The activities of citrate cleavage enzyme,acetyl-CoA synthetase and lipoprotein lipase in white and brown adipose tissue and the liver of the rat during development

Zusammenfassung Während der Rattenontogenese wurde die Aktivität des Citrat-Cleavage-Enzyms und der Acetyl-CoA-Synthetase in der Leber und im braunen und weissen Fettgewebe bestimmt. In allen Geweben wird die Aktivität vor der Geburt höher als nach der Geburt, wobei die Adultwerte nach dem 30. postnatalen Tag erreicht werden. Die Aktivität der Lipoproteinlipase ist im Säuglingsalter gross und sinkt nach der Entwöhnung ab.     

Nitric oxide release from a single cell measured in situ by a porphyrinic-based microsensor.

Nitric oxide is an important bioregulatory molecule, being responsible, for example, for activity of endothelium-derived relaxing factor (EDRF). Acute hypertension, diabetes, ischaemia and atherosclerosis are associated with abnormalities of EDRF. Nitric oxide is thought to be a retrograde messenger in the central nervous system. The technology is not yet available for rapid detection of NO released by a single cell in the presence of oxygen and/or nitrite, so the release, distribution and reactivity of endogenous NO in biological systems cannot be analysed. Here we describe a porphyrinic microsensor that we have developed and applied to monitoring NO release in a microsystem. We selectively measured in situ the NO released from a single cell with a response time of less than 10 ms. The microsensor consists of p-type semiconducting polymeric porphyrin and a cationic exchanger (Nafion) deposited on a thermally sharpened carbon fibre with a tip diameter of approximately 0.5 microns. The microsensor, which can be operated in either the amperometric or voltammetric mode, is characterized by a linear response up to 300 microM and a detection limit of 10 nM. Nitric oxide at the level of 10(-20) mols can be detected in a single cell.     

The C. elegans genome sequencing project: a beginning.

The long-term goal of this project is the elucidation of the complete sequence of the Caenorhabditis elegans genome. During the first year methods have been developed and a strategy implemented that is amenable to large-scale sequencing. The three cosmids sequenced in this initial phase are surprisingly rich in genes, many of which have mammalian homologues.     

Study of flow induced by winding-shaped plasma actuators

How to improve the performance of the plasma actuators is a problem that is of great interest to many scientific researchers in the field of electrohydrodynamics.Professor WANG LianZe and his group from the School of Aerospace,Tsinghua University,set out to investigate     

藏东类乌齐地区始新世钾玄质侵入岩特征及构造环境

往过同岩体位于藏东类乌齐地区往过同,岩石类型为斑状中粒黑云母二长花岗岩,黑云母K-Ar同位素年龄为35 Ma,时代为始新世。往过同花岗岩富硅、铝、碱,高钾贫钛,低铁、镁、钙,在SiO2-K2O和K2O-Na2O图解中样品均落在钾玄岩系列区,岩石系列为钾玄质花岗岩。岩石富集大离子亲石元素和轻稀土元素,负Eu异常;在原始地幔蛛网图上Th强烈富集,Sr呈现低谷负异常,高场强元素Nb、Ta、Ti亏损,表现出钾玄岩的地球化学特征。经分析,并应用构造环境判别图解,往过同花岗岩形成于后碰撞的构造环境。     

The giant electromechanical response in ferroelectric relaxors as a critical phenomenon

The direct conversion of electrical energy to mechanical work by a material is relevant to a number of applications. This is illustrated by ferroelectric 'relaxors' such as Pb(Mg(1/3)Nb(2/3))O(3)-PbTiO(3) (PMN-PT; refs 5, 6): these materials exhibit a giant electromechanical (piezoelectric) response that is finding use in ultrasonic and medical applications, as well as in telecommunications. The origins of this effect are, however, still unclear. Here we show that the giant electromechanical response in PMN-PT (and potentially other ferroelectric relaxors) is the manifestation of critical points that define a line in the phase diagram of this system. Specifically, in the electric-field-temperature-composition phase diagram of PMN-PT (the composition being varied by changing the PT concentration), a first-order paraelectric-ferroelectric phase transition terminates in a line of critical points where the piezoelectric coefficient is maximum. Above this line, supercritical evolution is observed. On approaching the critical point, both the energy cost and the electric field necessary to induce ferroelectric polarization rotations decrease significantly, thus explaining the giant electromechanical response of these relaxors.