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231.
Bioaerosol charge information is of vital importance for their electrostatic collection. Here, electrostatic means and molecular tools were applied to studying bioaerosol charge dynamics. Positively or negatively charged bioaerosols were collected using an electrostatic sampler operated with a field strength of 1.1 kV cm 1 at a flow rate of 3 L min 1 for 40 min. Those with fewer or no charges bypassing the sampler were also collected using a filter at the downstream of the electrostatic sampler in one environment. The experiments were independently conducted three times in three different environments. The collected bacterial aerosols were cultured directly on agar plates at 26°C, and the colony forming units (CFU) were manually counted. In addition, the CFUs were washed off from the agar plates, and further subjected to polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) for culturable diversity analysis. The results revealed remarkable differences in positively and negatively charged culturable bacterial aerosol concentration and diversity among the studied environments. In the office environment, negatively charged culturable bacterial aerosols appeared to dominate (P = 0.0489), while in outdoor and hotel environments both polarities had similar concentration levels (P = 0.078, P = 0.88, respectively). DGGE patterns for positively charged culturable bacterial aerosols were shown strikingly different from those of negatively charged regardless of the sampling environments. In addition, for each of the environments positively charged culturable bacterial aerosols collected were found to have more band pattern similarity with those positively charged for respective regions of agar plates than those negatively charged, and vice versa. The information developed here is useful for developing efficient electrostatic sampling protocols for bioaerosols. 相似文献
232.
张谷英大屋是明清民居古建筑群,本文从建筑形式和建筑文化两个角度对张谷英大屋进行了研究,其建筑形式独特之处主要有:合"中"向心的总体布局、纵横交织的巷道、天井扩展室内空间的功能等;其建筑文化则是其人与自然和谐统一的环境观念和反映人与人伦理秩序的建筑观念。 相似文献
233.
提出了一种新的方法为具有不确定性的实际电力系统设计分散鲁棒H∞阻尼控制器。采用多胞型模型将系统运行状态的各种变化描述为以若干个典型运行参数为顶点的凸集。分散H∞控制器的设计可以归结为基于同伦参数法的两个线性矩阵不等式的求解问题。所提的方法可以得出较低阶的鲁棒控制器,具有工程实用性。将其与系统模型降阶法相结合,可进一步减轻计算负担,进而适用于实际电力系统的控制器求解。算法分别用于SVC的分散附加阻尼控制器和19机IEEE标准测试系统的PSS设计。算例结果表明,分散控制器相互协调,不但显著地提升系统的阻尼比,使其具有良好的抗干扰能力,且对于严重故障后产生的持续振荡具有很好的抑制作用。 相似文献
234.
Neumann问题的对称解 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
讨论了在对称区域上,奇异扰动Neumann问题只有一个局部最大值点的对称解。 相似文献
235.
在界定灰色文献概念的基础上,通过对美国、欧洲等地灰色文献收集和利用的介绍,并提出了一些对我国收集灰色文献的启示。阐述了信息时代高等院校灰色文献资源建设的必要性及意义,并提出开发利用方法及途径。 相似文献
236.
237.
A graph G is said to be determined by its Laplacian spectrum if any graph having the same Laplacian spectrum as G is isomorphic to G.We consider θ-graphs,that is,graphs obtained by subdividing the edges of the multigraph consist of three parallel edges.In this paper,some special θ-graphs are determined by their Laplacian spectra. 相似文献
238.
文章论述了交通安全设施的施工质量监理控制要点,从波形梁护栏监理的重点是成型构件进场的检验和安装后成品的检验验收,到安装开工报告的审查;并对交通标志牌监理工作的重点和难点、材料进场的检验和安装后的验收等作了较详细的论述。 相似文献
239.
The phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA) plays an important role in plant growth and development, for example in seed dormancy and germination, as well as in plant responses to environmental stresses, such as drought and high salinity. Previous studies have shown that ABA regulates the expression of genes with an ABA-responsive element (ABRE) and their corresponding physiological responses. Bioinformatics analysis identified a GRAM domain-containing gene family that has a multiple ABRE cis-element, which was termed the ABA-responsive protein (ABR) family. To analyze the function of the ABR family, we identified homozygous T-DNA insertion mutants and constructed abr1, 2, 3 double mutants and triple mutant. The abr1, abr2 and abr3 single mutants showed a normal phenotype; however, the germination of seeds of the double mutants and triple mutant were insensitive to ABA, NaCl, mannitol and glucose. ABR1-GFP was distributed as a punctate structure in the cytosol and may be localized in the endomembrane system. The ABR2-GFP and ABR3-GFP proteins localized in the cytoplasm. In addition, ABR1, ABR2 and ABR3 were expressed in various tissues, and could be induced by several abiotic stresses, especially by ABA. The expressions of these genes were significantly suppressed in aba2, abi1 and abi2 null mutants. These results suggested that the ABR family may act downstream of ABI1 and ABI2 in the ABA signal transduction process in plants. 相似文献
240.
运用动力系统稳定性理论,建立了一类具有时滞脉冲的商品价格供需系统,讨论了一类商品价格供需系统的稳定性问题.给出了系统在时滞脉冲下零解渐近稳定的条件,分析系统参数、脉冲和时滞量之间的相对关系对系统的影响,发现在一定条件下商品市场的价格调节机制是可行的,能够保证市场商品价格的稳定,但价格这种调节机制是有限的,一旦超出这个范围,就会出现市场商品价格的不稳定.最后进行数值仿真,验证了时滞脉冲稳定的有效性,并给出了经济学解释. 相似文献