Symmetrical directional cloning: An efficient method to prepare hairpin RNA interference constructs

RNA interference (RNAi) is a loss-of-function approach by which double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) initiates degradation of homologous mRNAs in a sequence specific manner. The dsRNA molecules can be produced in vitro or in vivo, and can be introduced to cells in a number of ways. Here we report a more efficient method for the cloning of inverted repeat DNA fragments into expression vectors that can be transcribed into effective dsRNA molecules in vivo or in vitro. This method, named Symmetrical Directional Cloning (SDC), takes the advantage of compatible non-palindromic restriction enezyme sites, which allow one to directionally clone a single PCR product in both the sense and antisense orientations together into a vector. SDC allows for the directional cloning of inverted repeats using a single PCR product; it requires only one cut site on each side of the loop. Hence this method is more cost effective and less time-consuming. At least 21 commercially available restriction endonucleases can be used as cloning sites for the SDC method. The efficacy of dsRNA expression vectors prepared by SDC has been demonstrated by targeting a negative regulator of the signaling pathway mediating the response of cells to phytohormone, gibberellins (GA), in the aleurone cells.     

Detection of the translational oscillations of the Earth''''s solid inner core based on the international superconducting gravimeter observations

Before about 100 years, the layered structures of the Earths body and the existence of the liquid core had been found, then the solid inner core and detailed structures in the interior of the Earth are demonstrated, it proves that the satisfied achievements had been obtained in recogni-tion of the Earths interior structures. In recent years, with the increasing requirements of the basic sciences and space techniques to geodynamics of the Earths interior, the theoretical study and practical de…     

Simple scaling relations in geodynamics： the role of pressure in mantle convection and plume formation

Scaling relations are important in extrapolating laboratory experiments to the Earth‘s mantle. In planetary interiors, compression becomes an important parameter and it is useful to explore scalings that involve volume. I use simple volume scaling relations that allow one to extrapolate laboratory experiments and upper mantle behavior, in a thermodynamically self-consistent way, to predict lower mantle behavior. The relations are similar to the quasi-har-monic approximation. Slabs and plates have characteristic dimensions of hundreds of kilometers and time constants of 100 million years, but the volume scalings predict order of magnitude higher values in the deep mantle. The scaling relations imply that the deep mantle is a sluggish system with ancient features. They imply irreversible chemical stratification and do not favor the plume hypothesis.     

IKONOS图象的城市土地利用信息提取方法研究

目前，高分辨率遥感图象正愈来愈多地应用于土地与水资源的监测和管理，其中，IKONOS图象数据因其具有较高的空间分辨率和人机交互的解译效果．在省市土地利用信息获取及在城市研究中更具有广阔的应用前景．以南京幅的IKONOS图象数据为基础．以城乡接合部的不同试验区为对象，着重讨论了高分辨率遥感图象城市土地利用信息的提取与分类方法其主要思想是先应用常用的多光谱分类算法对试验区的土地利用现状进行初始的类别划分，然后采用Majority Filtering技术获取图象的上下信息，并给你根据地物的形状特征和空间关系对初始分类结果进行校正与调整．研究结果表明，当初始的类别划分能满足一定精度时，采用本所提出的方法能进一步改善高分辨率图象城市土地利用信息的分类效果．     

草酸盐法合成Li_aNi_(0.7)Co_(0.3)O_2及电化学性能研究

采用草酸盐沉淀及高温固相反应相结合的方法合成了锂离子电池的活性正极材料Li_aNi_(0.7)Co_(0.3)O_2.XRD、SEM及电化学测试数据表明:该材料结晶及层状结构良好,首次充放电比容量为175.4mAh/g和142.9mAh/g,循环30次后放电比容量仍为136.0mAh/g,比容量损失只有4.8%.     

基于Matlab的虚拟现实技术在机器人足球中的应用

在机器人足球比赛中,传统方式是通过摄像头采集图像信息,在信息的传输过程会存在较大的时延问题.利用虚拟现实视觉临场感技术,可以解决时延问题,提高参赛机器人的控制精度.详细介绍了如何在Matlab和Simulink仿真环境中分别建立足球机器人的仿真模型,并对虚拟现实建模语言VRML以及VRML构造器--V-Realm Builer 2.0作了简单的阐述.     

公交IC卡收费系统与客流数据采集、处理

根据目前国内公交收费的发展趋势,设计出用于对客流等数据采集的IC卡自动收费系统,并提出利用它来进行客流等数据采集、处理的新方案.与人工调查相比,它的投入小得多,并且可以提供大量详细、准确的动态数据,对城市公交以及公交的智能化调度、线路的开辟、优化、站点的设置等都具有极其重要的意义.     

Experimental Study and Numerical Simulation of the Casting-Forging Complex Near Net Forming of Alternator Claw-pole

As a newly developed precision technology, casting-forging complex near net forming process is utilized to produce complex components with a short lead time, low cost and high precision, thus to accelerate the response speed of the market and enhance the competitive power of products. In this paper, the casting-forging complex near net forming process of alternator claw pole was developed and investigated with a combination of experimental and numerical simulation method. Qualified near net workpiece was manufactured, mechanical parameter and relative field information during the forming process was also obtained. While the alternator claw-pole is processed with this technology, the forming force is small, the process is short and the quality of forgings is perfect. Therefore, the complex casting-forging near net forming process of claw-pole is an energy and material saving technology, which will have a vast developing and application prospect in the future.     

A Theoretical Approach for Estimating Fracture Toughness of Ductile Metals

Fracture toughness is very important when applying Damage Tolerance Design and Assessment Techniques. The traditional testing approach for obtaining fracture toughness values is costly and time consuming. In order to estimate the fracture toughness of ductile metals, the fracture mechanics theory, materials plastic deformation theory and materials constructive relationships are employed here. A series of formulae and a theoretical approach are presented to calculate fracture toughness values of different materials in the plane stress and plane strain conditions. Compared with test results, evaluated values have a good agreement.     

西昌市家畜血吸虫病流行病学调查

通过对西昌市家畜血吸虫病进行流行病学调查,采集14728头家畜粪便一粪三检,牛、马、猪、犬、羊血吸虫病感染率分别为12.9％、9.0％、7.7％、6.1％和2.9％,并对家畜血吸虫病主要临床表现、传播途径与人群的关系等流行病学特点进行了调查,摸清了我市家畜血吸虫病流行规律,为有效防治提供了科学依据。