等效约束下风激励汽车前侧窗玻璃声辐射分析

为研究风激励下汽车侧窗玻璃表面湍流压力脉动激起玻璃振动而向车内辐射噪声的问题,以某试验车左前侧窗玻璃系统为研究对象,首先基于等效原理,将车窗密封条等效成系列弹簧约束,进行离散化建模,并搭建Matlab-Abaqus联合仿真优化平台,得到最佳等效弹簧刚度,建立侧窗系统约束边界等效模型.接着利用Corcos模型计算得到侧窗表面湍流压力脉动的功率谱密度,作为侧窗等效模型的激励,应用有限元方法计算车内驾驶员人耳处的声辐射.最后应用激光测振仪,获得侧窗表面振动速度分布试验数据,利用边界元方法(半仿真)计算车内声辐射.比较两种方法的计算结果,发现200Hz以上声辐射频谱特性吻合良好,证明了利用玻璃边界等效简化模型与Corcos模型作为激励源计算侧窗玻璃振动引起的声辐射有一定程度的适用性.     

Leaching behavior of V,Pb, Cd,Cr, and As from stone coal waste rock with different particle sizes

This paper investigates the leaching behavior of heavy metals (V, Pb, Cd, Cr, and As) from stone coal waste rocks with various particle sizes using dynamic leaching experiments. The results show that the dissolved concentrations of V and As initially increased and then slightly decreased as time progressed and that the dissolved concentrations of Pb, Cd, and Cr were high in the early stage before decreasing. The particle size of the stone coal waste rocks strongly influenced the heavy metal concentration in the leaching solutions. The effects of the particle size of the stone coal waste rocks on the dissolved concentrations of V, Pb, and As decreased in the order fine fraction > medium fraction > coarse fraction, and the effects of particle size on the dissolved concentrations of Cr and Cd decreased in the order medium fraction > coarse fraction > fine fraction and coarse fraction > medium fraction > fine fraction, respectively. The quantities of heavy metals dissolved from the stone coal waste rock with fine particle sizes were observed to decrease in the order V (17104.36 μg/kg) > As (609.41 μg/kg) > Pb (469.24 μg/kg) > Cr (56.35 μg/kg) > Cd (27.52 μg/kg), and the dissolution rates decreased in the order As (2.96%) > Pb (0.93%) > V (0.35%) > Cd (0.25%) > Cr (0.01%). The specific surface area, pore size of the stone coal waste rocks, and chemical forms of heavy metals also influenced the release of heavy metals from the stone coal waste rocks. Kinetic analysis showed that the dissolution of heavy metals fundamentally agreed with the rate equation controlled by the shrinking core model. The results of this study are expected to serve as a reference for the evaluation of heavy metals contamination from stone coal waste rocks.     

基于主动转矩分配的电动车车道保持辅助控制方法

 针对高速工况下四轮独立驱/制动电动车的车道偏离问题,提出一种基于主动转矩分配的车道保持辅助控制方法。该方法的辅助控制系统分为3层,顶层控制器根据人-车-路信息实时进行辅助控制决策,并计算车道保持所需的横摆响应;中层控制器基于滑模控制算法,计算横摆响应跟踪所需的附加横摆力矩;底层控制器通过主动转矩分配产生附加横摆力矩,干预车辆行驶轨迹,以达到车道保持的目的。采用CarSim/Simulink联合仿真进行高速单移线实验验证,结果表明,提出的基于主动转矩分配的四轮独立驱/制动电动车车道保持辅助控制方法,具有良好的车辆动力学稳定性,在高附路面和低附路面上均能够有效地干预车辆行驶轨迹,防止车辆偏离车道。     

石墨烯复合材料在警车防弹防护方面的研究

研究警车高性能防弹防护材料应用技术,尝试采用石墨烯改性的方式对陶瓷及铝合金的强度、韧性性能进行了改性提升,利用石墨烯改性材料制备了复合防弹板,并进行了实弹射击试验,研究了防弹警车应用可行性.试验结果表明,石墨烯改性可以有效提高陶瓷的断裂韧度,以及铝合金的强度及弹性模量.经53式7.62 mm穿甲弹三次射击,靶板无穿透,用石墨烯改性陶瓷制备的防弹装甲板,可有效降低材料密度,大幅度提高防弹性能,对车辆防弹性能及轻量化技术研究具有一定的参考价值.     

