Polycystins 1 and 2 mediate mechanosensation in the primary cilium of kidney cells

Several proteins implicated in the pathogenesis of polycystic kidney disease (PKD) localize to cilia. Furthermore, cilia are malformed in mice with PKD with mutations in TgN737Rpw (encoding polaris). It is not known, however, whether ciliary dysfunction occurs or is relevant to cyst formation in PKD. Here, we show that polycystin-1 (PC1) and polycystin-2 (PC2), proteins respectively encoded by Pkd1 and Pkd2, mouse orthologs of genes mutated in human autosomal dominant PKD, co-distribute in the primary cilia of kidney epithelium. Cells isolated from transgenic mice that lack functional PC1 formed cilia but did not increase Ca(2+) influx in response to physiological fluid flow. Blocking antibodies directed against PC2 similarly abolished the flow response in wild-type cells as did inhibitors of the ryanodine receptor, whereas inhibitors of G-proteins, phospholipase C and InsP(3) receptors had no effect. These data suggest that PC1 and PC2 contribute to fluid-flow sensation by the primary cilium in renal epithelium and that they both function in the same mechanotransduction pathway. Loss or dysfunction of PC1 or PC2 may therefore lead to PKD owing to the inability of cells to sense mechanical cues that normally regulate tissue morphogenesis.     

An ERP study for the degrees of the difficulty in visual search

The present study mainly probed the relationships between ERP components and the degrees of difficulty in visual search. Three experimental and one controlled conditions were randomly selected. Results showed that the P1, N1, and P2 amplitudes and latencies had no significant differences among the three experimental and one controlled conditions, and the ERP waveforms of low perceptual load of visual search were different from that of high perceptual load. These results might indicate that the latencies and amplitudes of initial P1, N1 and P2 in high and low perceptual load conditions were almost the same. The ERP waveforms of parallel search were very different from that of serial search, and the ERP waveforms of serial search were very similar. The P3 amplitudes increased as the degrees of the difficulty in visual search decreased.     

单片机在弯管自动化生产线中的应用

本文重点介绍弯管自动化生产线单片机自动控制系统组成及软件实现方法。     

VR外设驱动的虚拟人姿态优化仿真方法

为解决常用的VR外设为穿戴于操作者身上的位置跟踪器,会给操作者带来额外不便的问题,提出一种基于视觉传感器组合的虚拟人驱动方案,实现简便无标记虚拟人运动实时驱动。引入参数化人体模型SMPL(skinned multi-person linear),通过最小化多个误差项组成的目标函数,改进算法提高虚拟人驱动精度,并计算得到符合真人形态与姿态的拟合人体模型数据,实现操作姿态人机工程学评价。实验结果表明：所提出的虚拟人数据驱动方法具有有效性。     

西安市区降尘的元素特征

通过对西安市降尘的成分和元素含量的分析，并与本区沉积于１．８万ａ前（那时还没有现代化工业）的晚更新马兰黄土的元素含量相比较，对西安市降尘的元素特征和变化进行了研究，同时也探讨了降尘的来源以及空气的污染程度和污染源。     

用水萃取法提取仙人果中的玫瑰红色素

以水为萃取剂,加入L-抗坏血酸作抗氧化剂、果胶酶降解果胶、改性甲壳胺吸附蛋白质.提取仙人果中的玫瑰红色素,此法萃取率高、工艺简单、无污染.     

平面反射对称操作对平均场Hamiltonian的约化

研究了原子核平均场中本征能量的求解．当不存在任何几何对称性时，能量矩阵由２ Ｎ×２ Ｎ个复数矩阵元组成（ Ｎ 为基矢的大小）；如果空间存在１ 个反射对称平面，该２ Ｎ×２ Ｎ复矩阵可约化为１ 对互为共轭Ｎ×Ｎ复矩阵或１ 个２Ｎ×２Ｎ实矩阵；如果存在２ 个互相正交对称平面，则可约化为２ 个Ｎ×Ｎ实矩阵．     

有关改变教学方式的苦干问题析论

对从根本上改变现有的教学方式的必要性做了简要的说明；对长期以来导致教学方式几乎没有根本的改变的原因进行了分析论述；提出了新的教学方式构想以及为实现这一构想所应做的事情。     

模糊蕴涵与作用关系

对社会科学中的两个元素之间的作用关系进行了研究，从而给出了社会关系中的作用关系的描述，讨论了关于Mizumoto蕴涵算法的作用关系的性质、作用规则和模糊作用的逻辑关系，为研究社会关系中的作用关系理论提供了一种数学方法。