍｏｄｅｌ.Ａｓｏｎｅｏｆｔｈｅｅｌａｓｔｉｃｍｏｄｅｌｓ,Ｄｕｎｃａｎ Ｃｈａｎｇ’ｓｍｏｄｅｌ[1] ｉｓｗｉｄｅｌｙａｐｐｌｉｅｄｉｎｅｎｇｉｎｅｅｒｉｎｇｐｒ…     

关于求广义强非线性补问题和拟补问题的逼近解的迭代算法(英)

研究求广义强非线性补问题和拟补问题的逼近解的迭代算法．作为特例,概括了该领域中一些熟知的结果．我们的结果推广、改进和补充了先前由几位作者包括Noor,Chang与Huang及Li与Ding得到的早期和最近的结果．     

四对羟基苯基杯[4]间苯二酚芳烃的合成及其性质研究

本文报道了２,８,１４,２０－四对羟基苯基杯［４］间苯二酚芳烃的合成及其化学反应性质（乙酰化、丁酰化、甲基化、苄基化）．讨论了反应温度,反应时间,溶剂效应等因素对反应的影响。各产物通过ＩＲ、１ＨＮＭＲ以及ＭＳ进行了表征。     

长江中下游地区地下水的Ni,Ti,Mo元素的形成及其分布规律

根据国家科技攻关研究的结果,论证了长江中下游地区地下水中Ｎｉ,Ｔｉ,Ｍｏ元素的形成、含量及其分布规律与地下水的含水介质成分、氧化还原环境以及地下水酸碱度的关系。     

螺旋藻水溶性多糖的分离纯化

螺旋藻干粉经乙醇脱脂后用水提取,乙醇沉淀,并经凝胶Ｓｅｐｈａｄｅｘ－Ｇ柱层析精制,获得４种螺旋藻制多糖ＳＰＡ－１,ＳＰＡ－２,ＳＰＡ－３,ＳＰＡ－４,研究表明均为均一多糖组分。     

The mass recognizing property of DLC film for formic acid vapors

The carbon films are prepared by r. f. plasma method with n-butylamine as carbon source. The analysis of Raman spectrosewpy shows that this kind of carbon film has diamond-like structure, and IR spectroscopy measurement indicats that there are SP² bonding, SP³ bonding and amino-group in the film. It is the existence of amino-group and hydrogen atom that cause the amorphous structure and the deformation of bonding to increase, thus leading the Raman spectrum to form a broad absorption band. The quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) deposited with this kind of carbon film as recognizing coating is very sensitive to formic acid vapors. This QCM sensor has good reproducibility, high stability, rapid response and long lifetime.     

Expression of biologically active human clotting factor IX (hF IX) in the mammary gland of transgenic mice

The DNA of human factor IX (hF IX) gene vector pMC IX m, which had been proven to be able to express inin vitro and living cells, was introduced into 586 zygotes of Kunming Whlte Mice by positive pressure microinjection technique with manual operation. The 499 survival embryos after microinjection were then transferred into pseudopregnant recipient mice and 216 F, pups were born. The analysis of PCR and Southern blot hybridization showed that, of the 216, 6 (2 females and 4 males) were integrated with foreign DNA in their genornes, giving an integration frequency of 3% (6/216). Two F₀ female transgenic mice could express hF IX protein in their milk and the content was over 100 ng/mL as measured with ELISA. The biological activities of hF IV in the milk of two F₀ mike were 44.67 % and 79.43 %, respectively.     

Method of determining grid sizes of finite element method of water quality models for geometrically complex river course

The method of determining grid sizes of finite element method of water quality models is presented on the basis of characteristics of pollutant distributed in the just downstream grid of discharge. A given length of the grid is applied to calculate the minimum distance for the pollutant to complete mixing in the lateral direction n the just downstream grid of the discharge, and the minimum distance is regarded as the maximum width of the grid. Application of the maximum width of the grid and flow rate per unit width of the river results in the number of flow zones in the lateral direction of the river. Consequently division of grids and numerical calculation of water quality with finite clement method can be carried out on the basis of available method and topographic map of the river course. Analysis of scnsitivity shows that the effect of the width of the river and the effect of the length of the grids on the minimum number of flow zones in the lateral direction is relatively small, and that the effect of the given lateral mixing degree of the pollutants on the minimum number of flow zones is acceptable, which indicates that the method presented is relatively stable. The method can avoid thc blindness and randomness in determining the number of flow zones, and can decrease the amount of computation under the condition that the accuracy requirement is mct. The problem that determining the sizes of the grids must rely on empirical knowledge has bcen solved.