A numerical method to simulate the coupled oscillations of flexible structures in flowing fluids

A numerical method is developed to simulate the coupled phenomena in a fluid-flexible-structure system. Specifically, a two-dimensional panel method is used to calculate the hydrodynamic forces and a modal superposition method is adopted to solve the governing equation of an Eulerian beam. The stability boundary of a single flexible beam in a uniform flow is calculated and compared with previous results to verify the validity of the code. The flow-induced flapping of a single and two flexible bodies for S=1.0, U*=7.0 are investigated. For the flow-induced vibration of a single beam, the oscillation frequency is close to the secondary natural frequency of a cantilever. For two parallel flexible beams, they oscillate in phase when the non-dimensional separating distance H<0.25. When H>0.25, the out-of-phase mode occurs with a jump in frequency. When H>1, the interaction between the two beams decouples and the frequency and forces of each beam revert to behavior associated with a single beam in the same flow. Simulations of coupled-flapping of two tandem flexible structures proved that the drag acting on the upstream body is reduced while for that downstream drag is obviously increased when the structures are closely arranged. The numerical results obtained in the present work are qualitatively consistent with early experimental results.     

太湖水华藻的分离、鉴定和产毒特性

采用抗生素与倍比稀释相结合的分离方法,对太湖梅梁湾水域水华的优势藻进行分离培养;结合全细胞聚合酶链反应(PCR)、高效液相色谱法(HPLC)和实时荧光定量PCR(RTQ-PCR)法进行藻属与产毒特性分析.结果显示:自太湖梅梁湾水域成功分离获得2株藻株TH1和TH2,2株藻株藻蓝蛋白基因中间序列(PC-IGS)、微囊藻16S rDNA保守序列(Micr 16s rDNA)扩增均为阳性,TH1的微囊藻毒素合成酶基因B(mcyB)扩增为阳性,而TH2的mcyB扩增为阴性.培养15 d的THI藻株每108个藻细胞产生的总微囊藻毒素-LR(TMC-LR)为0.594 μg,胞外微囊藻毒素-LR(EMC-LR)为0.085μg,分别为铜绿微囊藻产毒株的61.93%和86.09%;TH2藻株未检出MC-LR.TH1藻株mcyB的mRNA相对表达水平为铜绿微囊藻产毒株的5.9%.结果表明:分离自太湖梅梁湾的2株藻细胞均为蓝藻门中的微囊藻属,其中1株产毒微囊藻具有较强的产毒能力,太湖梅梁湾水域有产毒微囊藻污染.     

白芨多糖Mark-Houwink方程的建立

自制了系列分子量规格的白芨多糖对照品(BT01～05),采用凝胶渗透色谱示差/多角激光光散射(GPC-RI/MALLS)技术测得其分子量,粘度法测得以水为溶剂、25℃条件下的特性粘数,建立白芨多糖的Mark-Houwink方程为[η]=7×10-4M1.10.     

基于轴间转矩分配的四轮驱动汽车牵引力控制

为提高汽车的牵引性能,通过对轴间转矩分配的分析,建立了四轮驱动汽车加速过程的数学模型;提出了发动机节气门控制和轴间转矩分配控制的综合控制策略;采用PI控制方法设计了发动机节气门控制系统和轴间转矩分配电流控制系统;在低附着路面和对接路面上进行了无牵引力控制和有牵引力控制的对比仿真.结果表明:四轮驱动汽车牵引力控制系统可有效抑制驱动轮过度滑转,提高汽车动力性.     

Brief Review on Learning Objects in Online Learning

Introduction Learning objects are the important in online learning environment. An increasingly large literature is about it,but some questions and problems exist in the literature. This article will briefly reviewthe definition and evaluation of     

谈公共图书馆公益性讲座的专业化发展道路

阐述了图书馆讲座工作的核心价值和定位,介绍了公益性讲座的作用,指出公益性讲座要走以人为本和专业化道路.     

Coupled 142Nd-143Nd evidence for a protracted magma ocean in Mars

Resolving early silicate differentiation timescales is crucial for understanding the chemical evolution and thermal histories of terrestrial planets. Planetary-scale magma oceans are thought to have formed during early stages of differentiation, but the longevity of such magma oceans is poorly constrained. In Mars, the absence of vigorous convection and plate tectonics has limited the scale of compositional mixing within its interior, thus preserving the early stages of planetary differentiation. The SNC (Shergotty-Nakhla-Chassigny) meteorites from Mars retain 'memory' of these events. Here we apply the short-lived 146Sm-142Nd and the long-lived 147Sm-143Nd chronometers to a suite of shergottites to unravel the history of early silicate differentiation in Mars. Our data are best explained by progressive crystallization of a magma ocean with a duration of approximately 100 million years after core formation. This prolonged solidification requires the existence of a primitive thick atmosphere on Mars that reduces the cooling rate of the interior.     

"校园一卡通"系统的设计

文章在对高校使用"校园一卡通"进行分析[1]的基础上,以IC卡为信息载体,对校园消费、管理系统的组成、硬件的构成及网络系统进行了设计.     

中国公共安全科技问题分析与发展战略规划研究

在给出公共安全系统性定义的基础上提出了公共安全综合指数的概念,讨论了不确定性的特点和系 统非优分析的方法,同时建立了公共安全运行体系。基于安全指数给出了公共安全控制能力指数,并且讨论了 不确定因素的分析方法。研究表明,公共安全科技贡献率是科技发展战略研究的关键,建立了科技投入与公共 安全目标函数,并且讨论了科技贡献增长率的投入产出关系。     

Operational properties and matrix representations of quantum measures

Denoted by M(A), QM(A) and SQM(A) the sets of all measures, quantum measures and subadditive quantum measures on a σ-algebra A, respectively. We observe that these sets are all positive cones in the real vector space F(A) of all real-valued functions on A and prove that M(A) is a face of SQM(A). It is proved that the product of m grade-1 measures is a grade-m measure. By combining a matrix M _μ to a quantum measure μ on the power set A _n of an n-element set X, it is proved that μ ≪ ν (resp. μ ⊥ ν) if and only if M _μ ≪ M _ν (resp. M _μ M _ν =0). Also, it is shown that two nontrivial measures μ and ν are mutually absolutely continuous if and only if μ·ν∈QM(A _n ). Moreover, the matrices corresponding to quantum measures are characterized. Finally, convergence of a sequence of quantum measures on A _n is introduced and discussed; especially, the Vitali-Hahn-Saks theorem for quantum measures is proved.