拟高粱单株农艺性状相关与通径分析

通过对拟高粱单株农艺性状间相关和通径分析看出,拟高粱农艺性状辅助选择育种中,分蘖数、株高作为拟高粱主要选择指标并兼顾茎粗是较合理的单株选择方法。     

基于感兴趣区域的机器人抓取系统

智能抓取机器人能够代替人类完成高强度工作,为实现物体的准确定位,提升机器人抓取的成功率,对基于感兴趣区域的机器人抓取系统进行研究。对深度相机进行标定,对深度卷积神经网络损失函数进行改进,使用焦点函数代替传统的交叉熵函数,训练模型,得到目标的类别、二维包络框中目标的像素坐标值与深度值等信息。利用手眼标定方法将深度传感器坐标转换到机械臂基坐标系下,依据相机成像原理完成物体的定位。通过机器人逆运动学求解关节角度,驱动机器人实现抓取。对实验过程进行分析,在aubo_i5机械臂上进行实验验证。实验结果表明,目标的识别定位误差较小,平均精度值提升了2.36%,抓取的平均成功率达到93.4%,较改进前提升了13.4%,能够满足机器人抓取的需求。     

金氰化浸出过程动力学反应速度估计

金氰化浸出过程中,动力学反应速度的不可测量给模型辨识带来了困难,而由浓度等可测变量估计动力学反应速度是一个不适定逆问题,极易将浓度测量数据中的噪声放大,造成估计结果不准确.采用Tikhonov正则化方法,去除了复杂的动力学反应模型,利用浓度、流量等测量数据和物质守恒方程来辨识金和氰根离子的动力学反应速度,有效地减少了测量数据中误差的传递.实验结果表明,该方法不但能很好地跟踪动力学反应速度的变化趋势,抑制噪声的放大,而且易于实现.与有限差分、平滑滤波估计方法相比,其估计效果明显得到了改善.     

Effects of alloying and high-temperature heat treatment on the microstructure of Nb–Ti–Si based ultrahigh temperatur e alloys

The phase co mpositions, microstructure and especi ally phase i nterfaces in the as-cast and heat-treated Nb– Ti–Si based ultrahigh temperature alloys have been investigated. It is shown that β(Nb,X)5Si3 and γ(Nb,X)5Si3 are the primary p hase s in the Nb–22Ti–16Si–5Cr–5Al (S1) (at%) and Nb–20Ti–16Si–6C r–4Al–5Hf–2B–0.06Y (S2) (at% ) alloys, respectively. The Nb solid solution (Nbss) is the primary phase in Nb–22Ti–14Si–5Hf–3Al–1. 5B –0.0 6Y (S3) (at%) alloy . An orientation relationship between Nbss and γ(Nb,X)5Si3 was determine d to be (1-10)Nb//(101-0)γ and [111]Nb//[0001]γ in the as-cast S2 and S3 alloys. Some original β(Nb,X)5Si3 transfor med into α(Nb,X)5Si3 because Al and Cr diffused from the β(Nb,X)5Si3 to Nbss during heattreatment at 1500 °C for 50 h in the S1 alloy. Mean while, Ti diffused from Nbss to β(Nb,X)5Si3, which induced a Ti to generate near the interface between Nbss and Ti-rich β(Nb,X)5Si3. The orientation relationship between the newl y-formed a Ti and previous Nbss was (110 )Nb//(1-10-1) αTi and [001]Nb//(12-3-1)αTi. Among the ( Nb,X)5Si3 phases , the contents o f Cr and Al in β(Nb,X)5Si3 are n earl y the same as those in γ(Nb,X)5Si3 but obviously hi gher than those in the α(Nb,X)5Si3, where as the content of Si in α(Nb,X)5Si3 is nearly the same a s that in γ(Nb,X)5Si3 but higher than that in the β(Nb,X)5Si3     

Effects of alloying and high-temperature heat treatment on the microstructure of Nb-Ti-Si based ultrahigh temperature alloys

The phase compositions,microstructure and especially phase interfaces in the as-cast and heat-treated Nb-Ti-Si based ultrahigh temperature alloys have been investigated.It is shown that β(Nb,X)5Si3 and...     

