水中球形微气泡演化的动力学行为分析与控制

从动力学观点分析了水中球形微气泡无外部激励时平衡态的稳定性及受到声波激励时受迫振荡的复杂动力学行为;分析了无声波激励时平衡态的稳定性和奇点类型,并对其相应的物理现象进行了解释;对于受到声波激励的微气泡受迫振荡,结合Poincaré映射法确定了Poincaré映射的不动点,并根据Floquet理论分析了周期解的稳定性及分岔.分析表明:无声波激励时水中球形微气泡的平衡态是一稳定焦点,而受到声波激励时,随着激励频率的升高,微气泡的周期振荡从失稳转变为倍周期运动,进而转变成准周期运动,最终进入混沌状态;随着压力脉动幅值的增加,微气泡的振荡经过一系列倍周期分岔通向混沌.研究结果揭示了水中球形微气泡的复杂动力学特性,为进一步控制奠定了基础.     

壳聚糖-沸石杂化膜的制备及其对pb2+吸附性能的研究

制备了壳聚糖-沸石杂化膜,对其进行热重和扫描电镜表征,就壳聚糖-沸石杂化膜对pb2+的吸附行为进行了探讨.沸石的加入使壳聚糖膜产生了孔穴,增大了比表面积,提高了吸附性能.实验结果还表明沸石与壳聚糖质量比4∶5为最佳配比,吸附的最佳溶液pH为5.0,温度对吸附作用的影响比较小.壳聚糖沸石杂化膜对pb2+的吸附符合Lang...     

KLPAAM复合高吸水树脂保水性能研究

采用自制高岭土/木质素磺酸钠接枝丙烯酸丙烯酰胺复合高吸水树脂(KLPAAM),研究了不同KLPAAM树脂用量、不同肥料溶液（单一与混合溶液）对不同土壤质地保水率、含水率的影响.自然蒸发条件下,KLPAAM复合高吸水树脂施用量为0.5%时,各种肥料溶液中泥土、泥土/河砂=1/1和河砂三种质地土壤保水率下降明显减慢,土壤保水性能提高,10%尿素、10%尿素/0.1%磷酸二氢钠混合溶液下降最慢,即保水效果最好,而0.5%氯化钾、0.1%磷酸二氢钠/0.5%氯化钾混合溶液下降最快,即保水效果最差.KLPAAM复合高吸水树脂更适合于含非电解质肥料溶液的砂质土壤中施用.     

Molecular organization of vomeronasal chemoreception

The vomeronasal organ (VNO) has a key role in mediating the social and defensive responses of many terrestrial vertebrates to species- and sex-specific chemosignals. More than 250 putative pheromone receptors have been identified in the mouse VNO, but the nature of the signals detected by individual VNO receptors has not yet been elucidated. To gain insight into the molecular logic of VNO detection leading to mating, aggression or defensive responses, we sought to uncover the response profiles of individual vomeronasal receptors to a wide range of animal cues. Here we describe the repertoire of behaviourally and physiologically relevant stimuli detected by a large number of individual vomeronasal receptors in mice, and define a global map of vomeronasal signal detection. We demonstrate that the two classes (V1R and V2R) of vomeronasal receptors use fundamentally different strategies to encode chemosensory information, and that distinct receptor subfamilies have evolved towards the specific recognition of certain animal groups or chemical structures. The association of large subsets of vomeronasal receptors with cognate, ethologically and physiologically relevant stimuli establishes the molecular foundation of vomeronasal information coding, and opens new avenues for further investigating the neural mechanisms underlying behaviour specificity.     

大数据营销:综述与展望

随着追踪消费者足迹能力的增强,营销科学正经历着一场大数据的革命.为了了解大数据背景下消费者行为和营销战略的改变,此项研究结合近十余年大数据营销的有关文献,梳理了大数据营销的相关概念,类型及分析方法,并提炼出搜索、移动、口碑、数字化、APP和社会媒体等50个大数据营销的热门主题.在此基础之上,分别从互联网、社会网络、移动互联网、大数据和人工智能等四个阶段对大数据营销的研究进展进行回顾,最后围绕客户旅程,营销活动的量化评估和营销分析技术的开发三个方面对大数据营销的未来研究方向进行展望.     

