2019年先进纤维复合材料研发热点回眸

高性能纤维复合材料作为典型的先进纤维复合材料,无论在军用还是民用领域都拥有极为广泛的应用前景,近年来已成为世界各国研究的热点和重点。通过回顾2019年全球范围内高性能纤维复合材料在新产品、新工艺以及新市场等方面取得的科技进展,对美国、日本、欧洲和中国高性能纤维复合材料的研究重点进行了总结并分析了未来高性能纤维复合材料的发展趋势。     

南海成因：岩石圈破裂与俯冲带相互作用新认识

南海深部计划与国际大洋钻探航次取得了一系列创新进展与重大突破:1)发现南海陆缘岩石圈减薄之初未出现地幔蛇纹岩出露,且岩浆迅速出现;2)新提出南海不是"小大西洋",而是"板缘张裂"盆地,与经典的大西洋型"板内张裂"陆缘模式不同;3)揭示南海受到俯冲带的强烈控制,提出俯冲诱发地幔上涌并影响南海岩浆活动。     

新晃再生稻的生长与气象条件分析

为充分利用气候资源,提高新晃侗族自治县(以下简称新晃县)粮食总产量,结合该县再生稻生长的实际生产情况,通过对新晃县国家一般站1981—2018年38年气候资料和具有代表性的5个区域站2018年气象资料进行分析、对比和研究。结果表明:①≥10℃、10～22℃的活动积温随站点海拔的升高而线性减少(已通过置信度为0.01的显著性检验);②新晃县低海拔地区(400 m以下),热量资源相对较多,是可以满足再生稻种植条件;③适宜该县再生稻生长的主要生育期时间可以安排为:4月上旬播种、7月上旬前季稻抽穗扬花、8月中下旬前季稻收割再生季发苗、9月上旬再生稻安全齐穗。     

Plasmonic biosensors and nanoprobes based on gold nanoshells

Gold nanoshells (GNSs), consisting of a dielectric core coated with gold, have gained extensive attention as they show readily tunable optical properties and good biocompatibility. As highly sensitive and label-free optical biosensors with wide applications, GNSs have been investigated in many fields including drug delivery, immunoassay, cancer treatment, biological sensing and imaging. Taking advantage of the adjustability of the local surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) and the sensitivity of the surfaceenhanced Raman scattering (SERS) signal of GNSs, we have developed diverse applications including plasmonic biosensors and nanoprobes based on GNSs. In this review we introduce plasmonic and electromagnetic properties and fabrication methods of GNSs. We describe research progress in recent years, and highlight several applications of GNSs developed by our group. Finally we provide a brief assessment of future development of GNSs as plasmonic materials that can be integrated with complementary analytical techniques.     

Power law and small world properties in a comparison of traffic city networks

We analyze the statistical properties of the urban public bus networks of two cities (Beijing and Chengdu) in China. To this end, we present a comprehensive survey of the degree distribution, average path length, and clustering of both networks. It is shown that both networks exhibit small world behavior and are hierarchically organized. We also discuss the differences between the statistical properties displayed by the two networks. In addition, we propose a weight distribution approach to study the passenger flow through the public bus networks we considered. A hierarchical structure is observed here also.     

变压器局放宽频带监测及数字陷波去噪方法

传统的局部放电测量系统频率带宽通常为数10 kHz.随着计算机技术和信号处理技术的发展,宽频带测量系统比传统的局部放电测量系统具有更高的测量灵敏度,但同时容易受到外部强烈电磁干扰的影响.研制出50 kHz～1 MHz测量频带的大型电力变压器在线监测系统,主要采用前置信号处理系统和二阶级联格形数字陷波器抑制窄带周期性干扰.通过安装于220 kV变电站的变压器局部放电监测系统实测信号分析表明,该系统能够有效提取放电脉冲信号,具有较高的抗干扰能力.     

产业集聚、金融发展对IT企业的R&D投资影响研究

产业集聚和金融发展在推动产业创新力和产业竞争力上发挥着重要作用。在理论分析基础上建立实证检验模型,运用IT上市公司和中国工业经济年鉴等数据,研究产业集聚和金融发展对信息技术企业R＆D投资的影响。结果表明,我国电子信息产业集聚的区域差异大,产业集聚对IT企业R＆D投资有显著的正向影响,但金融发展水平的区域差异相对较小,所在区域的金融发展水平对IT企业R＆D投资的影响不显著。     

Carbon isotopic record of foraminifers in surface sediments from the South China Sea and its significance

Since the 1990s, the papers and data involved withthe South China Sea (SCS) have been emerging in largenumbers in the world as people pay more attention to thepaleoceanography of the SCS. There have been more than100 cores mentioned in papers containing p…     

Co-substituted ATS-type molecular sieves and films for cyclohexane oxidation

Pure CoAPO-36 crystal grains were synthesized by hydrothermal reaction. Porous α-Al₂O₃, stainless steel and K₂Ti₆O₁₃ supported CoAPO-36 films were fabricated using in situ crystallization for the first time. SEM images and XRD measurements demonstrate that a continuous CoAPO-36 film was obtained on the K₂Ti₆O₁₃ substrate. Diffuse reflectance UV-Vis spectra indicate that Co²⁺ has been incorporated into the ATS framework. Both CoAPO-36 crystal grains and the K₂Ti₆O₁₃ supported CoAPO-36 film exhibit satisfactory catalytic activities for the oxidation of cyclohexane.     

纤维素在ZnCl_2水溶液中的溶解性能及再生结构

比较了不同质量分数的ZnCl2水溶液溶解不同聚合度纤维素的能力,发现:质量分数为65.0%以下的ZnCl2水溶液不能溶解纤维素;当ZnCl2水溶液的质量分数达到或超过65.0%时,未被水分子饱和的Zn2+可与纤维素分子链作用,使纤维素溶解,且65.0%的ZnCl2水溶液的溶解效果最佳;随着纤维素聚合度的增大,其溶解性能下降;经ZnCl2水溶液溶解后的再生纤维素的聚合度下降.广角X-射线衍射(WAXD)分析表明再生纤维素为纤维素Ⅱ结晶变体;傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)显示ZnCl2水溶液是纤维素的非衍生化溶剂,且再生纤维素分子内的氢键减弱.