Characteristics of recent temperate glacier fluctuations in the Parlung Zangbo River basin,southeast Tibetan Plateau

Little is known about recent variation of temperate glaciers on the Tibetan Plateau, although they are of particular theoretical and practical interests in terms of climate change and water supply. The study of glacier mass balance and terminus variation for six temperate glaciers in the Parlung Zangbo River basin, southeast Tibetan Plateau, shows the facts of the overall negative mass balance and the continued terminus retreat from 2005/2006 to 2007/2008. The mass balances of smaller glaciers were more negative compared to larger glaciers. Referring the trend of glacier mass balance in the Hengduan Mountains, the Himalayas and glacier shrinkage in southeast Tibetan Plateau, the mass loss and recession of temperate glacier in this region are expected if the current climate condition continues.     

冷驯化对黑腹绒鼠能量代谢和产热的影响

以南方常见种之一黑腹绒鼠(Eothenomeys melanogaster)为对象,经过(5±1)℃冷驯化0,7,14,21,28 d后,测定其体质量、能量收支、基础代谢率(BMR)和非颤抖性产热(NST)等代谢产热指标及褐色脂肪组织(BAT)的产热活性变化.结果表明:体质量随冷驯化时间的延长缓慢下降;摄入能、消化能、可代谢能、BMR和NST呈现增加的趋势,21 d达到最高水平或趋于稳定;随着冷驯化时间的逐渐增加,BAT的相对质量、线粒体蛋白含量及细胞色素C氧化酶(COX)活性均明显提高,21 d达到最大值.说明在寒冷胁迫下,黑腹绒鼠采用增加能量摄入和提高产热能力等对策维持能量的收支平衡.而黑腹绒鼠代谢和产热模式的特点与其自身的生活习性及生境条件密切相关.     

PH3 monitoring in Arctic and Dalian bay areas

<正> In this paper,we use pre-column 2 times low-temperature cryo-trap enrichment—gas chromatography(GC) /nitrogen and phosphoms detector(NPD)to detect and analyze phosphine in Arctic pole area forthe first time.The results show phosphine exists in all of the samples in Arctic pole biosphere and phosphineconcentration in Arctic atmosphere is between 18.54～132.18 ng/m~3,almost the same as that inAntarctic atmosphere;phosphine concentration in Dalian bay sea surface sediments is between 116.8～554.3 ng/kg,almost the same as that reported in Jiao-zhou bay.Our research of phosphine will shednew light on the mechanisms showing how the phosphorus supplement influences the biogeochemical cycleand global warming.     

Palaeoclimatic evolution recorded by multidicipline in sediments in gahai lake, qaidam basin since late last deglacial

Based on the analyses of Loss-on-Ignition (LOI), carbonate content and sediment characteristics, this paper reconstructs the climatic and environmental evolution of the Gahai Lake area since the late Last Deglacial Period.The results cover the late Last Deglacial Period and the Holocene.The climate was very unstable and rather arid during the late Last Deglacial Period.The Holocene can be divided into three pe-riods:the early Holocene (11360-8240 cal aB.P.), which was dry but unstable and featured rising tem-peratttres, the mid-Holocene (8240-3200 cal aB.P.), which was warm and wet and the late Holocene (since 3200 cal aBP), which was cold and dry.Results also show a warm-wet event around 1500 cal aB.P.     

新疆基础研究现状分析

"十一五"期间,新疆经过不懈的努力,基础研究实力明显增强,研究水平不断提高,自主创新能力有了一定的提升,形成了区域研究特色,在国内外相关研究领域产生了一定影响。本文从区域创新体系出发,通过对新疆研究项目、知识创造和转移及人才培养等进行介绍,探讨了新疆基础研究现状,分析了当前新疆基础研究存在不能满足区域创新体系功能定位等问题,并提出了"十二五"改善新疆基础研究发展及资助政策的若干建议。     

热电行业低碳经济评价指标体系研究

基于热电行业低碳经济评价指标体系的研究,运用模糊数学综合评价理论,构建了热电行业低碳经济评价模型和评价方法,综合评价热电行业低碳经济的发展水平,以便系统地反映热电行业低碳经济发展的差距,及时修正战略途径,切实推进低碳经济发展.     

新疆地区既有农宅被动式改造与供暖初期运行效果分析

为研究既有农宅如何将外围护改造与被动式改造相结合,提升农宅太阳能的利用效率,以石河子郊区某既有农宅为例,分析农宅合理的外围护改造方案,研究农宅南墙被动式设计的最佳方案。通过改造前后的室内热环境的实验测试表明:采用提出的外围护结构改造和南墙被动式改造方案,改造后的室内温度相比改造前,提升温度可达10.9℃。供暖初期,农宅改造后的耗煤量降低至改造前的34.86%,被动式供热降低了11.85%的供暖能耗。被动式改造后的农宅具有明显的节能效果,所需维持室内温度的辅助热量大幅降低,为本地区其他农村住宅被动式改造提供了改造方案和运行经验。     

二次加砂压裂技术在海上低孔渗砂岩气藏的应用

东海低渗储层具有埋藏深、温度高、边底水发育、平台空间小等特点,采用传统加砂压裂方式初期产量低、压后压降快、有效产能低,无法满足海上经济有效开发的需求。因此,基于平台化压裂的技术瓶颈,开展二次加砂压裂增产机理及适应性评估,通过技术优化研究,确定了二次加砂压裂施工排量、加砂规模、二次加砂比例、中途停泵时间等关键参数,优选评价了压裂液和支撑剂材料,并评估了平台空间综合利用,形成了一种适合海上低渗平台开发的增产技术。DX-B5井的实施效果表明:二次加砂压裂技术首次应用于海上低渗油气田,并取得显著的增产效果,相比邻井初期产量增加了2倍,累计产量增加了3倍,针对类似储层条件的油气井,可推广应用于东海及国内其他海域的低渗储层增产开发。     

浅地表面波频散曲线组合勘探方法

面波勘探方法因其分辨率高、能量强,而且成本低、操作便捷等优势,被广泛应用于浅地表S波速度结构探测。为了兼顾面波探测深度及浅层分辨率,通过不同道间距组合,不同主频检波器组合,主、被动源组合,获得宽频带的面波频散曲线,实现在提高探测深度的同时保持浅层分辨率。实测结果表明,面波频散曲线组合勘探有效拓宽了频散曲线的频带宽度,兼顾了横波波速度结构反演深度和浅部速度结构的分辨率。     

Microstructure, crystallography and nucleation mechanism of NANOBAIN steel

The microstructure of bainite ferrite in NANOBAIN steel transformed at different temperatures was investigated by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, electron back-scattered diffraction, and vickers hardness tester in detail. It is found that the average width of bainitic ferrite (BF) plates can be refined to be thinner with the reduction of temperature (473–573 K), and the bainitic ferrite plates can reach up to 20–74 nm at 473 K. Crystallographic analysis reveals that the bainitic ferrite laths are close to the Nishiyama-Wasserman orientation relationship with their parent austenite. Temperature shows a significant effect on the variant selection, and a decrease in temperature generally weakens the variant selection. Thermodynamic analyses indicates that the Lacher, Fowler and Guggenheim (LFG) model is more suitable than the Kaufman, Radcliffe and Cohen (KRC) model dealing with NANOBAIN steel at a low temperature range. The free energy change ΔGγ→BF is about ?1500 J·mol?1 at 473 K, which indicates that nucleation in NANOBAIN steel is the shear mechanism. Finally, the formation of carbon poor regions is thermodynamically possible, and the existence of carbon poor regions can greatly increase the possibility of the shear mechanism.