论减灾系统的远程公平化

远程公平化是偏向于远程的公平，旨在寻求系统整体的优化。在一定的约束条件下，通过域的分隔、变形，中心的定位与相应的远程运作机制，可消减不利因素对系统的干扰，扩大结构瓶颈，调优技术性弱点、难点、远点、易忽视点的指标期望与实现值，抑小扬大，隐近就远，弥补系统缺陷，或于不完备的条件下构建 完备系统，保障全局利益与远效，推进减灾管理的科学化，改善各个方面的减灾工作。     

液压油缸加工方式之探

阐述了液压传动系统中的执行元件-液压油缸缸筒的加工方式，着重介绍了缸筒的加工工序、内孔加工的重要刀具以及注意事项。     

NiO nanosheet assembles for supercapacitor electrode materials

In this paper, large scale hierarchically assembled Ni O nanosheets have been favorably fabricated through a facile hydrothermal route. The as-prepared Ni O nanosheet assembles were characterized in detail by various analytical techniques. The results showed these nanosheets present the thickness of about 30 nm and the surface area is 116.9 m~2 g~(-1). These NiO nanosheet assembles were used as the working electrode materials in electrochemical tests, which demonstrated a specific capacitance value of 81.67 Fg ~(-1)at the current density of 0.5 Ag~(-1)and excellent long cycle-life stability with 78.5% of its discharge specific capacitance retention after 3000 cycles at the current density of 0.5 Ag~(-1), revealing the as-synthesized NiO nanosheet assembles might be a promising electrode material for supercapacitor applications.     

NaCl和KCl溶液康普顿散射的影响因素

自康普顿散射提出以来,其理论研究和应用研究一直是国内外的热点。基于NaCl和KCl溶液的康普顿散射,通过一定的近似处理,从理论上分析适合这两种溶液的康普顿散射光子数与溶液浓度之间的关系表达式;然后,通过康普顿散射实验验证康普顿散射的理论和实验研究。为了从更微观的角度来把握NaCl和KCl溶液康普顿散射的机理,笔者立足于密度泛函理论对NaCl与KCl溶液的电子结构作了深入分析,得出结论:除质量密度、散射衰减因子以及溶液的浓度外,电子数密度和电子受到的束缚也对康普顿散射光子数有影响,其中,电子数密度是影响NaCl与KCl溶液康普顿散射光子数的主要因素。     

HDAC6 rescues neurodegeneration and provides an essential link between autophagy and the UPS

A prominent feature of late-onset neurodegenerative diseases is accumulation of misfolded protein in vulnerable neurons. When levels of misfolded protein overwhelm degradative pathways, the result is cellular toxicity and neurodegeneration. Cellular mechanisms for degrading misfolded protein include the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS), the main non-lysosomal degradative pathway for ubiquitinated proteins, and autophagy, a lysosome-mediated degradative pathway. The UPS and autophagy have long been viewed as complementary degradation systems with no point of intersection. This view has been challenged by two observations suggesting an apparent interaction: impairment of the UPS induces autophagy in vitro, and conditional knockout of autophagy in the mouse brain leads to neurodegeneration with ubiquitin-positive pathology. It is not known whether autophagy is strictly a parallel degradation system, or whether it is a compensatory degradation system when the UPS is impaired; furthermore, if there is a compensatory interaction between these systems, the molecular link is not known. Here we show that autophagy acts as a compensatory degradation system when the UPS is impaired in Drosophila melanogaster, and that histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6), a microtubule-associated deacetylase that interacts with polyubiquitinated proteins, is an essential mechanistic link in this compensatory interaction. We found that compensatory autophagy was induced in response to mutations affecting the proteasome and in response to UPS impairment in a fly model of the neurodegenerative disease spinobulbar muscular atrophy. Autophagy compensated for impaired UPS function in an HDAC6-dependent manner. Furthermore, expression of HDAC6 was sufficient to rescue degeneration associated with UPS dysfunction in vivo in an autophagy-dependent manner. This study suggests that impairment of autophagy (for example, associated with ageing or genetic variation) might predispose to neurodegeneration. Morover, these findings suggest that it may be possible to intervene in neurodegeneration by augmenting HDAC6 to enhance autophagy.     

加热与加酸对污泥释磷影响研究

利用热和酸有助于微生物细胞破碎原理,对含磷污泥在不同温度（60、70、80、90℃）,不同无机酸（H2SO4、HCl、HNO3）以及两者共同作用下的释磷效果进行了比较研究．结果表明,随着加热时间延长和温度升高,污泥释磷率提高,90℃下加热2h,总磷（T-P）释放率为22．5％,明显比60℃下高．在加酸条件下,随着酸浓度提高,T-P释放率提高．在10％HCl反应条件下,污泥磷释放效果最好,释磷比率为52．2％;10％HzS0t条件下,释磷效果稍差,释磷率为46．0％;10％HNO3与前两者相比,释磷效果最差,释磷率为39．6％．加热和加酸条件下释磷效果的比较结果表明,加酸比加热更有利于T-P释放．在热和酸联合作用下,污泥T-P释放效果更好．在90℃＋2％HCl条件下经2h后,T—P释放率达到96．3％．显微镜观察显示仅仅加热对含磷污泥中微生物的细胞形态破坏得不彻底,但通过加热和加酸联合作用和反应后,微生物细胞被完全破碎．     

基于扩散模型的ZnO/p-Si异质结伏安特性研究

为了揭示ZnO/p-Si异质结的导电机理,基于p-n结扩散模型和Anderson扩散模型推导了ZnO/p-Si异质结在理想情况下的伏安特性,并分析了掺杂浓度、工作温度以及能带补偿的影响.结果表明:当正向偏压超过势垒高度时,界面两边多数载流子由耗尽变为堆积,形成反向势垒,对异质结的正向电流起阻碍作用;当外加正向电压等于内...     

退火温度对ZnO薄膜晶体管电特性的影响

针对非晶硅和有机薄膜晶体管的低迁移率问题,以高纯Zn为靶材,反应磁控溅射沉积、且在不同温度下退火的ZnO薄膜作为半导体活性层,成功地制备出基于ZnO材料的薄膜晶体管(ZnO-TFT),研究了退火温度对ZnO -TFT电特性的影响.结果表明:ZnO- TFT的载流子迁移率随退火温度的升高而明显增大,700℃退火的样品迁移...