长江竞渡的数学模型

研究 2 0 0 3年全国大学生数学竞赛D题 ,在合理的假设下建立了长江竞渡问题的统一形式的优化模型 ,讨论了几种条件下运动员所应采取的策略及可能取得的最好成绩 ,并指出模型的推广应用价值。     

SMAP/INID/1系统的瞬时队长分布

研究了一个有如下特征的排队系统:该系统的到达间隔及服务时间均为相互独立的随机变量,但不一定同分布.特别地,到达间隔分布与系统的瞬时输入量有关.这个系统是GI/G/1系统的拓广.该系统的瞬时队长过程一般不是一个马尔可夫过程,难于直接求取它的分布.利用补充变量技术,可以得到一个多维马尔可夫过程,使得上述系统的瞬时队长过程构成多维过程的一个分量过程,这样,便可借助马尔可夫过程理论及马氏骨架过程理论,得到一组柯尔莫哥洛夫向后方程及向后方程组,导出排队系统的瞬时队长分布的积分表示.在各到达间隔与服务时间均具密度函数的条件下,该积分表示的被积项能够递归地求取.此结论类似于A.S.Alfa等处理GI/G/1系统时所得结论.     

恩施州劳务输出效应分析

结合实际情况和数据资料,分析了恩施州人口与劳动力现状、农村劳动力输出的情况,研究结果显示:农村剩余劳动力转移与区域经济增长明显正相关,对农民人均收入和GDP增长发挥着重要作用.     

双极永磁球形电动机的电磁模型及磁场分析

分析了双极永磁球形电机的电磁关系，将不对称绕组折算为对称绕组，建立了电机的电磁模型：电压方程式、磁链方程式和电磁转矩方程式．表明在dqp系中该电机内部电磁关系易于解耦，容易实现对转子位置的控制．并用三维有限元方法分析和计算了该电机的磁场．所得结果表明，电机内部磁场基本正弦分布，电磁模型建立方法正确．     

Atomic-scale computer simulation for early precipitation process of Ni75Al10V15 alloy

The kinetic model for a ternary system is introduced based on the microscopic diffusion form of the phase-field equations for a binary alloy. The equation is solved in the reciprocal space. This model is used to investigate the early precipitation process of Ni75-Al10V15 by simulating the atomic pictures of the two ordered phases and calculating the order parameters of γ′(Ni3Al) phase. Simulation results show that the γ′ ordered phases precipitate from the disordered matrix by a non-classical nucleation mechanism, and the nonstoichiometric γ′ ordered phase appears first and then transforms into the stoichiometric one. Clusters of V atoms appear at the γ′ phase boundaries followed by the formation of the nonstoichiometric θ ordered phase. The farther the location from γ′ phase boundary is, the lower the order degree of θ phase is. There exist two kinds of DO22 ordered domains: a horizontal one and a vertical one, related to their adjacent γ′ phase boundaries. The model could describe the atomic ordering and composition clustering simultaneously, and any a priori assumption about the new phase structure and precipitation mechanism etc. is unnecessary.     

Reliable fuzzy control with domain guaranteed cost for fuzzy systems with actuator failures

The reliable fuzzy control with guaranteed cost for T-S fuzzy systems with actuator failure is proposed in this paper. The cost function is a quadratic function with failure input. When the initial state of such systems is known, a design method of the reliable fuzzy controller with reliable guaranteed cost is presented, and the formula of the guaranteed cost is established. When the initial state of such systems is unknown but belongs to a known bounded closed domain, a notion of the reliable domain guaranteed cost (RDGC) for such systems is proposed. For two classes of initial state domain, polygon domain and ellipsoid domain, some design methods for reliable fuzzy controllers with the RDGC are provided. The efficiency of our design methods is finally verified by numerical design and simulation on the Rossler chaotic system.     

A generalized approach for protein design based on the relative entropy

In the present study, we have developed the method brought forward recently for protein design based on the relative entropy. The new approach can be used in more common situation other than the special limits in the anterior method. The results indicate that our generalized method has increased the prediction precision for protein sequence and will be in favor of the study for protein design.     

SEM analysis of the changes of carbon layer structure of mesocarbon microbeads heat-treated at different temperatures

Mesocarbon microbeads (MCMB) with narrow size distribution, excellent sphericity and no obvious conglutination have been prepared with a coal tar pitch containing quinoline insolubles (QI) as the raw material. Optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) are used to examine the structure of the MCMB. It has been found that SEM technique shows the structural information of MCMB clearly in the form of micrographs even when the structure of MCMB is complex, while the optical technique is useful for analysis of the regular structure of the mesophase spheres but cannot be effectively used to analyze either the complex structure of the green MCMB or the structures of the further heat-treated ones at different temperatures. According to the characteristics of the carbon layers, the structures of the as-prepared MCMB in the present experiment could be classified as (I) Parallel Layer type structure and (2) Bent Layer type structure with the carbon layers gathering at one or two points in the MCMB. In the experiments, SEM is also utilized to investigate the structures of MCMB that are heat-treated at different temperatures. It has been found that the MCMB without any further heat-treatment show no layered-carbons, while the ones heat-treated at temperaturehigher than 1000℃ exhibit obvious layered carbons across their sections. When increasing the heat-treatment temperature, the carbon layers become thinner and flatter.     

二十二碳六烯酸乙酯对沙土鼠缺血再灌注脑损伤及水肿作用的研究

研究二十二碳六烯酸乙酯(E-DHA)对沙土鼠缺血再灌注脑损伤及其脑水肿的影响.选用雄性断奶沙土鼠灌胃给予二十二碳六烯酸乙酯(150 mg/(kg·d))或等体积溶媒10周,阻断沙土鼠双侧颈总动脉血流10 min,造成缺血再灌注模型;测定再灌注后脑组织中丙二醛(MDA)水平,还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)含量,超歧化氧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-PX)和钾、钠-ATP酶(Na ,K -ATPase)活性,脑水含量,钠、钾离子浓度及海马CA1区神经细胞存活百分数.结果表明:E-DHA预处理显著降低缺血再灌注沙土鼠脑组织MDA水平,阻止GSH含量、GSH-PX和Na ,K -ATPase活性下降,而对SOD的活性未表现出明显作用;E-DHA亦调节缺血再灌注沙土鼠脑组织钠、钾离子浓度,减轻缺血再灌注所致的脑水肿和神经细胞死亡.提示E-DHA对脑缺血再灌注脑损伤有显著保护作用,机制可能其与抗氧化作用有关.     

Sigma点卡尔曼滤波及其应用

针对扩展卡尔曼滤波(EKF)不易调整、难于应用、只对更新时间步长内局部线性假设成立的非线性系统适用等不足,近年来提出了一些卡尔曼滤波向非线性系统扩展的新方法。根据均值与协方差信息按非线性映射传播的特点,将它们归类为Sigma点卡尔曼滤波(SPKF)方法。在简要说明加权统计线性回归技术的基础上,系统介绍了SPKF的形式及算法,对其应用情况进行了总结和展望,指出可采用SPKF替代EKF以获得更好的性能。