正交异性钢桥面板闭口加劲肋对接焊缝疲劳性能评价

根据等效应力幅的概念,采用国内2座大桥近半年的交通数据对闭口加劲肋的疲劳性能进行评价.闭口加劲肋对接焊缝处应力影响线较短,通过车型的调查可以将车辆荷载转化为轴型荷载加载应力影响线,从而避免数值模拟实际车流.通过与我国钢桥规范推荐评价方法对比可以看出,采用统计的轴型荷载计算得到的等效应力幅小于规范评价方法得到的计算结果.并对我国钢桥规范中的损伤等效系数的取值进行了讨论.     

三峡库区澎溪河流域不同高程消落带土壤磷形态特征

研究了三峡库区澎溪河流域落干期不同高程消落带土壤不同磷形态分布特征,并分析了各形态磷与土壤理化性质之间的相关性。结果表明,澎溪河流域消落带土壤TP含量均值为599.00 mg/kg,消落带土壤TP、IP含量均沿高程逐渐下降。消落带土壤活性磷（Ac-P）含量明显低于180 m的岸边土壤,155,145 m消落带土壤Ac-P含量低于165 m消落带土壤,与140 m沉积物中Ac-P含量相近,表明频繁的干湿交替会加剧消落带Ac-P的流失。消落带土壤TP、IP和Ca-P均与pH值表现出显著的负相关关系,表明pH对土壤磷形态的含量有着重要影响;OM与Or-P表现出极显著的正相关性,表明有机质的输入在一定程度上会影响Or-P的含量。     

Morphology and quantitative analysis of O phase during heat treatment of hot-deformed Ti_2AlNb-based alloy

A 1040°C-hot-deformed Ti_2AlNb-based alloy solution-treated at 950°C and aged at different temperatures was quantitatively investigated. The microstructure, size of the phase, and microhardness of the deformed alloys were measured. The results indicated that the microstructure of the deformed Ti_2AlNb-based alloy specimens comprise coarse O lath, fine O lath, equiaxed O/α_2, and acicular O phase. More O phase was generated in the deformed alloy after heat treatment because the acicular O phase was more likely to nucleate and grow along the deformation-induced crystal defects such as dislocations and subgrain boundaries. After deformation and subsequent heat treatment, the acicular O phase of the resultant alloy became finer compared to that of the undeformed alloy, and the acicular O phase became coarser and longer with the elevated aging temperature, while the width of the O lath exhibited unobvious variations. The hot deformation facilitated the dissolution of the O lath but accelerated the precipitation of the acicular O phase. When the 950°C-solution-treated deformed Ti_2AlNb-based alloy was then aged at 750°C for different periods, the phase content was nearly invariable, O and B2 phases eventually reached equilibrium, and the microstructure became stable and homogeneous.     

炸药材料特性对整体式MEFP成形的影响

为提高整体式多爆炸成形弹丸（MEFP）毁伤能力,采用LS-DYNA数值仿真软件对不同炸药材料下整体式MEFP成形过程进行了仿真研究,并对采用B炸药的战斗部进行了地面静爆验证试验,试验结果和仿真结果吻合较好.研究表明随着炸药材料密度、爆速和爆压的增加,中心弹丸速度和长径比都得到大幅提高,中心弹丸侵彻能力增强;周边弹丸外形则由球形逐渐向长杆形发展,弹丸气动性减弱.炸药材料参数与毁伤元成形参数间呈抛物线变化规律,故可根据具体目标选择合适的炸药材料,以提高对目标的毁伤概率.     

Transition-metal-doped Fe2O3 nanoparticles for oxygen evolution reaction

Hematite(α-Fe_2O_3)has been extensively studied as a promising photocatalyst,with the capacity to split water under visible light.To tune its electronic structure and improve the performance for oxygen evolution reaction(OER),high-quality single crystals ofα-Fe_2O_3nanoparticles were synthesized and doped by various transition metals(M=V,Cr,Mn,Zn,Co,Ni,Cu,Nb,Mo,Ti)by a molten-salt flux method.Optical,electronic and catalytic properties of transition-metal-dopedα-Fe_2O_3(TM-dopedα-Fe_2O_3)have been systematically investigated.Cobalt has been identified as the best dopant forα-Fe_2O_3,reducing the OER overpotential by 0.16 V with respect to the undoped.     

块体金属玻璃微磨削加工的温度场仿真

建立单颗磨粒微磨削的正交切削模型和玻璃金属的本构关系方程,采用有限元工艺仿真系统对块体金属玻璃进行微磨削加工的温度场仿真,从而得到块体金属玻璃在微磨削过程中的温度以及温度变化趋势,进而观察其磨削温度是否达到块体金属玻璃的玻璃转变温度.因此,对玻璃金属磨削加工过程的温度仿真可以有效预测非晶表面是否有晶化现象的发生.改变微磨削加工参数,对块体金属玻璃的各个磨削区的温度变化趋势进行观察.通过仿真实验发现,块体金属玻璃的最高磨削温度发生在磨粒前刀面与磨屑接触的区域,即第二变形区.     

多羟基苯乙烯树脂改性水性醇酸树脂的合成及性能

以多羟基苯乙烯树脂(PPSR)、季戊四醇(PE)、邻苯二甲酸酐(PA)、亚麻油酸(LA)和偏苯三酸酐(TMA)为原料制备水性醇酸树脂。通过红外、黏度、热重分析等手段对产物结构和热性能进行表征。结果表明:醇酸树脂的黏度、玻璃化转变温度(Tg)、热稳定性、耐水性和耐碱性随PPSR取代度的升高而增大。当PPSR取代度为100%时,所制备的醇酸树脂性能最好,表干时间0.67h,实干时间3h,硬度达2H,且具有较好的漆膜柔韧性。     

萨满医术:北方民族精神医学

治病是北方少数民族萨满的主要职能之一。在信仰萨满教的民族中萨满往往充当民间医生的角色。萨满医术是一种精神医术和心灵医术。萨满主要是治心因性的精神疾病,其主要治疗手段也是一种心理治疗。在萨满医术中包含着现代精神医学中使用的一些治疗方法和治愈机制。萨满的精神医术之本质在于通过各种方式使患者的心理得到平衡,与此同时让患者振作起来,对自己的病情持乐观的态度,确立战胜病魔的信心。萨满精神医术就是一种典型的宗教性心理——生理调控术。对萨满医术,应从心理人类学、医学人类学、宗教人类学等多种角度进行研究,这样才能够得出比较全面而相对正确的结论。     

基于神经网络动态优化的再入轨迹设计

为解决当飞行器出现破损以及飞行器受干扰时的轨迹优化问题,新一代的再入式飞行器需要有实时在线轨迹优化的能力。神经网络动态优化算法(neural dynamic optimization,NDO)的主要特点是能使神经网络逼近最优解。神经网络动态优化算法可以避免传统的间接法在求解轨迹优化问题时协态变量初值猜测问题。给出了神经网络动态优化的原理,详细介绍了优化流程。仿真结果表明神经网络动态优化算法可以很好的避免协态变量初值猜测问题,具有较强的鲁棒性,能满足实时性要求。