基于模型的汽油机电子节气门控制器设计

摘要： 建立了电子节气门系统模型,并通过系统辨识方法得出模型参数.根据被控电子节气门的摩擦力和非线性回位弹簧模型,设计了前馈非线性补偿控制器.将经过前馈非线性补偿后的电子节气门系统简化成线性系统,并对该线性系统进行H无穷控制器的设计.对设计的H无穷控制器进行离散化,并加入比例控制环节来弥补控制器离散化导致的性能下降.经过试验验证,在前馈非线性补偿器、H无穷控制器和比例控制的作用下,被控电子节气门的性能达到了设计需求.     

一种动态口令认证方案的研究与改进

分析研究了一种动态口令方案,针对其不足,对原方案中认证依据的产生以及连接认证依据的产生进行了改进,增强了原方案的认证依据产生和修改的灵活性,实现了连接认证双方协商产生,并保留了原方案的设计思想。改进方案提高了原方案的整体安全性,并更具实用性。     

桑色素对小鼠T细胞增殖、周期和巨噬细胞分泌NO的影响

目的:研究桑色素(morin)对小鼠T细胞增殖、细胞周期和腹腔巨噬细胞分泌一氧化氮(nitrogen monoxidum,NO)的影响.方法:以佛波醇酯(phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate,PDB)和离子霉素(ionomycin,Ion)联合刺激淋巴结来源的小鼠T淋巴细胞,再以不同终浓度的morin与上述细胞共培养,利用流式细胞术(FCM),以羧基荧光素双醋酸盐琥珀酰脂(carboxyfluorescein diacetate succinimide ester,CFDA-SE)染色检测T细胞的增殖;以碘化丙锭(propidiumiodide,PI)染色分析T细胞的细胞周期;脂多糖(Lipopolysaccharide,LPS)刺激小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞,与不同浓度morin共培养,以Griess反应检测上清液中的NO含量.结果:CFDA-SE染色分析显示,PDB Ion组的增殖指数(proliferation index,PI)为1.70±0.05,各浓度的morin对PDB Ion刺激的T细胞增殖,具有明显地抑制作用,以100 μmol/L的morin抑制作用最明显,PI为1.03±0.01(P＜0.01).细胞周期的分析结果表明,morin组中处于S期的细胞比率较高,与PDB Ion组相比有明显差异.Griess反应检测NO含量的结果显示,各浓度组的morin均抑制LPS刺激巨噬细胞产生NO,100 μmol/L的morin可将LPS刺激巨噬细胞产生NO为(12.89±0.11)μmol/L降低为(7.25±0.05)μmol/L,抑制作用最强.结论:Morin可显著抑制PDB Ion刺激的T细胞增殖;其对增殖的抑制作用主要表现为S期的细胞的阻滞;对LPS刺激巨噬细胞产生的NO也有显著的抑制作用.     

Millennial- and orbital-scale changes in the East Asian monsoon over the past 224,000 years

High-resolution speleothem records from China have provided insights into the factors that control the strength of the East Asian monsoon. Our understanding of these factors remains incomplete, however, owing to gaps in the record of monsoon history over the past two interglacial-glacial cycles. In particular, missing sections have hampered our ability to test ideas about orbital-scale controls on the monsoon, the causes of millennial-scale events and relationships between changes in the monsoon and climate in other regions. Here we present an absolute-dated oxygen isotope record from Sanbao cave, central China, that completes a Chinese-cave-based record of the strength of the East Asian monsoon that covers the past 224,000 years. The record is dominated by 23,000-year-long cycles that are synchronous within dating errors with summer insolation at 65 degrees N (ref. 10), supporting the idea that tropical/subtropical monsoons respond dominantly and directly to changes in Northern Hemisphere summer insolation on orbital timescales. The cycles are punctuated by millennial-scale strong-summer-monsoon events (Chinese interstadials), and the new record allows us to identify the complete series of these events over the past two interglacial-glacial cycles. Their duration decreases and their frequency increases during glacial build-up in both the last and penultimate glacial periods, indicating that ice sheet size affects their character and pacing. The ages of the events are exceptionally well constrained and may thus serve as benchmarks for correlating and calibrating climate records.     

