大宁河两种小型鱼类个体和器官代谢率的比较

[目的]考察三峡库区两种小型鲤科(Cyprinidae)鱼类的个体和器官代谢率.[方法]对大宁河水域分布的红尾副鳅(Paracobitis variegatus)和云南盘鮈(Discogobio yunnanensis)的体质量、器官质量、个体代谢率和器官代谢率进行测定和比较.[结果]在校正体质量后,红尾副鳅在个体静止...     

我国证券市场混沌的判据

本文通过李雅普诺夫指数和吸引子的分数维这两个指数来研究我国证券市场的混沌特征。利用Ｗｏｌｆ提出的重构相空间技术和Ｇ－Ｐ算法分别计算了上证综指日收益率序列的李雅普诺夫指数和吸引子的分数维。从而得出我国证券市场运行于混沌状态的有力证据。     

高分辨率雷达二维图像的图像处理与特征提取

首先分析了雷达目标散射信号特征。在此基础上 ,根据MUSIC算法得到的雷达图像特点 ,通过平滑、量化、增强等适当的图像处理方式对F - 16、HY - 2 0 0 0两种飞机缩比模型在阶梯变频雷达上所获取的雷达图像进行处理 ,并形成雷达二维灰度图 ;最后 ,采用图像矩阵描述方示进行雷达图像的特征提取     

On the Meromorphic Solutions of Linear Differential Equations

In this paper, we investigate the growth of meromorphic solutions of higher order linear differential equation f^（k） ＋Ak-1 （z）e^Pk-1^（z） f^（k-1） ＋…＋A1 （z）e^P1（z） f′ ＋Ao（z）e^Po（z） f = 0 （k ≤ 2）, where Pj（z） （j = 0, 1,..., k - 1） are nonconstant polynomials such that deg Pj = n （j = 0, 1,..., k - 1） and Aj（z）（≠ 0） （j = 0, 1,..., k - 1） are meromorphic functions with order p（Aj） 〈 n （j = 0, 1,..., k - 1）.     

How plants recognize pathogens and defend themselves

Plants have an innate immunity system to defend themselves against pathogens. With the primary immune system, plants recognize microbe-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs) of potential pathogens through pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) that mediate a basal defense response. Plant pathogens suppress this basal defense response by means of effectors that enable them to cause disease. With the secondary immune system, plants have gained the ability to recognize effector-induced perturbations of host targets through resistance proteins (RPs) that mediate a strong local defense response that stops pathogen growth. Both primary and secondary immune responses in plants depend on germ line-encoded PRRs and RPs. During induction of local immune responses, systemic immune responses also become activated, which predispose plants to become more resistant to subsequent pathogen attacks. This review gives an update on recent findings that have enhanced our understanding of plant innate immunity and the arms race between plants and their pathogens. Received 24 June 2007; received after revision 18 July 2007; accepted 15 August 2007     

Ciliary proteins Fap43 and Fap44 interact with each other and are essential for proper cilia and flagella beating

Cilia beating is powered by the inner and outer dynein arms (IDAs and ODAs). These multi-subunit macrocomplexes are arranged in two rows on each outer doublet along the entire cilium length, except its distal end. To generate cilia beating, the activity of ODAs and IDAs must be strictly regulated locally by interactions with the dynein arm-associated structures within each ciliary unit and coordinated globally in time and space between doublets and along the axoneme. Here, we provide evidence of a novel ciliary complex composed of two conserved WD-repeat proteins, Fap43p and Fap44p. This complex is adjacent to another WD-repeat protein, Fap57p, and most likely the two-headed inner dynein arm, IDA I1. Loss of either protein results in altered waveform, beat stroke and reduced swimming speed. The ciliary localization of Fap43p and Fap44p is interdependent in the ciliate Tetrahymena thermophila.     

The growth plate’s response to load is partially mediated by mechano-sensing via the chondrocytic primary cilium

Mechanical load plays a significant role in bone and growth-plate development. Chondrocytes sense and respond to mechanical stimulation; however, the mechanisms by which those signals exert their effects are not fully understood. The primary cilium has been identified as a mechano-sensor in several cell types, including renal epithelial cells and endothelium, and accumulating evidence connects it to mechano-transduction in chondrocytes. In the growth plate, the primary cilium is involved in several regulatory pathways, such as the non-canonical Wnt and Indian Hedgehog. Moreover, it mediates cell shape, orientation, growth, and differentiation in the growth plate. In this work, we show that mechanical load enhances ciliogenesis in the growth plate. This leads to alterations in the expression and localization of key members of the Ihh-PTHrP loop resulting in decreased proliferation and an abnormal switch from proliferation to differentiation, together with abnormal chondrocyte morphology and organization. Moreover, we use the chondrogenic cell line ATDC5, a model for growth-plate chondrocytes, to understand the mechanisms mediating the participation of the primary cilium, and in particular KIF3A, in the cell’s response to mechanical stimulation. We show that this key component of the cilium mediates gene expression in response to mechanical stimulation.