苯甲醇在阳离子染料染阴离子改性涤纶中的作用机理

对文题的研究表明,染料阳离子与纤维内部的阴离子经离子交换而结合。染色是放热及熵减小过程。苯甲醇的存在,提高了染色饱和值和染色速度;降低了染色亲合力、染色热及染色熵;消除了环染,其效果随染浴(或纤维)内苯甲醇浓度的升高而加强。用红外光谱法及X-射线衍射法测定了经苯甲醇水溶液处理过的聚合物的结晶性能;用差式扫描量热法、拉伸试验和动态粘弹谱等方法测定了该聚合物的熔融及力学性能。结果表明,苯甲醇渗入了聚合物(纤维)内部,并减弱其非晶区的分子间的相互作用,但不破坏结晶区,同时导致纤维溶胀,链段淌动性加强,因而促进了染色。     

锶取代PZN-PMN-PT陶瓷的介电、压电性能研究

ＰＺＮＰＭＮＰＴ陶瓷在准同型相界具有良好的介电、压电性能．加入锶后,介电、压电性能有明显提高,居里点降低,同时三方相、四方相含量发生变化,使相界发生移动;在锶的摩尔分数为３％～５％时,压电性能最好．烧结后的样品经８５０℃退火处理后,样品的介电、压电性能均有大幅度提高,得到了压电系数ｄ３３高达６８０ｐＣ／Ｎ,ｄ３３达到－２８３ｐＣ／Ｎ,机电耦合系数ｋｐ达到５５％,ｋ３１达到３１％,峰值介电常数εｍ约为２５万的压电陶瓷     

Simulation of the continuous casting process in a mold of free-cutting steel 38MnVS based on a MiLE method

A new method called mixed Lagrangian and Eulerian (MiLE) method was used to simulate the continuous casting process in a mold of free-cutting steel 38MnVS. The simulation results are basically in agreement with experimental data in the literature, achieving the three-dimensional visualization of temperature distribution, melt flow, shell thickness, and stress distribution of blooms in a mold. It is shown that the flow velocity of steel melt becomes smaller gradually as the casting proceeds. When the flow reaches a certain depth, two types of flow patterns can be observed in the upper zone of the mold. The first flow pattern is to flow downwards, and the second one is to flow upwards to the meniscus. The corner temperature is higher, and the thickness is thinner than those in the mid-face. The effective stress in the corner area is much bigger than that in the mid-face, indicating that the corner area is the dangerous zone of cracking.     

The Optimal Solution of the Model with Physical and Human Capital Adjustment Costs

We prove that the model with physical and human capital adjustment costs has optimal solution when the production function is increasing return and the structure of vetor fields of the model changes substantially when the prodution function from decreasing return turns to increasing return. And it is shown that the economy is improved when the coefficients of adjustment costs become small.     

7-甲氧基-3′-羟基黄酮的合成及其紫外光谱性能

黄酮有很好的药理活性,应用广泛,但提取黄酮产量低、价格高,为了探索人工合成黄酮的新技术和合成新的黄酮,以天然产物丹皮酚为原料,碱催化间羟基苯甲醛和丹皮酚发生缩合反应,构建中间体产物Ⅰ;再在高温下以二甲基亚砜(DMSO)为溶剂,碘催化诱导其氧化关环得到目标产物Ⅱ,通过紫外、红外、元素分析及核磁共振等综合分析确定产物的结构,考察产物Ⅰ和产物Ⅱ在不同浓度酸碱盐溶液中紫外光谱的变化情况并分析其原因。结果表明,产物Ⅰ为2′,3-二羟基-4′-甲氧基查尔酮,产率82.2%,在不同浓度酸碱盐溶液中其紫外光谱均有变化,可与低浓度NaOH溶液作用,其生成物在30 min内能稳定存在,也易与KNO₃溶液作用,其生成物不稳定;产物Ⅱ为7-甲氧基-3′-羟基黄酮,产率92.0%,在HCl(4.0 mol/L)、NaOH、KNO₃溶液中能长期稳定存在。该合成工艺克服了缩合反应中需要保护羟基的问题,实现了7-甲氧基-3′-羟基黄酮的高效合成,产物Ⅰ未能形成4-色酮结构,其AB环上各有一个酚羟基,稳定性受环境影响较大,碱性环境下尤为突出,使用时应把控产物Ⅰ的存储环境,pH...     

基于无线传感器网络的室内停车场定位系统研究

以TI公司CC2530芯片为核心,提出基于无线传感网络的测距和定位算法来解决"取车难"的问题.系统着重在测距算法上进行优化,先采用接收信号强度(RSSI)测距,再通过高斯模型进一步提高测距准确性,最后利用优化的测距数据来进行三边定位算法定位,确定车辆的位置,从而达到方便取车的目的.     

Experimental investigation of incremental reactivity of di-tert-butyl peroxide

Large quantities of di-tert-butyl peroxide (DTBP) have been emitted into the troposphere due to human activities. Its role in the atmospheric photochemical reaction has not been understood. This study presents the results of the photochemical reactions of DTBP and NOx, which have been simulated in a self-made smog chamber under the temperature of (29±1)℃. Both the wall decays of ozone and NO2 could be neglected, compared to the results in simulative experiments. The effective intensity of UV light used in the experiments was 1.28×10-3 s-1, which was expressed by the rate constant of NO2 photolysis in purified air. The reaction mechanism was proposed according to our results and reports of other researchers. The maximum values of incremental reactivity (IR) in the three simulative ex- periments were 9.53×10-2, 5.23×10-2 and 3.78×10-2, respectively. The incremental reactivity decreased with the increase of initial concentrations of DTBP. The IR value of DTBP obtained in this study was comparable to that of acetylene reported in our previous research.     

人造花岗岩复合材料的开发与建议

人造花岗岩材料是近十几年来开发的一种新型复合材料。它以天然石料为骨料,用合成树脂作粘接剂,通过固化作用,聚合而成。该材料耐腐蚀、抗酸碱,具有抗振性好、热变形量小等一系列优点。本文从这种新型工程材料的现状,综述了它的组成、制造工艺、性能特点、国内外开发使用情况以及开发应用的几个技术关键问题,并提出了适于在我国推广应用的建议。     

A novel method for solving the multiple traveling salesmen problem with multiple depots

Multi-traveling salesman problem(MTSP) is an extension of traveling salesman problem,which is a famous NP hard problem,and can be used to solve many real world problems,such as railway transportation,routing and pipeline laying.In this paper,we analyze the general properties of MTSP,and find that the multiple depots and closed paths in the graph is a big issue for MTSP.Thus,a novel method is presented to solve it.We transform a complicated graph into a simplified one firstly,then an effective algorithm is proposed to solve the MTSP based on the simplified results.In addition,we also propose a method to optimize the general results by using 2-OPT.Simulation results show that our method can find the global solution for MTSP efficiently.