Life Cycle Assessment of Motor Bike and Electric Bike in Urban Areas of China

Motor bikes （m-bike） and electric bikes （e-bike） are widely used in urban areas of China. Life cycle assessment of m-bike and e-bike are presented to compare their energy use and environmental emission in a life cycle span. An m-bike and an e-bike are disassembled to collect material composition data for the life cycle assessment. The results show that e-bike consumes less energy and has less global warming potential （GWP）, biochemical oxygen demand （BOD）, chemical oxygen demand （COD）, suspended solids （SS）, dissolved solids （DS）, hydrocarbons （HC） than m-bike during life cycle. But e-bike generates more solid wastes, and more acidification potential （AP）, heavy metal （HM） than m-bike. Advanced batteries and clean coal fired power plant technologies are recommended to promote e-bike use in urban area.     

一种改进的GPS测码伪距单点定位算法

GPS是通过在同一时刻观测4颗以上的卫星,利用伪距观测量来解算出接收机的位置和钟差。针对传统的迭代最小二乘算法精度依赖于初始值的估计,且迭代计算量大,给出了一种改进的求差算法,即将GPS单点定位的非线性观测方程转化成线性方程直接求解测站坐标。利用VC编程提取出GPS接收机纪录的数据,通过仿真表明该算法计算简单,不需要观测站的初始值,不需要求导计算和迭代计算,从而验证了这种改进算法的优越性。     

Constant darkness is a circadian metabolic signal in mammals

Environmental light is the 'zeitgeber' (time-giver) of circadian behaviour. Constant darkness is considered a 'free-running' circadian state. Mammals encounter constant darkness during hibernation. Ablation of the master clock synchronizer, the suprachiasmatic nucleus, abolishes torpor, a hibernation-like state, implicating the circadian clock in this phenomenon. Here we report a mechanism by which constant darkness regulates the gene expression of fat catabolic enzymes in mice. Genes for murine procolipase (mClps) and pancreatic lipase-related protein 2 (mPlrp2) are activated in a circadian manner in peripheral organs during 12 h dark:12 h dark (DD) but not light-dark (LD) cycles. This mechanism is deregulated in circadian-deficient mPer1-/-/mPer2m/m mice. We identified circadian-regulated 5'-AMP, which is elevated in the blood of DD mice, as a key mediator of this response. Synthetic 5'-AMP induced torpor and mClps expression in LD animals. Torpor induced by metabolic stress was associated with elevated 5'-AMP levels in DD mice. Levels of glucose and non-esterified fatty acid in the blood are reversed in DD and LD mice. Induction of mClps expression by 5'-AMP in LD mice was reciprocally linked to blood glucose levels. Our findings uncover a circadian metabolic rhythm in mammals.     

基于有使用期限的房地产实物期权价值

房地产物业是有法定使用期限的.在市场不确定的条件下,假设价格指数服从几何布朗运动,采用欧式期权定价方法,考虑使用功能折旧和土地使用权摊销,研究具有期间收益和期末资产处置选择权的房地产实物期权价值.房地产实物期权定价与传统的NPV法比较,修正了物业使用期限对市场价格指数的影响,增加了期末资产处置选择权的不确定性看涨期权价值,较全面地反映了保值和增值的房地产投资特征.实证表明,投资持有期的长短和时间进程对实物期权价值有重要影响.     

随焊氩气激冷控制铝/钢薄板焊接应力与变形数值模拟

采用有限元分析软件ANSYS,对不同焊接工艺条件下铝/钢异种金属薄板对接熔钎焊接过程进行数值模拟,建立了TIG电弧热源与氩气冷源模型,将常规焊接和随焊氩气激冷焊接的残余应力与变形进行对比分析,研究发现:随焊氩气激冷技术可使焊接纵向残余应力和变形分别降低32.8%和48.1%。为了验证数值模拟结果的准确性,进行了铝/钢异种金属薄板熔钎焊试验,将温度场与应力场的模拟值与试验值进行对比,结果显示两者吻合较好,表明随焊氩气激冷技术可有效控制铝/钢薄板焊接残余应力与变形。     

基于母线传输边际率标准的输电系统扩建规划

提出了一种新的输电系统扩建规划优化方法,首次把母线传输边际率标准与分支限界法相结合。在满足指定负荷区域输电可靠性的前提下,采用母线传输边际率标准,客观上可以最大限度地减小新建输电线路的总体投资。本文所提出输电系统扩展规划模型,可作为一个整数规划问题来解决。提出了一种结合网流理论和最大流-最小分割定理的分支限界法最优化解决策略。以21母线系统为例进行了计算说明,证明了该方法在竞争激烈的电力市场环境下,解决输电系统扩展规划问题的实用性与可行性。