Water,a powerful attractant for the gravid females of Plodia interpunctella and Cadra cautella

Summary In the sex pheromone controlling experiments, not only large number of the males of the almond moth and Indian meal moth, but also great number of ovipositional females were caught. The increased catch of the fertilized females was due to the presence of detergent in the water.     

磷酸二氢铵单晶培养的一些问题

研究了ＡＤＰ晶片的截面大小,表面状况和转动方式以及溶液的过饱和度等因素对“成锥” 过程的影响。初步得出了在晶片边界完整性较好和采用定时换向的条件下,溶液的过饱和度略高 一些对“成锥”比较有利。对深液的ｐＨ值和晶体的转动方式对晶体成长的影响也进行了初步探 讨。另一方面比较详细地研究了晶体在培养器中的取向对ＡＤＰ晶面生长速率和晶体生长习性的 影响,初步确定了维持晶体匀称生长较好的空间取向。最后对上述ＡＤＰ晶体培养的一些规律提 出了初步讨论。     

Epidermal growth factor receptor is a cellular receptor for human cytomegalovirus

Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is a widespread opportunistic herpesvirus that causes severe and fatal diseases in immune-compromised individuals, including organ transplant recipients and individuals with AIDS. It is also a leading cause of virus-associated birth defects and is associated with atherosclerosis and coronary restenosis. HCMV initiates infection and intracellular signalling by binding to its cognate cellular receptors and by activating several signalling pathways including those mediated by mitogen-activated protein kinase, phosphatidylinositol-3-OH kinase, interferons, and G proteins. But a cellular receptor responsible for viral entry and HCMV-induced signalling has yet to be identified. Here we show that HCMV infects cells by interacting with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and inducing signalling. Transfecting EGFR-negative cells with an EGFR complementary DNA renders non-susceptible cells susceptible to HCMV. Ligand displacement and crosslinking analyses show that HCMV interacts with EGFR through gB, its principal envelope glycoprotein. gB preferentially binds EGFR and EGFR-ErbB3 oligomeric molecules in Chinese hamster ovary cells transfected with erbB family cDNAs. Taken together, these data indicate that EGFR is a necessary component for HCMV-triggered signalling and viral entry.     

Phospholipase Cgamma activates Ras on the Golgi apparatus by means of RasGRP1

Ras proteins regulate cellular growth and differentiation, and are mutated in 30% of cancers. We have shown recently that Ras is activated on and transmits signals from the Golgi apparatus as well as the plasma membrane but the mechanism of compartmentalized signalling was not determined. Here we show that, in response to Src-dependent activation of phospholipase Cgamma1, the Ras guanine nucleotide exchange factor RasGRP1 translocated to the Golgi where it activated Ras. Whereas Ca(2+) positively regulated Ras on the Golgi apparatus through RasGRP1, the same second messenger negatively regulated Ras on the plasma membrane by means of the Ras GTPase-activating protein CAPRI. Ras activation after T-cell receptor stimulation in Jurkat cells, rich in RasGRP1, was limited to the Golgi apparatus through the action of CAPRI, demonstrating unambiguously a physiological role for Ras on Golgi. Activation of Ras on Golgi also induced differentiation of PC12 cells, transformed fibroblasts and mediated radioresistance. Thus, activation of Ras on Golgi has important biological consequences and proceeds through a pathway distinct from the one that activates Ras on the plasma membrane.     

Identification of the gene (BBS1) most commonly involved in Bardet-Biedl syndrome,a complex human obesity syndrome

Bardet-Biedl syndrome (BBS, OMIM 209900) is a genetic disorder with the primary features of obesity, pigmentary retinopathy, polydactyly, renal malformations, mental retardation and hypogenitalism. Individuals with BBS are also at increased risk for diabetes mellitus, hypertension and congenital heart disease. What was once thought to be a homogeneous autosomal recessive disorder is now known to map to at least six loci: 11q13 (BBS1), 16q21 (BBS2), 3p13 p12 (BBS3), 15q22.3 q23 (BBS4), 2q31 (BBS5) and 20p12 (BBS6). There has been considerable interest in identifying the genes that underlie BBS, because some components of the phenotype are common. Cases of BBS mapping ro BBS6 are caused by mutations in MKKS; mutations in this gene also cause McKusick-Kaufman syndrome (hydrometrocolpos, post-axial polydactyly and congenital heart defects). In addition, we recently used positional cloning to identify the genes underlying BBS2 (ref. 16) and BBS4 (ref. 17). The BBS6 protein has similarity to a Thermoplasma acidophilum chaperonin, whereas BBS2 and BBS4 have no significant similarity to chaperonins. It has recently been suggested that three mutated alleles (two at one locus, and a third at a second locus) may be required for manifestation of BBS (triallelic inheritance). Here we report the identification of the gene BBS1 and show that a missense mutation of this gene is a frequent cause of BBS. In addition, we provide data showing that this common mutation is not involved in triallelic inheritance.     

圆筒型直线感应电动机推力特性计算

本文采用了伽辽金有限元方法,计算了具有运动次级的圆简型直线感应电动机的推力特性.为计及次级运动的感应作用,在扩散方程中增添了运动项,同时考虑了铁芯饱和及涡流效应,以及齿槽和边端效应的影响.所得计算值与实验结果吻合较好.文章还对气隙磁场进行了定量分析.