An actin-destabilizing factor is present in human plasma.

Plasma and serum of humans or experimental animals contain a factor which destabilizes F-actin. The factor has no DNAse or thrombin activity and after incubation with F-actin does not modify the position of the actin band on a SDS polyacrylamide gel. Hence it probably depolymerizes F-actin.     

兔耳离断后以静脉动脉化代替动脉再植试验(Ⅰ)

传统的血液循环概念认为组织的存活有赖于完整的动脉与静脉系统。作者以14只兔耳为静脉动脉化代替动脉的材料进行静脉动脉化试验。所有兔耳均在根部离断,但保留两侧边缘静脉,以减少再吻合程序。其中8只在再植手术中将切断的中心静脉远端与切断之中心动脉近端吻合,形成动脉静脉化,术后全部成活。另6只再植术中不作血管吻合则全部坏死,说明兔耳在缺乏动脉供血时若将部分静脉动脉化仍能存活。此试验与Nichter之试验有相同之处,但方法相反,后者为动静脉化脉。但综合两试验可以看出组织在缺乏任何一系统时(动脉或静脉)只须将另一系统的一部分转化(动脉化或静脉化),组织仍有存活机会,因此作者认为传统的血液循环概念有增加新内容的必要。     

C-band differentiation between the chromosomes of two subspecies of the chironomid midge Chironomus thummi

The metaphase chromosomes of Chironomus th. thummi contain approximately 17% more pericentric C-band heterochromatin than the chromosomes of Chironomus th. piger with 11% heterochromatin. In Ch. th. thummi, the proportion of heterochromatin appeared to be much larger in metaphase chromosomes than in polytene chromosomes. This discrepancy is interpreted as being due to the specific chromosome organization and not as the result of an underreplication of heterochromatin during polytenization.     

A novel type of aberrant recombination in immunoglobulin genes and its implications for V-J joining mechanism

Functional kappa light chain genes are formed during B-lymphocyte differentiation by the joining of initially separate V and J gene segments. It has been suggested that the intervening DNA is deleted, however the recent reports of what appear to be the reciprocal products of V and J recombination (back-to-back conserved V and J flanking sequences, called f-fragments) in DNA from mature lymphocytes make a simple deletion model unlikely. An alternative scheme involving unequal sister chromatid exchange has been proposed, supported by the evidence that the f-fragments seem to have segregated from the chromosome carrying the reciprocal complete kappa light chain gene (this and other schemes are briefly reviewed in ref. 8). We report here the analysis of a mouse myeloma (MOPC 41), in which a productive (kappa+) and a non-productive (kappa-) rearrangement has occured, which may help to clarify the mechanism of V-J joining. The aberrant rearrangement has led to the joining of a J1 gene segment to a sequence unrelated to any V gene (L10), and which in the germ line is flanked by a sequence resembling a V region recombination signal sequence. In this case no segregation of the reciprocal recombination products (kappa-41 and f41), which is a required step in sister chromatid exchange models, has taken place. An inversion model provides the simplest explanation of this J rearrangement.     

The RNA required in the first step of chlorophyll biosynthesis is a chloroplast glutamate tRNA

A molecule of chlorophyll is synthesized from eight molecules of delta-aminolevulinate (DALA), the universal precursor of porphyrins. The light-regulated conversion of glutamate to delta-aminolevulinate in the stroma of greening plastids involves the reduction of glutamate to glutamate-1-semialdehyde and its subsequent transamination. The components performing this conversion have been isolated from barley and Chlamydomonas and separated into three fractions by serial affinity chromatography on Blue Sepharose and haem- or chlorophyllin-Sepharose. The complete reaction can be performed in vitro in a reconstituted assay by combining all three fractions. An RNA is the essential component of the chlorophyllin-Sepharose-bound fraction. By nucleotide sequence analysis, we have now identified this RNA as a chloroplast glutamate acceptor RNA. Glutamate attached by an aminoacyl bond to the 3'-terminal adenosine of this RNA is a substrate for the enzyme(s) which perform the subsequent reactions. This reaction represents a novel role for transfer RNA: participation in the metabolic conversion of its cognate amino acid into another metabolite of low relative molecular mass which subsequently is not used in peptide bond synthesis.     

奇异广义特征问题的计算

通常,在广义特征问题考虑的矩阵对(A,B)中,要求B是正定的。本文考虑B为半正定的情况,讨论了算法,给出了程序以及算例。     

Protein biosynthesis in organelles requires misaminoacylation of tRNA

In the course of our studies on transfer RNA involvement in chlorophyll biosynthesis, we have determined the structure of chloroplast glutamate tRNA species. Barley chloroplasts contain in addition to a tRNA(Glu) species at least two other glutamate-accepting tRNAs. We now show that the sequences of these tRNAs differ significantly: they are differentially modified forms of tRNA(Gln) (as judged by their UUG anticodon). These mischarged Glu-tRNA(Gln) species can be converted in crude chloroplast extracts to Gln-tRNA(Gln). This reaction requires a specific amidotransferase and glutamine or asparagine as amide donors. Aminoacylation studies show that chloroplasts, plant and animal mitochondria, as well as cyanobacteria, lack any detectable glutaminyl-tRNA synthetase activity. Therefore, the requirement for glutamine in protein synthesis in these cells and organelles is provided by the conversion of glutamate attached to an 'incorrectly' charged tRNA. A similar situation has been described for several species of Gram-positive bacteria. Thus, it appears that the occurrence of this pathway of Gln-tRNA(Gln) formation is widespread among organisms and is a function conserved during evolution. These findings raise questions about the origin of organelles and about the evolution of the mechanisms maintaining accuracy in protein biosynthesis.     

导电媒质中圆柱天线电流分布及地电参数对绝缘天线特征量的影响

本文给出了导电媒质中裸圆柱天线和绝缘圆柱天线的电流分布。通过数值计算,分析研究了地电参数对圆柱绝缘天线的电流分布和天线特性阻抗的影响,所得结果对工程应用有一定意义。     

具有三个公共值的亚纯函数的唯一性

本文研究了具有三个公共值的亚纯函数的唯一性问题，改进了Ueda,仪洪勋和本文作者的有关定理 。