响应面法优化超声波辅助提取红曲米中水溶性色素

研究了红曲米中水溶性色素的超声波辅助提取法的提取工艺.在单因素实验的基础上,采用响应面法研究了超声时间、液料比和超声功率对提取液色价的影响,建立了二次回归模型,得到了提取工艺的最优条件.研究结果表明以上3因素对红曲米中水溶性色素的提取均有显著影响.在提取工艺条件:超声时间为20.6 min,液料比为32.2∶1,超声功率为730 W下提取,红曲米中水溶性色素的色价达到最大值,为570.5 U/g.     

Serum levels of perfluorinated compounds in the general population in Shenzhen, China

Perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) have been detected in many environmental matrices, biota, and nonoccupationally exposed populations in China recently. However, little is known about the distribution and levels of various PFCs in the general population living in areas where there is PFC exposure. In the present study, the levels and prevalence of ten target PFCs were determined in 227 serum samples from a population of nonoccupationally exposed individuals in Shenzhen, China. Results indicated that human exposure to PFCs was prevalent in Shenzhen. Perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) was the dominant PFC contaminant in the serum samples, with a median concentration of 6.72 ng/mL, followed by perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) with a median concentration of 2.07 ng/mL. Other PFCs were detected at much lower concentrations, with median concentrations ranging from 0.02 to 0.87 ng/mL. Statistically, no significant (P>0.05) gender differences were observed for any of the PFCs. Significant (P<0.01) positive correlations were found between age and serum concentrations of the target PFCs, except for perfluorobutane sulfonate (R = 0.16, P = 0.01), perfluorohexanoic acid (R = 0.08, P = 0.22), and perfluoroheptanoic acid (R = 0.11, P = 0.10). Based on the one-compartment pharmacokinetic model, the total daily intakes of PFOA and PFOS for the general population in Shenzhen were calculated as 0.63 and 0.20 ng/kg body weight/day, respectively.     

Rolling-induced microstructure change in Zr_(65)Al_(7.5)Ni_(10)Cu_(12.5)Ag_5 bulk metallic glass

The microstructures and free-volume evolutions of as-cast and pre-annealed Zr65Al7.5Ni10Cu12.5Ag5 bulk metallic glasses during rolling deformation have been investigated. No phase transformation is detected in the as-cast/rolled specimen. However,the structural stability of the glass against plastic deformation is worse after pre-annealing,indicated by nanocrystallization in preannealed/rolled specimens with large deformation degrees. Moreover,with increasing deformation degree,the free-volume content in a ...     

Forced response of atmospheric oscillations during the last millennium simulated by a climate system model

Variations in global atmospheric oscillations during the last millennium are simulated using the climate system model FGOALS_gl. The model was driven by reconstructions of both natural forcing (solar variability and volcanic aerosol) and anthropogenic forcing (greenhouse gases and sulfate aerosol). The model results are compared against proxy reconstruction data. The reconstructed North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) was out of phase with the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) in the last millennium. During the ...     

K2O对氧化物原料合成Al8B4C7的影响

采用硼砂、金属铝和碳粉为原料一步合成Al8B4C7.在合成过程中掺入不同含量的K2O,研究杂质K2O对合成Al8B4C7的影响.将原料混合均匀,在200MPa的压力下压制成φ20mm×20mm的圆柱型试样,将干燥后的试样在不同温度下的流动氩气气氛中进行合成.利用化学分析、XRD和SEM等分析测试技术,研究了K2O含量以及烧结温度对反应合成材料物相组成和显微结构的影响.结果表明:尽管加入不同含量的K2O,但其高温烧结反应后,若K2O的质量分数在0.019%～0.028%之间,就不出现含K的新相.K2O的加入不利于Al8B4C7的合成,它可将Al8B4C7的开始生成温度提升至1 400℃,而且1 700℃时,Al8B4C7含量较不加入K2O时明显减少.添加K2O合成的Al8B4C7为1μm左右大小的无规则小颗粒.     

脉冲耦合神经网络的人脸识别方法

 在脉冲耦合神经网络(PCNN,pulse coupled neural network)中,基于神经元脉冲震荡的时间序列概念,利用平均时间序列和平均欧氏距离的方法实现了人脸识别.实验仿真表明了该方法的有效性,对不同人脸和复杂表情的人脸均具有较好的识别效果.     

柱心为A53的SD型拟本原置换群的次轨道

 分析了SD型拟本原置换群的作用,确定了柱心为A₅³的SD型拟本原置换群G的次轨道的个数及其长度,从而确定了所有G弧传递图的度数.     

基于时序植被指数的东北地区耕地生长季特征识别与应用研究

基于多时相遥感信息可以有效反映区域尺度上作物物候期特征的原理,利用1998—2009年期间的SPOT/VGT NDVI逐旬时间序列数据,采用TIMESAT软件集成的非对称高斯函数拟合方法对数据序列进行平滑重构处理,进而根据拟合曲线变化特征定义并提取了我国东北地区耕地生长季特征参数（包括生长季开始期、峰值期、结束期与生长...     

海洋有害赤潮调控功能菌的发现与研究

近年来,赤潮的微生物调控研究受到了科学界的高度重视,"以菌治藻"的赤潮调控理念格外引人注目.先从国内外抑/杀藻菌及其作用方式的研究进展进行论述,再结合本课题组近年来筛选获得的海洋抑/杀藻细菌,探讨该类菌质资源的发掘与利用,最后对该领域研究进行了展望.     

一类半线性抛物方程的外推非均匀网格有限差分方法

作者针对一维分布控制方程构造了一类外推非均匀网格差分格式,证明了差分格式解的存在唯一性和收敛性,并通过数值试验验证了理论分析的正确性.