A statistical method for genetic mapping of sterility genes that exhibit epistasis in remote hybridization of plants using molecular markers in an F2 population

Estimation of the position and effect of sterility genes is an important problem to be solved to understand the sterility mechanism in remote hybridization in plants.In this study,a maximum likelihood (ML) method was used for estimation of the position and effect of sterility genes that exhibit epistasis in an F 2 population using the distorted segregation of markers.The ML solutions for recombination fraction and viability were obtained via an expectation-maximization algorithm.The results of Monte Carlo simulations showed that the estimates of recombination fraction and viability were consistent with their true values.The bias and standard deviation of parameters indicated that a larger sample size,closer linkage and lower viability of sterile genes led to better estimates of the parameters involved.A subset of marker data of the F 2 population derived from a single cross between the rice japonica cultivar Nipponbare and the indica cultivar Kasalath was analyzed using this method.Eight sterility genes were identified on chromosomes 1,3,6,8 and 10,and significant epistasis was detected among four pairs of sterility genes.     

Eocene high grade metamorphism and crustal anatexis in the North Himalaya Gneiss Domes,Southern Tibet

Determination of the timing and geochemical nature of early metamorphic and anatectic events in the Himalayan orogen may provide key insights into the physical and chemical behavior of lower crustal materials during the early stage of tectonic evolution in large-scale collisional belts.The Yardoi gneiss dome is the easternmost dome of the North Himalayan Gneiss Domes(NHGD),and contains three types of amphibolites with distinct mineral assemblage,elemental and radiogenic isotope geochemistry,as well as various types of gneisses.SHRIMP zircon U/Pb analyses on the garnet amphibolite and garnet-bearing biotite granitic gneiss yield ages of nearly peak metamorphism at 45.0±1.0 Ma and 47.6±1.8 Ma,respectively,which are 2 to 4 Ma older than the age for partial melting in migmatitic garnet amphibolite(43.5±1.3 Ma).Available data have demonstrated that ultra-high pressure metamorphism in the Tethyan Himalaya occurred at ～55 Ma,and high amphibolite facies to granulite facies metamorphism at 45 to 47 Ma.In addition,partial melting at thickened crustal conditions occurred at 43.5±1.3 Ma,which led to the formation of high Sr/Y ratios two-mica granites.The high-grade metamorphic rocks in the NHGD may represent the subducted front of the Indian continental lithosphere.In large collisional belts,fertile components in crustal materials could melt and form granitic melts with relatively high Na/K and Sr/Y ratios under thickened crustal conditions,significantly different from those formed by decompressional melting during rapid exhumation.     

有限域上辛群作用下全迷向子空间生成的格(英文)

令V是有限域Fq上的2ν维辛空间.对于1≤i≤ν-1,令P0是V的极大全迷向子空间,Q0是P0的一个i维子空间.设L(Q0,P0,2ν)是满足U+Q0=P0的所有全迷向子空间U及子空间{0}构成的集合,则按照包含和反包含关系构成的偏序,得到了两族有限原子格.这篇文章主要研究了这两族格的几何性并计算了它们的特征多项式.     

非线性超声场中医用微泡的空化预测研究

以两种常见医用微泡的实验材料为计算参数,利用修正的Rayleigh-Plesset方程,对粘滞流体中不同半径的医用微泡在非线性超声波驱动下的空化行为进行了数值仿真.结果表明:一定驱动声频下,声压越大,医用微泡的空化概率越大,且向半径减小的方向移动,其空化概率受微泡材料参数影响也较大;同时,声作用周期个数越多,空化概率越大.当声作用周期个数增到一定数量时,其空化概率达到饱和.     

