论建设污水处理厂的五大新问题

我国的水污染严重,这是长期以来城市排水工程欠账太多之故.每年有近300亿立方米污水未经处理而直接排放,使水环境的污染量大大超过了自净能力所能承受的程度,从而破坏了水的良性循环,导致水资源危机的加剧,进而影响城市的可持续发展.水资源的短缺和水污染的加重,使人们已警觉到污水再生处理已直接关系到人民的健康和社会、经济的可持续发展,关系到子孙后代的可持续生存.     

白腹锦鸡雌鸟繁殖期的活动区和栖息地选择

2006年3-9月,利用无线电遥测技术和系统搜索法对四川省石棉县栗子坪自然保护区白腹锦鸡雌鸟的繁殖期活动区和栖息地选择进行了研究.对遥测时间超过4个月的3只雌性个体的研究表明:白腹锦鸡雌鸟的繁殖期活动区面积为(31.16±26.02) hm2,核心区面积为(10.06±8.47) hm2;繁殖鸟的活动区在产卵前后有明显变化,算术中心距离超过300 m,未繁殖鸟不明显.白腹锦鸡雌鸟主要选择较稀疏、稍矮、盖度较大、倒木数少的乔木环境和较密而盖度较大的灌木、草本植物的环境.     

Al熔体与非晶SiO2的扩散反应动力学

利用SiO2玻璃尺寸大的特点,研究了Al与SiO2玻璃反应组织和反应动力学.实验发现,长时间反应可以得到Al/Al2O3复合组织,在Al熔体和Al/Al2O3复合组织间存在扩散过渡层.测定了扩散过渡层和Al/Al2O3复合层的生长动力学.分析了扩散过渡层的动力学规律.讨论了Si对扩散过渡层和复合层形成动力学的影响, 发现Al/Al2O3复合层形成的抛物线动力学特征.     

氢化物发生无色散原子荧光分析法测定水中的砷和硒的含量

采用断续流动氢化物发生无色散原子荧光分析法同时测定水中的微量砷、硒,确定了仪器及氢化物产生的最佳实验条件。测定结果表明实际样品中砷的回收率在85%~110%之间;硒的回收率在92%~102%之间,样品测量值的相对标准偏差砷在1.1%~4.8%之间,硒在5.0%~5.9%之间。本方法可一次消化样品并同时测定砷、硒的含量,具有操作简单、快速、基体干扰少、灵敏度高、分析结果稳定可靠、节省试剂等特点,并且采用自动进样,适于大量样品的快速分析。     

盐酸托莫西汀早或晚单次给药治疗注意缺陷多动障碍的疗效比较

目的:比较盐酸托莫西汀每日晨服或晚服一次治疗注意缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)的疗效与安全性.方法:采用随机对照开放性设计,将91例ADHD患儿分为晨服组和晚服组,其中晨服组49例,晚服组42例,均使用盐酸托莫西汀治疗8周.采用ADHD父母评定量表第4版(ADHDRS-IV-Parent:Inv)、Conners'简式父母评...     

基于Probit的犯罪嫌疑人判定方法研究

为了在涉案人群中实现计算机识别犯罪嫌疑人,协助办案并提高办案效率,提出了一种基于Probit模型的犯罪嫌疑人判定技术.采用聚类的分离算法、关联算法以及Probit模型的显著性水平参数发现重要属性,通过对重要属性提取后的数据进行训练得到犯罪风险判定模型.实验结果表明,该方法对嫌疑人判定的平均准确率达到90.5%,平均查全率达到92.7%,判定效果较好.     

