长白山北坡森林生态系统的生物生产量及化学能研究

通过对长白山北坡森林生态系统的生物生产量及化学能的测量，揭示长白山北坡森林生态系统能量的分配规律。研究结果表明，长白山北坡森林生态系统中以针阔混交林生物量最高，人工落叶松林的生产量最高，并得出红松（Pinus koraiensis）和水曲柳（Fraxinus mandshurica）的化学能模型，从而为合理开发利用森林资源提供科学依据。     

HIV-1 superinfection despite broad CD8+ T-cell responses containing replication of the primary virus

Early treatment of acute HIV-1 infection followed by treatment interruptions has shown promise for enhancing immune control of infection. A subsequent loss of control, however, allows the correlates of protective immunity to be assessed. Here we show that sudden breakthrough of plasma viraemia occurred after prolonged immune containment in an individual infected with HIV-1 at a time when 25 distinct CD8+ T-cell epitopes in the viral proteins Gag, RT, Integrase, Env, Nef, Vpr, Vif and Rev were being targeted. Sequencing of the virus in plasma and cells showed that superinfection with a second clade-B virus was coincident with the loss of immune control. This sudden increase in viraemia was associated with a decline in half of the CD8+ T-cell responses. The declining CD8+ T-cell responses were coupled with sequence changes relative to the initial virus that resulted in impaired recognition. Our data show that HIV-1 superinfection can occur in the setting of a strong and broadly directed virus-specific CD8+ T-cell response. The lack of cross-protective immunity for closely related HIV-1 strains, despite persistent recognition of multiple CD8 epitopes, has important implications for public health and vaccine development.     

Microbial desulfurization of fuel oil

Culture conditions of desulfurization microbes were investigated with a bioreactor controlled by computer.Factors such as pH, choice of carbon source, optimal concentrations of carbon, nitrogen and sulfur sources were determined. The addition of carbon in a culture with a constant pH greatly improved the growth of Rhodococcus. Cells and cell debris from microbes rested using a sulfur- specific pathway were used to desulfurize diesel oil treated by hydrodesulfurization (acquired from the Research Institute of Fushun Petroleum with total sulfur level at 205 μg/mL).Strains 1awq, IG, X7B, ZT, ZCR, and a mixture of No. 5 and No. 6, were used in the biodesulfurization process. The reduction of total sulfur was between 10.6% and 90.3%.     

空间时间基线视差法在变形监测中的应用探索

利用数码相机进行钢结构的变形监测是对传统近景摄影方法的变革，但数码相机属于非测量相机，它没有框标及定向设备，摄影瞬间的内、外方位元素的初始值是无法得到的。因此，常规解法无法解决数码相机获取测量数据的计算处理问题，对此时间基线视差法有其特殊优势。介绍了利用时间基线视差法处理钢结构变形测量数据的解算方法，并给出了实验结果。该方法考虑了分辨率、焦距以及外界环境条件的影响，采用有效的方法进行消除，取得了观测误差小于2／1000的结果。     

拓扑向量空间多目标规划锥有效解的广义最优性充分条件

在拓朴向量空间中，引进映射的几个锥广义凸概念，对于目标映射约束映射为Gateaux可导的情况，建立了拓朴向量空间多目标规划问题锥有效解和锥弱有效解在锥广义凸条件下的几个最优性充分条件。     

高压水射流破碎岩石的有限元分析

根据连续介质力学和有限元理论 ,给出了高压水射流破岩系统中流体和岩石的控制方程 ,并建立了相应的有限元列式。采用交错迭代的解耦方法求解了水射流与岩石的耦合问题 ,并就非线性动力有限元数值计算中应注意的问题进行了讨论。数值计算的结果较真实地反映了水射流破岩过程中岩石的动态响应以及水射流动力学特性的演化过程 ,并与相关试验规律吻合良好 ,这表明该分析方法是有效的 ,可用来指导高压水射流破岩理论的进一步研究及应用。     

古典兵学专家吴如嵩

吴如嵩，贵州人，大学毕业于贵阳师范学院（贵州师范大学的前身），是新中国培养的当代古典兵学专家，他的主要学术成就是在对《孙子兵法》的研究方面。     

苯乙酸对甲苯酯的改进合成

苯乙酸和对甲酚在二环已基碳二酰亚胺(DCC)存在下，用4—二甲氨基吡啶(DMAP)作催化剂合成苯乙酸对甲苯酯，反应时间短，反应条件温和，后处理容易，产率高。     

加强素质教育要把思想政治素质教育放在首位

阐述了学校加强素质教育要把对学生进行的思想政治素质教育放在首位 ,强调了思想政治素质教育的重要性。提出在实施素质教育中要把认真学习和掌握马列主义、毛泽东思想和邓小平理论作为武装青年学生头脑 ,加强思想政治素质教育的重大任务。学校的思想政治教育工作要采取有效措施 ,转变观念并积极探索思想政治素质教育的新方法和新途径。