A theoretical model for mid-and low-latitude ionospheric electric fields in realistic geomagnetic fields

The geomagnetic fields, which play important roles in the ionospheric dynamo, can greatly affect the global distribution of ionospheric electric fields, currents and other ionospheric electrodynamics phenomena. In the study of ionospheric electrodynamics phenomena, such as the longitudinal variations of ionospheric electric fields, the non-dipolar component of the geomagnetic fields must be taken into account. In this paper, we deduce a theoretical electric field model for ionospheric dynamo at mid- and low-latitude which adopt a modified magnetic apex coordinates system. In the new electric field model, the geomagnetic fields can be calculated from either the IGRF model or the dipole field model, and the neutral winds and conductivities are calculated based on empirical models. Then the dynamo equation for the electric potential is finally solved in terms of the line-by-line iteration method, and the ionospheric electric fields and currents are derived from the calculated potential. Our model can reproduce the main features of the ionospheric electrodynamics processes, so it will be a useful tool for the investigation of the upper atmosphere and ionosphere.     

一个Markov转移概率函数的确定

利用柯尔莫哥洛夫向前方程计算了电话呼唤次数的随机过程的转移概率函数。     

南屯矿63_上10面综采放顶煤开采覆岩移动变形破坏特征研究

本文根据使用新技术──双回路注（放）水系统在６３上１０工作面综采放顶煤开采覆岩破坏的探测结果，结合其它采矿方法的实测结果，应用断裂力学理论，研究了放顶煤开采覆岩移动变形破坏特征，为矿井安全生产提供了依据。     

W_(18)Cr_4V钢真空油淬白亮层、熔化层形成原因的试验研究

W_(18)Cr_4V钢真空加热油淬后,表面出现白亮层和熔化层等异常现象。本文利用金相显微镜,显微硬度计、扫描电子显微镜和电子探针等手段对白亮层和熔化层进行了分析研究。试验表明,白亮层、熔化层均是真空油淬增碳的结果。本文对白亮层、溶化层形成原因进行了比较深入的分析探讨提出了产生白亮层必须同时具备的三个条件。     

中碳钢退火孪晶的形态及形成机制

利用光学显微镜对中碳钢退火孪晶的形态及形成机制进行了研究。退火孪晶是中碳钢过热组织的特征之一。其形态分穿晶型和中止型，分别按横向、纵向机制形核长大。退火孪晶有利于晶粒细化     

应用测力—落刀装置对积屑瘤、鳞刺的研究

本文研制了一种测力—落刀装置,对积屑瘤和鳞剌的某些问题进行了试验研究。结果表明:在积屑瘤存在的区域内,由于刀具实际前角的增加,以及切屑与积屑瘤的接触长度小于自然接触长度,从而导致了切削力的降低。积屑瘤不是整体稳定不变的,也不是高频地整体脱落后再重新生长。而是基体比较稳定,头部产生高频的分裂、成长,其分裂的部分留在工件表面成为鳞剌,同时,引起了切削力的较大波动。切削力动态分量越大,相应的鳞剌高度越高。     

On the Foundations of Constructive Mathematics – Especially in Relation to the Theory of Continuous Functions

We discuss the foundations of constructive mathematics, including recursive mathematics and intuitionism, in relation to classical mathematics. There are connections with the foundations of physics, due to the way in which the different branches of mathematics reflect reality. Many different axioms and their interrelationship are discussed. We show that there is a fundamental problem in BISH (Bishop’s school of constructive mathematics) with regard to its current definition of ‘continuous function’. This problem is closely related to the definition in BISH of ‘locally compact’. Possible approaches to this problem are discussed. Topology seems to be a key to understanding many issues. We offer several new simplifying axioms, which can form bridges between the various branches of constructive mathematics and classical mathematics (‘reuniting the antipodes’). We give a simplification of basic intuitionistic theory, especially with regard to so-called ‘bar induction’. We then plead for a limited number of axiomatic systems, which differentiate between the various branches of mathematics. Finally, in the appendix we offer BISH an elegant topological definition of ‘locally compact’, which unlike the current definition is equivalent to the usual classical and/or intuitionistic definition in classical and intuitionistic mathematics, respectively.     

西酞普兰与舒乐安定治疗广泛性焦虑临床研究对照

目的比较西酞普兰与舒乐安定的抗焦虑效果和副作用.方法符合CCMD-3广泛性焦虑诊断标准60例,随机分为研究组(西酞普兰组)与对照组(舒乐安定组);用汉米尔顿焦虑量表(HAMA)评定症状变化,用TESS评定副反应,疗程6周.结果研究组显效率76.67%,有效率93.33%;对照组显效率73.33%,有效率90.00%,两组疗效无显著差异.研究组副作用有恶心、口干、嗜睡、头痛、便秘,以头痛、呕心、口干为最常见的不良事件.结论西酞普兰治疗广泛性焦虑效果较好,副反应轻.     

安装误差对正交弧齿锥齿轮副接触区影响的分析

本文从理论上分析了正交弧齿锥齿轮副的各种安装误差对啮合接触区的单独影响和综合影响,建立了安装误差作用下齿面接触区的数学模型,并通过具体实例讨论了各项安装误差对啮合接触区单独影响和综合影响的程度以及综合影响的“叠加效应”和“互补效应”,提出了满足接触要求前提下降低安装要求的措施.     

A novel mechanism for jumping in the indian ant<Emphasis Type="Italic">Harpegnathos saltator</Emphasis> (Jerdon) (Formicidae,Ponerinae)

The Indian antHarpegnathos saltator may be unique among insects in using its jumping capacity not only as an escape mechanism but also as a normal means of locomotion, and for catching its prey in flight. High-speed cinematography used to analyse the various phases of the jump suggests thatHarpegnathos employs a novel jumping mechanism to mediate these behaviours: namely the synchronous activation of its middle and hindlegs. Electrophysiological recordings from muscles or nerves in pairs of middle and hindlegs show remarkably synchronous activity during fictive jumping, supporting the synchronous activation hypothesis.Harpegnathos is not the only ant to jump, and a cladistic analysis suggests that jumping behaviour evolved independently three times during ant evolutionary history.