浸没式膜生物反应器处理微污染水的工艺强化

对比了单独膜与膜生物反应器(MBR)对微污染原水的处理效果,并研究了投加氯化铵、葡萄糖和粉末活性炭等强化措施对MBR处理效果的影响。结果表明,单独膜工艺对CODMn和氨氮去除率只有16%和5%;而以粉末活性炭为生物载体的MBR工艺对CODMn和氨氮去除率提高到35.3%和44.5%;提高原水有机物浓度和氨氮浓度对CODMn和氨氮去除效率提高作用有限;更换10%的PAC后,提高了MBR对CODMn的去除效果,其去除效率可由原来的35.3%提高到50% 。     

PCR检测乳粉中肺炎克雷伯氏菌

利用PCR技术直接检测乳粉中的肺炎克雷伯氏菌,无需增菌.通过滤膜法成功地从人工污染肺炎克雷伯氏菌的乳粉中提取了肺炎克雷伯氏菌的DNA.以肺炎克雷伯氏菌的间区序列(ITS)为靶基因,经过PCR扩增得到158 bp的产物,经过DNA测序证实该产物为目的扩增产物.该方法灵敏度高,乳粉中检测的灵敏度为10CFU/mL,可在6 h内完成对乳品中肺炎克雷伯氏菌的检测,比目前普遍采用的先增菌再进行PCR检测的方法缩短了12-24 h.     

Response of the northwestern Pacific upper water δ~(13)C to the last deglacial ventilation of the deep Southern Ocean

The deglacial δ~13C minimum events that originated from the ventilation of the deep Southern Ocean around Antarctica, have been recorded in a range of marine sediments from the southern to tropical oceans in late Pleistocene. However, the broad δ~13C minimum event was also reported as far as to the northern middle latitudes, in northwestern Pacific marginal sea areas, during the last deglaciation. In the northwestern Pacific, forcing from the northern high latitudes is strongly expressed, while the records of in- fluence from the southern high latitudes are few. The Kuroshio Source Region (KSR) forms a boundary between the northwestern Pacific and the southern, tropical Pacific. So, high-resolution planktonic foraminiferal records in core MD06-3054 from the KSR are well positioned to identify signals from the southern hemisphere in the northwestern Pacific. Planktonic foraminiferal tests from the upper 1030 cm of the core were subject to AMS14C, carbon and oxygen isotopic measurements. A negative excursion was found to occur from about 20.0-6.0 ka BP in δ~13C records of both surface (Globigerinoides ruber) and subsurface (Pulleni- atina obliquiloculata) dwellers, but the overall trends of the two curves have reversed since 26.5 ka BP. Moreover, the δ~13C rec- ord of G. ruber (the surface dweller) shows a robust link to the record of atmospheric CO2, and its changes precede the records of P. obliquiloculata (the subsurface dweller). According to the hydrologic conditions, the broad δ~13C minimum event recorded in the KSR is also a response to the increasing ventilation of the deep Southern Ocean around Antarctica during the last deglaciation. The inconsistency between the records of the surface and subsurface dwellers was possibly caused by the ways that the low δ~13C signal was transmitted. Subsurface water primarily received the low δ~13C signal from the Antarctic Intermediate Water (AAIW), whereas the surface water was probably mainly impacted by atmospheric CO2 in the KSR. The records from the KSR confirm the deduction that the broad δ~13C minimum event in the Okinawa Trough was due to the impact of tropical Pacific surface water dur- ing the last deglaciation, and suggest that signals from the southern high latitudes also can be delivered to the northern middle latitudes.     

A survey of next generation mobile communications research in China

With the rapid development of wireless communication networks, the fourth generation (4G) has emerged to move beyond the limitations of the third generation (3G), with increased bandwidth, enhanced quality of services, and reduced costs of resources. In this paper, we discuss the key technologies of 4G and focus on surveying the ongoing research in 4G communications in China. The 4G technologies under investigation include multicarrier transmission, multiple antenna techniques, carrier aggregation, relays, cognitive radio, distributed antenna systems, network convergence, and network self-optimization. These technologies are the building blocks of 4G and contribute largely to the requirements of International Mobile Telecommunications Advanced (IMT-Advanced). For each technology, its benefits, research topics, and some existing approaches are examined. Finally, we briefly discuss the challenges and future research issues in 4G systems.