Inhibition of caspase-1 slows disease progression in a mouse model of Huntington's disease.

Huntington's disease is an autosomal-dominant progressive neurodegenerative disorder resulting in specific neuronal loss and dysfunction in the striatum and cortex. The disease is universally fatal, with a mean survival following onset of 15-20 years and, at present, there is no effective treatment. The mutation in patients with Huntington's disease is an expanded CAG/polyglutamine repeat in huntingtin, a protein of unknown function with a relative molecular mass of 350,000 (M(r) 350K). The length of the CAG/polyglutamine repeat is inversely correlated with the age of disease onset. The molecular pathways mediating the neuropathology of Huntington's disease are poorly understood. Transgenic mice expressing exon 1 of the human huntingtin gene with an expanded CAG/polyglutamine repeat develop a progressive syndrome with many of the characteristics of human Huntington's disease. Here we demonstrate evidence of caspase-1 activation in the brains of mice and humans with the disease. In this transgenic mouse model of Huntington's disease, expression of a dominant-negative caspase-1 mutant extends survival and delays the appearance of neuronal inclusions, neurotransmitter receptor alterations and onset of symptoms, indicating that caspase-1 is important in the pathogenesis of the disease. In addition, we demonstrate that intracerebroventricular administration of a caspase inhibitor delays disease progression and mortality in the mouse model of Huntington's disease.     

Event-horizon-scale structure in the supermassive black hole candidate at the Galactic Centre

The cores of most galaxies are thought to harbour supermassive black holes, which power galactic nuclei by converting the gravitational energy of accreting matter into radiation. Sagittarius A* (Sgr A*), the compact source of radio, infrared and X-ray emission at the centre of the Milky Way, is the closest example of this phenomenon, with an estimated black hole mass that is 4,000,000 times that of the Sun. A long-standing astronomical goal is to resolve structures in the innermost accretion flow surrounding Sgr A*, where strong gravitational fields will distort the appearance of radiation emitted near the black hole. Radio observations at wavelengths of 3.5 mm and 7 mm have detected intrinsic structure in Sgr A*, but the spatial resolution of observations at these wavelengths is limited by interstellar scattering. Here we report observations at a wavelength of 1.3 mm that set a size of 37(+16)(-10) microarcseconds on the intrinsic diameter of Sgr A*. This is less than the expected apparent size of the event horizon of the presumed black hole, suggesting that the bulk of Sgr A* emission may not be centred on the black hole, but arises in the surrounding accretion flow.     

城市污水深度处理技术方案比选

简要介绍了城市污水的性质,对城市污水处理厂处理后的污水再次深度处理达到国家《景观娱乐用水水质标准》（GB12941—91）中规定的水体达标排放指标提出两种工艺技术方案,并对两种方案在系统组成、出水水质稳定性、运行费用3个方面进行了比选。     

头孢唑林钠中杂质噻二唑的分离与分析

采用化学法分离得到头孢唑林钠中的杂质噻二唑,用薄层色谱(TLC)和高效液相色谱(HPLC)对分离得到的噻二唑样品初步定性,用红外吸收光谱(IR)对分离得到的噻二唑样品进行结构确认;根据相对保留时间确定其在头孢唑林钠中的残留;依据欧洲药典的方法,用质量分数为1.0 %的头孢唑林钠溶液做对照,以头孢唑林钠供试品溶液中噻二唑的峰面积与质量分数为1.0 %的对照溶液中头孢唑林钠的峰面积比计算噻二唑的含量.结果表明,分离得到的噻二唑是生产工艺过程的残留,所建立的方法适合头孢唑林钠中残留的噻二唑的定性定量分析.进行实际样品分析,其含量在安全限度范围内(质量分数不超过1.0 %),患者可以放心使用.     

动物实验管理流程的建立及效果分析

探讨动物实验中心管理的难点,建立适合动物实验的管理流程,并对其效果进行评价和分析。     

一种流媒体代理缓存系统的研究与实现

在参考已有的流媒体代理缓存理论基础上,采用前缀缓存+补丁算法的缓存管理策略,参照流媒体服务器的工作原理,采用RTSP协议作为流传输协议,设计并实现了一种流媒体代理缓存系统.经实验测试该系统提高了系统的字节命中率,进一步减少对网络带宽资源的需求.     

Isotopic homogeneity of iron in the early solar nebula.

The chemical and isotopic homogeneity of the early solar nebula, and the processes producing fractionation during its evolution, are central issues of cosmochemistry. Studies of the relative abundance variations of three or more isotopes of an element can in principle determine if the initial reservoir of material was a homogeneous mixture or if it contained several distinct sources of precursor material. For example, widespread anomalies observed in the oxygen isotopes of meteorites have been interpreted as resulting from the mixing of a solid phase that was enriched in 16O with a gas phase in which 16O was depleted, or as an isotopic 'memory' of Galactic evolution. In either case, these anomalies are regarded as strong evidence that the early solar nebula was not initially homogeneous. Here we present measurements of the relative abundances of three iron isotopes in meteoritic and terrestrial samples. We show that significant variations of iron isotopes exist in both terrestrial and extraterrestrial materials. But when plotted in a three-isotope diagram, all of the data for these Solar System materials fall on a single mass-fractionation line, showing that homogenization of iron isotopes occurred in the solar nebula before both planetesimal accretion and chondrule formation.     

动物实验中猪的手术操作要点

从动物的选择、术前处理、术中配合、术后护理等几方面对医学动物实验中猪的手术操作要点进行总结。     

关于模糊可测函数列几种收敛之间关系的进一步讨论

给出了基本模糊平均收敛的概念,讨论了模糊可测函数列的基本模糊平均收敛与其他几种收敛之间的关系,得到了模糊可测函数列的基本模糊平均收敛与基本依模糊测度收敛的等价关系.     

SPE-HPLC测定风湿马钱片中的马钱子碱

采用固相萃取进行样品前处理,建立固相萃取-高效液相色谱法(SPE-HPLC)测定风湿马钱片中马钱子碱含量的分析方法。采用PXC阳离子交换固相萃取小柱净化,C18(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm)色谱柱,流动相为乙腈-0.01 mol/L庚烷磺酸钠与0.02 mol/L磷酸二氢钾等量混合溶液(用体积分数为10%的磷酸调节p H值为2.8),二者体积比为21∶79,流速为1.0 m L/min,检测波长为262 nm,柱温为30℃。结果发现,马钱子碱在40~60μg/m L范围线性关系良好,相关系数为0.9993,平均回收率为99.6%~101.0%,RSD值为1.04%。该方法操作简便、准确,重现性好,适用于风湿马钱片中马钱子碱的含量测定。