Microstructure characterization and hydrogen storage properties study of Mg2Ni0.92M0.08 (M = Ti, V, Fe or Si) alloys

In the present study Mg_2Ni-type compounds alloyed independently with Ti,V,Fe and Si were successfully prepared by wet-milling followed by sintering.Although these alloyed Mg_2Ni compounds exhibited a similar hydrogen storage mechanism as that of pure Mg_2Ni,the dissolution of Ti,V or Fe into the Mg_2NiH_4lattice had a considerable catalytic effect on hydrogen desorption from additional MgH_2.The further structure investigations clearly indicated that the substitution of Ti for Ni could suppress the formation of the micro-twined low-temperature phase(LT2)and promote the formation of the high-temperature phase(HT),thus resulting in remarkably improved hydrogen desorption kinetics for the Mg_2Ni_(0.92)Ti_(0.08)–H system.     

电动小马达原理分析

由带电导线在磁场里的受力出发,分析了3个简易的电动小马达的转动原理.给出其中的电磁和力的关系,重点讨论了实际转动中,相关其他因素的影响,并给出了其中一种电动小马达的转子角速度随时间的变化规律.     

泵水力设计方法的研究现状

泵是流体输送系统的核心动力源,开展泵优化设计、实现节能降耗一直是流体机械领域的研究热点。文章回顾了基于一元、二元、三元流动理论进行水力设计的各种方法,总结了各个水力设计方法的优缺点;概括了近年来在叶轮、导叶、蜗壳水力设计方面的研究热点和主流方法,为今后泵设计方法的发展奠定了基础。以数值模拟结合三元流动理论和优化算法的设计方法已成为当前开展泵水力设计的主流手段,可以预期,随着计算机计算能力的进一步提高和优化算法的快速发展,泵的水力设计水平将会有大幅度提升并会促进泵行业的整体技术进步。     

基于改进LDA的社会化标签主题识别方法

针对社会化标签中资源之间存在独立同分布特性,并且其对应的标签资源作为资源内容的特殊语义内容,提出一种联合特征词加权-LDA(Joint Feature Word Weighting-LDA)在资源内容和标签下联合主题识别方法,从而解决资源存在的独立同分布特性以及特征词采样等问题.首先建立评论及对应标签资源在信息熵相似度条件下的潜在关系,对该潜在关系使用随机游走方法获取各组资源和各组标签的权值系数,消除资源间的独立同分布.通过加权方法加权至每个资源的特征词,形成资源特征词和标签特征词的权重值系数.在此基础上构建联合特征词加权-LDA模型,通过迭代学习方法获取社会化标签资源的隐含主题知识.通过实验表明,提出的联合特征词加权-LDA相对于其他主题模型具有更好的主题识别效果.     

Leaching behavior of V,Pb,Cd,Cr,and As from stone coal waste rock with different particle sizes

This paper investigates the leaching behavior of heavy metals(V,Pb,Cd,Cr,and As) from stone coal waste rocks with various particle sizes using dynamic leaching experiments.The results show that the dissolved concentrations of V and As initially increased and then slightly decreased as time progressed and that the dissolved concentrations of Pb,Cd,and Cr were high in the early stage before decreasing.The particle size of the stone coal waste rocks strongly influenced the heavy metal concentration in the leaching solutions.The effects of the particle size of the stone coal waste rocks on the dissolved concentrations of V,Pb,and As decreased in the order fine fraction medium fraction coarse fraction,and the effects of particle size on the dissolved concentrations of Cr and Cd decreased in the order medium fraction coarse fraction fine fraction and coarse fraction medium fraction fine fraction,respectively.The quantities of heavy metals dissolved from the stone coal waste rock with fine particle sizes were observed to decrease in the order V(17104.36 μg/kg) As(609.41 μg/kg) Pb(469.24 μg/kg) Cr(56.35 μg/kg) Cd(27.52 μg/kg),and the dissolution rates decreased in the order As(2.96%) Pb(0.93%) V(0.35%) Cd(0.25%) Cr(0.01%).The specific surface area,pore size of the stone coal waste rocks,and chemical forms of heavy metals also influenced the release of heavy metals from the stone coal waste rocks.Kinetic analysis showed that the dissolution of heavy metals fundamentally agreed with the rate equation controlled by the shrinking core model.The results of this study are expected to serve as a reference for the evaluation of heavy metals contamination from stone coal waste rocks.