掺有定形相变胶囊的储能墙体传热性能数值研究

为了充分发挥相变墙体的调温节能效果,以掺有定形相变胶囊的储能墙体及其构成的相变房间为对象,并考虑室内空气的热响应,建立相变墙体及房间的传热理论模型.采用显热容法模拟了在周期性变化的室外边界条件下,相变储能墙体内的传热过程及室内空气的温度变化.计算结果表明:储能墙体中的相变胶囊含量是影响室内空气温度衰减的重要因素之一.相变材料最佳相变中心温度宜尽量接近墙体相变层中心温度,相变温度波动幅度的大小仅影响室内空气温度的波动区间,而对振荡的平衡温度影响较弱.     

高速铁路HRBF500钢筋混凝土圆端形桥墩抗震性能试验研究

为了研究纵筋采用500 MPa级细晶粒钢筋的高速铁路圆端形桥墩的抗震性能,对4个配置HRBF500钢筋和1个配置HRB335钢筋的圆端形桥墩试件进行了拟静力试验.试验参数主要包括纵筋强度、轴压比、配筋率和箍筋加密区的拉筋数量.试验结果表明:配置HRBF500钢筋的圆端形桥墩抗震性能变化规律与配置HRB335钢筋的圆端形桥墩基本相同;配置HRBF500钢筋可以显著减少桥墩纵向钢筋的用量,提高桥墩的承载力并具有良好的抗震延性;增加轴压比或提高配筋率均可提高桥墩的承载力,但同时也会减小其变形能力;在墩底箍筋加密区增加拉筋的数量可明显提高桥墩的延性.研究表明,配置HRBF500钢筋的圆端形桥墩具有良好的抗震性能,可在高速铁路工程中安全应用.     

Preparation and catalytic performance of Fe-SBA-15 and FeO x /SBA-15 for toluene combustion

High-surface-area and well-ordered mesopor- ous Fe-incorporated SBA-15 （xFe-SBA-15） and SBA-15- supported FeOx （yFeOx/SBA-15） with the Fe surface den- sity between 0.09 to 1.11 Fe-atom/nm2 have been prepared using the one-step synthesis and incipient wetness impregnation methods, respectively. Physicochemical properties of these materials were characterized by means of numerous techniques, and their catalytic activities for the combustion of toluene were evaluated. It is found that the xFe-SBA-15 and yFeOx/SBA-15 samples possessed rod- or chain-like morphologies. The Fe species were of high dispersion when the Fe surface density was lower than 0.76 Fe-atom/nm2 in xFe-SBA-15 and 0.64 Fe-atom/nm2 in yFeOx/SBA-15. At a similar Fe surface density and space velocity, the xFe-SBA-15 catalysts showed better activity than the yFeOJSBA-15 catalysts, in which the xFe-SBA- 15 catalyst with Fe surface density 0.59 Fe-atom/nm2 performed the best. It is concluded that the good perfor- mance of the xFe-SBA-15 sample with Fe surface density 0.59 Fe-atom/nm2 was associated with its large surface area, high Fe species dispersion, and good low-temperature reducibility.     

Monitoring dynamic changes of global land cover types:fluctuations of major lakes in China every 8 days during 2000–2010

Remote sensing images can be used to delineate variations in the area of lakes and to assess the influence of environmental changes and human activities.However,because lakes are dynamic,results obtained from individual images acquired on a single date are not representative and do not accurately reflect ongoing changes.In this study,we used 8-day moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer(MODIS)composite data from 2000 to2010 to map water surface changes over 629 lakes in China.We combined automatic extraction of training data and support vector machine classification to derive the spatial distribution of these large water bodies.The producer’s and user’s accuracies for MODIS images were91.06%and 89.81%,respectively,when compared with interpretation results from 30 m resolution Landsat images taken on similar days.Area changes,variability,inundation intensity,and rainy seasons of the 629 lakes were analyzed based on this multi-temporal lake database.The total area of the 629 lakes increased over the study period,primarily as a result of the expansion of lake areas on the Tibetan Plateau.There were 12 lakes with a maximum area[1,000 km2,and six of these decreased in area from 2000to 2010.The shrinkages of Poyang Lake and Dongting Lake were-54.76 and-25.08 km2/a,respectively.The area of lakes on Tibetan Plateau,in northern Xinjiang,northeastern Inner Mongolia,and northeastern China varied little,while lakes on the Yangtze Plain,in southern Inner Mongolia,and central Xinjiang fluctuated considerably.Inundation intensity increased for lakes on the Tibetan Plateau,in northern Xinjiang,Heilongjiang,and Jilin,while inundation extent decreased in central Xinjiang,southern Tibet,southern Inner Mongolia,Sichuan,and on the Yangtze Plain.This study is an attempt to develop high-frequency specific land cover maps to improve applicability of general land cover maps.The lake products serve as an important supplement to hydrologic data.The lake database enables the generation of new land surface process models,which could improve the precision of simulations,based on more accurate observations of dynamic lake systems.     

