用EGSnrc程序包对单能电子实验过程影响因素的研究

本文运用蒙特卡罗程序EGSinpRZ和EGSnrcMP模拟了不同能量的单能电子入射过程中与AL吸收物质的作用,得到了该过程产生并且进入了灵敏区的轫致辐射光子和散射电子平均能量以及他们在相应情况下的百分比,结合两种测量方法(全峰面积法TPA和半峰面积法SPA)讨论了轫致辐射和散射对测量结果的影响;研究了实验所用放射源与其包装材料产生的轫致辐射光子对测量的影响;同时用EGSnrcMP程序模拟了吸收过程,画出了吸收曲线,并与实验吸收曲线相比较,讨论了环境本底对计数的影响.     

Valence electron structure analysis of refining mechanism of Sc and Ti additions on aluminum

The mechanism of the difference of refining effect between Sc and Ti adding to aluminum can not be explained substantially with traditional theory. Valence electron structures of Al-Ti and Al-Sc alloys have been studied by using the empirical electron theory of solids and molecules (EET). The covalent bond electron numbers and interfacial electron density differences are calculated. The conclusion is that, in the two alloys, different covalent bond electron numbers of nucleation particles, and different electron densities on the interface between the second phase particles and the matrix, fundamentally lead to the difference of refining effect between Sc and Ti adding to aluminum. Supported by the Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China (Grant No. 20050003042)     

Experimental investigation on the flow structure over a simplified Papilio Ulysses model

The aerodynamic characteristics of butterflies, especially those which can migrate overseas, have received a great deal of attention because they have larger-scale wingspans and lower flapping frequencies than other insects such as drosophilae and bees. The objective of this work is to investi-gate the flow structures over a simplified model of Papilio Ulysses, one kind of migratory butterflies, through hydrogen bubble visualizations, and leading-edge vortices, wing-tip vortices, separation bub-bles and horseshoe vortex wake are observed. Moreover, the variations of these structures with the angle of attack are discussed in detail. A new type of leading-edge vortices which resembles the in- versed Chinese character “八” is observed in the experiment.     

Genome-wide distribution of histone H3 acetylation in all- trans retinoic acid induced neuronal differentiation of SH-SY5Y cells

With chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) and promoter DNA microarray analyses (ChIP-on-chip), we analyzed the variations of acetylation on histone H3 in all-trans retinoic acid (RA) induced neuronal cell differentiation. Neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells were treated with RA for 24 h and the acetylation on histone H3 in the promoter region of the genes was detected. Results showed that, after treatment, the level of acetylation on histone H3 elevated in 597 genes in the genome, and reduced in the other 647 genes compared with those of the control. In summary, we have successfully adopted a high throughput technique to detect and analyze variations of acetylation of histone H3 in human genome at the early phage of RA induced neuronal differentiation of the SH-SY5Y cells. Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 90408007 and 30721063) and National Key Basic Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2004CB518605)     

On the measurement of slip length for liquid flow over super-hydrophobic surface

To design a surface with large slip or larger drag reduction is a pop issue in the fields of liquid transporting and body swimming. In this context, it is a crucial problem to measure the slip length for these surfaces. Here we propose a novel method by using rheometer for this objective. This method is implemented by designing the distribution of the super-hydrophobic area on the sample. Using this method, a slip length of 40 μm for 70 wt% glycerin flow over a super-hydrophobic surface with stripe structure （the period, width and height of ridges are 150 μm, 40 μm and 65 μm, respectively） is measured. The result shows that the slip length measured using this method is in good agreement with former results measured by other methods. This method is fit for measuring the slip length of super-hydrophobic surface whose structure ranges from microto nano-scale.     