Nanostructured LiMn2O4 and their composites as high-performance cathodes for lithium-ion batteries

Improvement of the energy density and power density of the lithium-ion batteries is urgently required with the rapid development of electric vehicles and portable electronic devices. The spinel LiMn2O4 is one of the most promising cathode materials due to its low cost, nontoxicity, and improved safety compared with commercial LiCoO2. Developing nanostructured electrode materials represents one of the most attractive strategies to dramatically enhance battery performance, such as capacity, rate capability and cycling life. Currently, extensive efforts have been devoted to developing nanostructured LiMn2O4 and LiMn2O4/carbon nanocomposites to further improve the rate capability of lithium-ion batteries for high-power applications. In this paper, recent progress in developing nanostructured LiMn2O4 and LiMn2O4/carbon nanocomposites is reviewed, and the benefits to the electrochemical performance of LiMn2O4-based cathodes by using these electrode materials are also discussed.     

一种基于灰色层次分析法的网络攻击危害性评估指标量化方法

针对目前计算机网络攻击危害性评估指标多处于定性分析,无法满足网络风险定量评估要求的现状,在传统层次分析法(AHP)的基础上,结合灰色理论提出了一种基于灰色AHP的网络攻击危害性评估指标量化方法,对网络攻击危害性影响因素按照目标层、准则层、因素层等层次结构进行分类,建立起一套具有多级、分布式的网络攻击效果评估指标体系,并将灰色理论应用于指标权重分配计算过程中,降低了传统AHP评估时的主观性影响,从而为网络攻击危害性评估提供了全面合理、可量化的评估依据.     

基于动平衡状态的不确定倒立摆系统跟踪控制

针对存在不确定摆杆质量、长度和外加干扰的倒立摆系统的稳定控制问题,提出了基于动平衡状态理论的鲁棒自适应控制策略.首先对台车位置和摆杆摆角规划了理想的动平衡状态参考轨迹,然后应用分段滑模和模糊逻辑系统设计了直接自适应模糊控制器实现对动平衡状态的实时跟踪.理论分析和仿真结果证明了不确定倒立摆系统是全局渐近稳定的,并具有很好的适应性和鲁棒性.     

影子银行发展深化及对西藏地区影响问题研究

影子银行是金融深化和金融创新的产物,它的生存及发展与传统商业银行存在着密不可分的关系。在影子银行提供信用、期限及流动性转换服务过程中,其自身固有的不完善的信用风险转移和高杠杆率缺陷,对金融体系宏观微观环境产生了深刻影响。由于发展阶段的差异,影子银行发展对西藏地区金融发展具有一定的积极意义,可有效降低该地区＂金融弱化＂现象,需予以适度引导和审慎监管。     

纳米铁粉燃烧特性研究

通过对粒径为50,100,500和20×10~3nm铁粉的比表面积实验(BET法)、燃烧热值实验和热分析实验,得到不同粒径铁粉的表面微观结构、燃烧热值和失重曲线,分析粒径对比表面积、燃烧热值的影响,研究不同粒径铁粉在10,20,30和40 K/min升温速率下的燃烧特性参数和动力学参数.结果表明:粒径减小,铁粉比表面积和燃烧热值均增大,当粒径为50 nm时,燃烧热值最高,其值为6 792.1 J/g.粒径增大,着火点温度、最高燃烧速率对应温度、燃尽温度升高,燃尽时间延长;升温速率增大,相同粒径铁粉的着火温度、最大燃烧速率对应的温度和燃尽温度升高,纳米铁粉的最大燃烧速率增大,而微米铁粉的最大燃烧速率减小.随着粒径和升温速率的增大,活化能和指前因子都增大且存在互补偿效应.     

基于SAR图像模拟的混凝土路面反雷达伪装设计

针对混凝土路面目标反雷达伪装设计问题,提出了一种基于合成孔径雷达SAR图像模拟的反雷达伪装设计方法。利用小面元法实现SAR图像的模拟,对模拟图像进行基于马尔科夫随机场模型的分割和数学形态学的操作,基于伪装设计原则进行混凝土路面的反雷达伪装设计,所设计的雷达图像能较好地与背景匹配。制备了不同类型的电磁功能混凝土试样,在外场条件下测试了其后向散射特性。实验结果表明,改变混凝土的成分能够得到不同后向散射特性的混凝土,从而表明了该设计方法的可行性。