河南省三门峡市大气降水酸碱度变化分析及对策探讨

利用三门峡市2007—2011年5年酸雨测量资料及其他有关资料,采用气候倾向率、加权平均法等统计学方法,分析了三门峡市大气降水酸碱度的变化特征及酸雨与降水量、风速、风向、云状、雾等气象条件的关系,并对酸雨影响因素进行分析.结果表明:近5年三门峡市降水的平均pH值为5.2;pH5.6的酸性降水出现比率为57.2%;采暖期的11月—3月pH值较低,平均为5.10,其中12月最低,只有4.39,达到了4.5≤pH5.6的弱酸性降水标准;非采暖期的4月—10月pH值较高,平均为5.21,其中6月份最高为6.13.根据分析结果,提出相应的对策.     

Design and research of torque tube used in HTS motor

In order to improve the overall performance of high temperature superconducting （HTS） motor, a radial connection torque tube with high strength and low thermal leakage has been designed. Firstly, fiberglass epoxy composite is chosen as con- struction material. The structural size of the torque tube is obtained by means of load analysis and theoretical calculation. Secondly, thermal leakage of the torque tube is calculated with both theo- retical method and 3D finite-element analysis （FEA）. According to the result of the thermal analysis and mechanical loads, the struc- tural stresses of the torque tube are also obtained by FEA method. Lastly, a low temperature test platform is developed to verify the strength and the thermal leakage of the torque tube. The results show that the maximal shear stress of the torque tube is 24.3 MPa and thermal leakage of torque tube is 10.5 W, which satisfy the design requirements of the HTS motor. The torque tube also works in good condition at full-power and full-torque testing of the motor. The design method is also applicable for other similar design of torque tube in other applications.     

大跨拱形结构等效静力风荷载

基于计算流体动力学(CFD)方法和有限元动力时程分析法,数值模拟脉动风特性,获取脉动风速时程,以此作为数值风洞模拟的入口边界条件.运用FLUENT软件对大跨拱形结构进行脉动风作用下结构的非稳态分析,得到作用于结构的时程风压荷载;运用ANSYS分析软件进行结构的风振响应计算,分析获得了基于结构风振响应时程的等效静力风荷载.提出多目标等效静力风荷载加权组合系数的定义,计算获得了大跨拱形结构的多目标等效静力风荷载,并验证了其计算精度.研究结果表明,在基于该方法所得等效静力风荷载作用下,结构静力响应计算结果与风振动力时程响应极值吻合.     

Generalized inverse eigenvalue problem for (<Emphasis Type="Italic">P</Emphasis>,<Emphasis Type="Italic">Q</Emphasis>)-conjugate matrices and the associated approximation problem

In this paper, the generalized inverse eigenvalue problem for the (P,Q)-conjugate matrices and the associated approximation problem are discussed by using generalized singular value decomposition (GSVD). Moreover, the least residual problem of the above generalized inverse eigenvalue problem is studied by using the canonical correlation decomposition (CCD). The solutions to these problems are derived. Some numerical examples are given to illustrate the main results.     

排球发射机的研究及其设计

本文根据目前排球运动训练器材发展的动态和趋势,重点研究了发球训练的规律及其手段,并在此基础上,研究和设计出“排球发射机”。