Record of environmental change by α-cellulose δ13C of sphagnum peat at Shennongjia, 4000―1000 aBP

The Dajiuhu Basin at Shennongjia, located within typical East Asian Monsoon region, preserves a sub-alpine sphagnum peat deposition in its central area. The topmost 120 cm of the peat covers the last 4000 years according to AMS ^14C dating of pollen concentration. Carbon isotope of a-cellulose, extracted from sphagnum peat, provides a quantitative reconstruction of atmospheric relative humidity, based on transfer functions of C3 plants carbon isotopic fractionation equation and the bryophyte photosynthesis CO2 absorption rate equation. δ^13C, TOC and C/N variations reveal that the Dajiuhu area has experienced a long-term tendency to dry during 4000-1000 aBP, with a major transition happening around 3000 aBP. Four relative dry events are identified at 3400-3200, 3000-2600, 2200-2000 and 1600-1400 aBP, respectively, corresponding to those climate events documented in many global records. Three periodicities, 664 a, 302 a and 277 a enclosed in the atmospheric humidity of Dajiuhu are correlated to the cycles of solar activities. The weakening of East Asia summer monsoon during this period registered in the Dajiuhu peat is consistent with the synchronous weakening of Indian Monsoon. This trend may be attributed to gradual decrease of Northern Hemispheric summer solar insolation and the consequently southward migration of Intertropical Convergent Zone （ITCZ）.     

Design and realization of threshold secret sharing scheme with random weights

A new threshold secret sharing scheme is constructed by introducing the concept of share vector, in which the number of shareholders can be adjusted by randomly changing the weights of them. This kind of scheme overcomes the limitation of the static weighted secret sharing schemes that cannot change the weights in the process of carrying out and the deficiency of low efficiency of the ordinary dynamic weighted sharing schemes for its resending process. Thus, this scheme is more suitable to the case that the number of shareholders needs to be changed randomly during the scheme is carrying out.     

用EGSnrc程序包对单能电子实验过程影响因素的研究

本文运用蒙特卡罗程序EGSinpRZ和EGSnrcMP模拟了不同能量的单能电子入射过程中与AL吸收物质的作用,得到了该过程产生的并且进入了灵敏区的轫致辐射光子和散射电子平均能量以及他们在相应情况下的百分比,结合两种计算方法(全峰面积法TPA和半峰面积法SPA)讨论了轫致辐射和散射对测量结果的影响;研究了实验所用放射源与其包装材料产生的轫致辐射光子对测量的影响;同时用EGSnrcMP程序模拟了吸收曲线,并与实验吸收曲线相比较,讨论了环境本底对计数的影响.     

预应力混凝土多T梁桥的极限承载力

针对预应力混凝土多T梁桥,基于实体退化壳单元,研究了多T梁桥极限承载力的计算方法.利用Owen屈服准则、Hinton压碎准则和双折线模型考虑了混凝土和钢筋的材料非线性效应,有效地模拟了预应力混凝土多T梁桥的开裂、屈服和失效全过程.引入实体退化壳单元理论,描述了预应力混凝土多T梁桥,其中普通钢筋和预应力钢筋采用分层单元模拟,并根据所采用的非线性理论编制了相应的非线性计算程序.结合预应力混凝土多T梁桥实桥破坏性试验资料比较可知,理论计算结果与试验数据吻合良好,研究表明用实体退化壳单元模拟预应力混凝土多T梁桥是可行的,相应的极限承载力计算方法和计算程序是正确的.     

天堂鸟翼凤蝶平板模型绕流特性实验研究

蝴蝶的扑翼飞行因其相对翼展较大、扑翼频率低等特点引起广泛关注, 尤其是具有越 洋迁徙特性的蝴蝶更是备受瞩目. 本文以天堂鸟翼凤蝶这种长距离迁徙蝴蝶作为研究对象, 设计了简化模型, 应用氢气泡流动显示的方法研究该蝴蝶翼面绕流结构, 包括前缘涡、翼尖涡、翼身相交处的分离泡和马蹄形尾迹等流动结构, 并进一步讨论了各绕流结构随迎角的变化规律. 特别是在本实验条件下观测到的倒八字形前缘涡结构, 是一种新的流动现象.