复合地层双模盾构与复合盾构刀具磨损对比

软硬交替复合地层中可采用双模盾构和复合式盾构进行掘进施工。然而目前针对双模盾构和复合盾构在软硬交替地层中的适应性缺乏清晰明确的现场掘进数据进行对比验证,特别是施工参数和刀具磨损方面。基于深圳地铁12号线相似地层的3个相邻盾构区间工程,对比不同盾构机的盾构掘进施工参数、刀具服役情况及岩渣形态,分析刀具磨损的原因及特征,并进一步对比在长距离软硬交叠地层下EPB/TBM双模盾构和复合EPB盾构的掘进效能。结果表明：双模盾构TBM模式在岩质地层中的推进速度可达到双模盾构EPB模式的2倍及复合EPB盾构的3倍。受土仓压力和刀盘转速影响,刀盘推力和扭矩差异较大的双模EPB模式和复合EPB盾构更易造成刀具异常磨损。双模盾构TBM模式滚刀磨损速度更低,其刀具寿命是双模盾构EPB模式和复合EPB盾构的3～5倍,换刀时间占比为后两者的3/8～1/2,EPB/TBM双模盾构总体掘进效能优于复合EPB盾构。双模盾构TBM模式的岩渣中岩片更多且形状细长而扁平,在岩石地层中EPB/TBM双模盾构掘进效率优于复合EPB盾构。     

高原山区道路坡度对机动车比功率和气态排放物的影响

为研究高原环境下道路坡度对车辆比功率（Vehicle specific power ,VSP）、NOx和CO2的影响,利用车载排放测试系统对轻型柴油车进行实际道路试验。试验结果表明：忽略坡度对VSP的数值大小造成差异,引起VSP分布趋势变化。在坡度10 %范围内,含坡度与忽略坡度的VSP差值和坡度具有较强相关性。当道路坡度绝对值小于1时,可以忽略坡度计算VSP值。忽略坡度的VSP对划Bin区间造成聚集,扰乱了Bin区间与排放相关性;忽略坡度Bin区间排放值更接近于平均排放值。含坡度计算的VSP值与NOx、CO2排放速率有较好的相关性。     

水平井多封隔器管柱力学分析及安全评价

针对水平井多封隔器管柱在井下多种载荷的共同作用下易引起管柱失效的安全问题,基于力学研究中的多杆件的多次超静定结构,引入力法对多封隔器之间管柱进行受力分析,同时考虑温度效应、活塞效应、鼓胀效应和螺旋屈曲效应的影响,建立考虑多封隔器影响的轴向力数学模型;在此基础上建立多封隔器管柱力学安全强度评价准则和封隔器控制信封失效判断方法,对现场水平井多封隔器管柱进行力学分析和安全评价。研究结果表明,建立的考虑多封隔器影响的轴向力数学模型计算结果大于常规不考虑多封隔器影响时轴向力,若不考虑多封隔器的影响将低估多封隔器管柱的轴向力,而造成管柱受力危险;同时对管柱危险位置和封隔器进行安全评价,得到了酸化作业时油压和套压的综合控制参数,以期为水平井多封隔器管柱安全工作参数的优化设计提供理论依据。     

气相生长统一模型

从微观输运与化学反应动力学出发,将薄膜气相生长过程划分为五个步骤,基于对步骤的分析,得到了淀积过程的共同规律,建立了气相淀积生长速率的统一模型.代入有关参数和少数实验数据即可得到具体的实用模型.文中揭示的薄膜生长规律对于优选工艺方法和具体工艺参数具有参考意义.     

Mobile Robot Control Based on Dynamic Potential

An efficient method is presented for implementing mobile robot perception-action behaviors, based on time-varying environment potential field approach. First, in this paper, the concept of dynamic potential U(x,y,z,t) is proposed for representing the environment of a mobile robot, and the form of U(x,y,z,t) is deduced, and then the velocity control of the vehicle with two wheel is directly calculated by transition function T of U(x,y,z,t). Finally, the perception-action layer is successfully implemented for avoiding collision, wandering, and integrating path planning and steering control on THMR-Ⅱ (TsingHua university Mobile Robot system). Based on sonar array signals, the experimental results are given to show that THMR-Ⅱ has better reflexive function, real-time obstacle avoidance, adaptablity and robustness for complex environments.     

The v-v energy transfer of highly vibrationally excited states (I)

The relaxation of the highly vibrationally excited CO (v = 1–8) by CO₂ is studied by timeresolved Fourier transform infrared emission spectroscopy (TR FTIR). 193 nm laser photolysis of the mixture of CHBr₃ with O₂ generates the highly vibrationally excited CO(v) molecules. TR FTIR records the intense infrared emission of CO(v→v-1). The vibrational populations of each level of CO(v) have been determined by the method of spectral simulation. Based on the evolution of the time resolved populations and the differential method, 8 energy transfer rate constants of CO(v = 1–8) to CO₂ molecules areobtained: (5.7±0.1), (5.9±0.1), (5.2±0.2), (3.4±0.2), (2.4±0.3), (2.2±0.4), (2.0±0.4) and (1.8±0.6) (10¹⁴ cm³ · molecule⁻¹ · s⁻¹), respectively. A two-channel energy transfer model can explain the feature of the quenching of CO(v) by CO². For the lower vibrational states of CO, the vibrational energy transfers preferentially to the u³ mode of CO² For the higher levels, the major quenching channel changes to the vibrational energy exchange between CO(v→v-1) and the u¹ mode of CO².     

有限M—群的若干充分条件

本文利用ＩＯＭ一群的方法证明：若有限群Ｇ的每一子群和因子群为Ａｚ－群或Ａｂｅｌ群,则Ｇ为Ｍ－群;Ｇ既是ＩＯＭ－群又是Ａｚ－群,则Ｇ为Ｍ－群又是Ａｚ一群,则Ｇ为Ｍ－群,同时还证明出其它若干结论,简化了一些Ｍ－群中经典结论的证明。     

图库中光栅与矢量化技术的应用研究

通过产库中光栅与矢量化应用技术的分析和研究,合理有效地利用扫描技术实现“甩掉图纸”的目标,进而实现真正意义上的电子图档管理。     

中小学教育信息化评价指标体系及评价方法探讨

论述了建立中小学教育信息化评价指标体系的目的和原则.对影响中小学信息化评价的主要因素进行了分析.并在此基础上建立信息化评价指标体系.讨论指标权重的确定与标准化处理的问题.并对量化评价进行初步探讨.