基于变换域形状描述子的图像检索方法的比较与分析

为了更好地了解变换域方法在图像检索中的检索效果,比较分析了Zernike矩、GFD、PCET、RCFT和RFMT等现有的5种基于变换域的形状描述方法.分别在不变性、计算复杂性、噪声鲁棒性、有效特征数的选取方面对其进行了深入的分析和比较.选用MPEG7 CE Shape-1Part B中的1 400幅图像构成的图像库对这些方法进行检索和性能测试,并实际应用于由500幅病例图构成的图像库的医学图像检索.在研究噪声影响时,对各测试集图片加上不同程度的高斯噪声.通过比较分析及实验结果验证,Zernike矩和GFD方法的检索性能最好,有良好的抗噪性,因而适合于医学图像检索的实际应用.     

分层网络频谱资源分配方案

提出一种频谱资源分配方案,以提升分层毫微微小区网络的期望吞吐量.该方案为每层下行传输分配部分共享频谱资源,在单个用户期望吞吐量满足服务质量需求时,通过动态调整共享频谱资源分配比例,能够最大化网络期望吞吐量.为进一步获得每层下行传输的期望吞吐量,基于Nakagami-m衰落信道推导了每层用户下行接收信干噪比的累积分布函数.理论分析和仿真表明,该频谱资源分配方案能够有效提升网络期望吞吐量,但服务质量需求参数的增长限制了吞吐量的提升.     

A novel lambda negative-resistance transistor in the 0.5 μm standard CMOS process

A novel negative-resistance transistor (NRT) with a Lambda shaped I-V characteristic is demonstrated in the 0.5 μm standard CMOS process. To save on the number of component devices, this device does not use standard device models provided by CMOS processes, but changes a MOSFET and a BJT into a single device by fabricating them in the same n-well, with a p-type base layer as the MOSFET’s substrate. The NRT has a low valley current of -6.82 nA and a very high peak-to-valley current ratio of 3591. The peak current of the device is -24.49 μA which is low enough to reduce the power consumption of the deivce, and the average value of its negative resistance is about 32 kΩ. Unlike most negative-resistance devices which have been fabricated on compound semiconductor substrates in recent years, this novel NRT is based on a silicon substrate, compatible with mainstream CMOS technology. Our NRT dramatically reduces the number of devices, minimizing the area of the chip, has a low power consumption and thus a further reduction in cost.     

非晶态Pt壳层Ni@Pt纳米粒子的甲醇电催化氧化动力学

通过连续两步化学还原法制备了非晶态金属壳层的Ni@Pt纳米粒子,并通过球差校正高分辨透射电镜、XRD、EDS及XPS对其微观结构及组成进行了表征。运用电化学方法研究了硫酸溶液中甲醇在该纳米粒子上的电化学反应动力学过程。结果表明:采用这种方法制备出了非晶态金属Pt包覆的Ni@Pt核壳型纳米粒子,平均粒径约为12nm,壳层厚度约为1～2nm;非晶态壳层Pt纳米粒子上的塔菲尔斜率最小值为0.075,比晶态纳米粒子的低;同时甲醇反应级数最大值可达到0.60,比晶态纳米粒子的高。这说明非晶态金属是高活性的甲醇电氧化催化剂。     

一种机床固定结合部的动力学参数化建模方法

在全面分析机床固定结合部动力学特性的影响因素（结合面接触长、宽、粗糙度和预紧力）基础上,根据正交试验理论设计了结合面动力学特性实验试件.利用机床固定结合部动力学建模及其参数识别理论,识别各种工况下试件的动力学模型参数.在对结合面动力学模型参数深入分析的基础上,利用曲面响应法,建立了机床固定结合部动力学参数化数学统计模型.实验验证了该模型的有效性,为数控机床整机动力学精确建模提供了理论基础.