基于量子的免疫进化算法及收敛性

分析和探讨了量子计算的特点及免疫进化机制,并结合免疫系统的动力学模型和免疫细胞在自我进化中的亲和度成熟机理,提出了一种基于量子计算的免疫进化算法。该算法使用量子比特表达染色体,通过免疫克隆、记忆细胞产生和抗体相似性抑制等进化机制可最终找出最优解,它比传统的量子进化算法具有更好的种群多样性、更快的收敛速度和全局寻优能力。在此不仅从理论上证明了该算法的收敛,而且通过仿真实验表明了该算法的优越性。     

动态空间滤波的探讨与实践

在传统的遥感数字图像增强处理方法中,空间滤波主要采用静态的图像模板来进行计算处理以突出图像上某些特征,如突出边缘和纹理等.该文探讨用动态的图像模板来进行计算处理遥感影像,发现处理后的遥感图像取得了很好的效果.     

Short-range clutter suppression method combining oblique projection and interpolation in airborne CFA radar

The airborne conformal array(CFA)radar's clutter ridges are range-modulated,which result in a bias in the estimation of the clutter covariance matrix(CCM)of the cell under test(CUT),further,reducing the clutter suppression performance of the airborne CFA radar.The clutter ridges can be effectively compensated by the space-time separation interpolation(STSINT)method,which costs less computation than the space-time interpolation(STINT)method,but the performance of interpolation algorithms is seriously affected by the short-range clutter,especially near the platform height.Location distributions of CFA are free,which yields serious impact that range spaces of steering vector matrices are non-orthogonal complement and even no longer disjoint.Further,a new method is proposed that the shortrange clutter is pre-processed by oblique projection with the intersected range spaces(OPIRS),and then clutter data after being pre-processed are compensated to the desired range bin through the STSINT method.The OPIRS also has good compatibility and can be used in combination with many existing methods.At the same time,oblique projectors of OPIRS can be obtained in advance,so the proposed method has almost the same computational load as the traditional compensation method.In addition,the proposed method can perform well when the channel error exists.Computer simulation results verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.     

基于中国余数定理的目标距离估计算法

为了提高目标检测性能,脉冲多普勒(pulsed Doppler, PD)雷达常常采用高脉冲重复频率(pulsed repetition frequency, PRF)信号,以便在信号频域获得比较宽的无杂波区,但高的PRF往往引起目标的距离模糊。现有的解距离模糊算法大都面临计算量大的问题,该文紧密结合PD雷达体制的特点,在基于PD雷达参差重频模式下,提出一种最优余数的封闭式鲁棒中国余数定理(closed-form robust Chinese remainder theorem, CFRCRT)目标距离估计方法。该方法不仅可以在视在距离有误差的情况下精准地重构目标真实距离,而且具有封闭式的解析解,大大减小了运算量。理论分析和仿真实验都表明该文提出的方法在精度和实时性能上都具有一定的优越性。     

天花粉蛋白晶体生长的斜锥形成核机制

用原子力显微镜(AFM)研究了天花粉蛋白(Trichosanthin,TCS)晶体表面的斜锥形成核过程.对不同过饱和度下(σ=1.02～1.65)的TCS晶体成核过程进行了全方位的跟踪观察.发现在结晶前期,体系先采用线型生长,生长成链状聚集体,再进行侧向链间结合,最后形成不对称三维斜锥形核;在后期的成核过程中,TCS分子以尺寸不一的球形聚集体存在,并依次连接成串,进一步形成斜锥形核.通过AFM实验,详实地观测了TCS晶体生长的斜锥形成核过程,并从结构生物学角度阐释了这一成核现象的微观机制,给出了两种的成核途径.