试论节奏与排球运动

文章根据节奏现象,及排球运动在竞赛中的节奏性规律的体现。就排球的整体节奏、个体节奏、有效节奏、节奏在比赛所运用等,做了全面论述,论证了节奏在排球运动中的作用,及方法、手段。     

图的完全着色与消色数

在一个给定图中,研究消色数的大小自然是一个问题,但对于一般图而言,确定它们的消色数是非常困难的,这已被Yanaakis and Garri证明.文章刻画了完全κ-部图中消色的数为1,2和3的图并且确定了路图的消色数和极大外可平面图消色数的下界.     

Mediation of virion penetration into vascular cells by association of basic fibroblast growth factor with herpes simplex virus type 1

Herpes simplex virus type-1 (HSV-1) is a ubiquitous pathogen that is associated with considerable morbidity in the general population. Although it is known that the virion uses a basic fibroblast growth factor (FGF) receptor to penetrate vascular cells, it is not known how the viral particle recognizes and binds to this cell surface protein. Here we report that an immunoreactive basic FGF-like protein is associated with the viral particle and that this association appears responsible for viral uptake. Accordingly, HSV-1 infection of Swiss 3T3 cells stimulates the tyrosine phosphorylation of the specific substrate that characterizes the initial cellular response to basic FGF. Antibodies to basic FGF prevent this phosphorylation and inhibit HSV-1 uptake. Because no basic FGF sequence is found in the HSV-1 genome, a model for the infection for some target cells is presented whereby the viral particle uses host cell-derived basic FGF to ensure subsequent infectivity of newly replicated virus.     

Interpretation of Fashion Change through the Thoughts of Hong Kong Young Consumers

Fashion changes frequently, on monthly, seasonal to yearly basis. In different periods of time, people tried to use different theories to explain the concept of fashion change. Traditional views including trickle down theory, collective selection theory, mass market theory and subculture leadership theory. From the viewpoint of contemporary thoughts, symbolic interactionist theory of fashion and the power of the fashion industry were discussed and used to examine fashion images prevailing in Hong Kong. Hong Kong young consumers were selected as study samples. Focus group interviews and questionnaire survey were used as qualitative and quantitative method. Results shows that to accept fashion change, status (working or studying) had influence in interpreting fashion images. In addition, male and female students had different opinion on selected statements of the symbolic interactionist theory of fashion but no difference was found between working subjects. Marketing implications are discussed with refere     

评介《〈创世纪〉与地质学》

《创世纪》与地质学　 [美 ] C.C.吉利思俾著　杨静一译南昌 :江西教育出版社　 1 999年 1 0月　第 1版　 34 0页《〈创世纪〉与地质学》一书于 1 951年出版。它原是该书作者 C.C.吉利思俾在普林斯顿大学攻读博士时的博士论文。我是 1 959年读到这本书的 ,那时我 2 3岁。这是我当时读过的第二本科学史书籍。在剑桥 ,我学习了许多学科 ,也学习了地质学。但是 ,我们的学习从来与科学的历史无关。为什么人要对科学的过去感兴趣 ?我接受的训练是要将我的注意力放在努力理解现代科学上 ,或许多少有助于关注科学的未来。对我来说以及对许多科学…     

Epidermal growth factor receptor function is necessary for normal craniofacial development and palate closure.

Craniofacial malformations are among the most frequent congenital birth defects in humans; cleft palate, that is inadequate fusion of the palatal shelves, occurs with an annual incidence of 1 in 700 to 1 in 1,000 live births among individuals of European descent. The secondary palate arises as bilateral outgrowths from the maxillary processes, and its formation depends on the coordinated development of craniofacial structures including the Meckel's cartilage and the mandible. Cleft lip and palate syndromes in humans are associated with polymorphisms in the gene (TGFA) encoding transforming growth factor-alpha (TGF-alpha), an epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) ligand made by most epithelia. Here we have characterized craniofacial development in Egfr-deficient (Egfr-/-) mice. Newborn Egfr-/- mice have facial mediolateral defects including narrow, elongated snouts, underdeveloped lower jaw and a high incidence of cleft palate. Palatal shelf explants from Egfr-/- mice fused, but frequently had residual epithelium in the midline. In addition, morphogenesis of Meckel's cartilage was deficient in cultured mandibular processes from Egfr-/- embryos. The secretion of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) was diminished in Egfr-/- explants, consistent with the ability of EGF to increase MMP secretion and with the decreased MMP expression caused by inhibition of Egfr signalling in wild-type explants. Accordingly, inactivation of MMPs in wild-type explants phenocopied the defective morphology of Meckel's cartilage seen in Egfr-/- explants. Our results indicate that EGFR signalling is necessary for normal craniofacial development and that its role is mediated in part by its downstream targets, the MMPs, and may explain the genetic correlation of human cleft palate with polymorphisms in TGFA.     

A family of mammalian Na+-dependent L-ascorbic acid transporters.

Vitamin C (L-ascorbic acid) is essential for many enzymatic reactions, in which it serves to maintain prosthetic metal ions in their reduced forms (for example, Fe2+, Cu+), and for scavenging free radicals in order to protect tissues from oxidative damage. The facilitative sugar transporters of the GLUT type can transport the oxidized form of the vitamin, dehydroascorbic acid, but these transporters are unlikely to allow significant physiological amounts of vitamin C to be taken up in the presence of normal glucose concentrations, because the vitamin is present in plasma essentially only in its reduced form. Here we describe the isolation of two L-ascorbic acid transporters, SVCT1 and SVCT2, from rat complementary DNA libraries, as the first step in investigating the importance of L-ascorbic acid transport in regulating the supply and metabolism of vitamin C. We find that SVCT1 and SVCT2 each mediate concentrative, high-affinity L-ascorbic acid transport that is stereospecific and is driven by the Na+ electrochemical gradient. Despite their close sequence homology and similar functions, the two isoforms of the transporter are discretely distributed: SVCT1 is mainly confined to epithelial systems (intestine, kidney, liver), whereas SVCT2 serves a host of metabolically active cells and specialized tissues in the brain, eye and other organs.     

沙漠环境对公路及其防沙体系的影响及对策研究

通过分析沙漠环境对公路及其防沙体系的影响，探讨了保证沙漠公路能够畅通无阻的对策思路，提出了建立完善的沙漠公路沙害防治和道路养护系统的必要性和迫切性，并对系统的组成结构及具体配置等问题进行了初步探讨。     

自触发无序材料的玻璃化转变研究

文章用最近发明的液态低频力学谱方法对典型自触发无序材料（二甲酸二脂系列样品）进行测量，验证了该方法的可信性与有效性，并且表明它能够提供物质变化的丰富信息．研究结果表明，随着分子内部自由度的增加、二甲酸二脂系列的玻璃化转变温度表现出先减小后增加、但脆性是先增加后减小的有趣且难以理解的反常趋势。