希兰的知觉诠释学-现象学

知觉的诠释学-现象学是希兰科学哲学的核心内容。希兰用海德格尔生存论对胡塞尔现象学的改造,为知觉的现象学分析奠定了本体论基础。希兰知觉诠释学-现象学的基本内容包括:知觉的诠释学属性、知觉的现象学结构、知觉知识的必然性与多元性等。希兰的知觉诠释学属于多元的实在论。     

汽轮机汽封改造

文章通过对迷宫梳齿密封与王常春接触式蜂窝汽封的优缺点和工作原理进行了比较说明,介绍了王常春接触式蜂窝汽封在汽轮机组上的应用情况,以及进行汽封改造后所取得的效果.     

Temperature-scan cryocrystallography reveals reaction intermediates in bacteriophytochrome

Light is a fundamental signal that regulates important physiological processes such as development and circadian rhythm in living organisms. Phytochromes form a major family of photoreceptors responsible for red light perception in plants, fungi and bacteria. They undergo reversible photoconversion between red-absorbing (Pr) and far-red-absorbing (Pfr) states, thereby ultimately converting a light signal into a distinct biological signal that mediates subsequent cellular responses. Several structures of microbial phytochromes have been determined in their dark-adapted Pr or Pfr states. However, the structural nature of initial photochemical events has not been characterized by crystallography. Here we report the crystal structures of three intermediates in the photoreaction of Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteriophytochrome (PaBphP). We used cryotrapping crystallography to capture intermediates, and followed structural changes by scanning the temperature at which the photoreaction proceeded. Light-induced conformational changes in PaBphP originate in ring D of the biliverdin (BV) chromophore, and E-to-Z isomerization about the C(15) = C(16) double bond between rings C and D is the initial photochemical event. As the chromophore relaxes, the twist of the C(15) methine bridge about its two dihedral angles is reversed. Structural changes extend further to rings B and A, and to the surrounding protein regions. These data indicate that absorption of a photon by the Pfr state of PaBphP converts a light signal into a structural signal via twisting and untwisting of the methine bridges in the linear tetrapyrrole within the confined protein cavity.     

卫星搭载对冰草叶片显微结构的影响

卫星搭载冰草(Agropyron cristatum)干种子,返地后经种植,并对与对照有显著差异的冰草叶片进行显微结构观察.结果表明,卫星搭载对冰草叶片显微结构产生影响,在叶片长度、叶宽和叶厚方面均有所增加,上下表皮均有表皮毛,泡状细胞增多,角质层变薄.表明卫星搭载对植物叶片形态和结构产生明显的影响.     

关于乘法模的弱准素子模

讨论了乘法模的弱准素子模的性质.并证明了设R是具有单位元的交换环,M是酉R-模.(1)如果M是乘法模,N是M的弱准素子模,则√N是M的素子模;(2)设M是乘法模,L是M的子模,f:M-L是满同态.如果N是L的弱准素子模,则f-1(N)是M的弱准素子模.     

Retromer复合体通过吞噬受体CED-1调控凋亡细胞的清除

程序性细胞死亡（细胞凋亡）是一个对生物体的发育、组织的动态稳定至关重要的生物学过程。细胞凋亡的发生过程如下：在决定要凋亡的细胞内,一些死亡基因被启动,细胞被杀死,这称为凋亡的执行过程。随后,凋亡细胞被吞噬细胞识别并内吞;最终,凋亡细胞在吞噬细胞内被完全降解。凋亡细胞的吞噬和降解是细胞凋亡程序的重要环节,凋亡细胞的清除障碍会引起炎症疾病和免疫紊乱。在秀丽隐杆线虫中,吞噬受体CED-1对于吞噬细胞识别凋亡细胞起着关键作用。本研究发现细胞内的蛋白分选复合体retromer可以通过调控CED-1在细胞膜与细胞质之间的循环来参与凋亡细胞的清除过程。Retromer会被招募到吞噬小体的表面,介导CED-1从吞噬小体到细胞膜的回收过程。当retromer丧失功能时,CED-1会被运送到溶酶体降解,CED-1的这种减少造成了凋亡细胞的清除障碍。我们的工作揭示了retromer复合体参与凋亡细胞清除的这一新功能,并发现了吞噬受体的一种新的调控机制。     

香山科学会议第401—404次学术讨论会简述

2011年6月22日－9月1日,香山科学会议先后召开了主题为：“音乐声学”、“老龄健康影响因素与保障机制的综合交叉研究”、“空间引力波探测”、“物质科学综合极端条件”的第401-404次学术讨论会。     

Structural insight into brassinosteroid perception by BRI1

Brassinosteroids are essential phytohormones that have crucial roles in plant growth and development. Perception of brassinosteroids requires an active complex of BRASSINOSTEROID-INSENSITIVE 1 (BRI1) and BRI1-ASSOCIATED KINASE 1 (BAK1). Recognized by the extracellular leucine-rich repeat (LRR) domain of BRI1, brassinosteroids induce a phosphorylation-mediated cascade to regulate gene expression. Here we present the crystal structures of BRI1(LRR) in free and brassinolide-bound forms. BRI1(LRR) exists as a monomer in crystals and solution independent of brassinolide. It comprises a helical solenoid structure that accommodates a separate insertion domain at its concave surface. Sandwiched between them, brassinolide binds to a hydrophobicity-dominating surface groove on BRI1(LRR). Brassinolide recognition by BRI1(LRR) is through an induced-fit mechanism involving stabilization of two interdomain loops that creates a pronounced non-polar surface groove for the hormone binding. Together, our results define the molecular mechanisms by which BRI1 recognizes brassinosteroids and provide insight into brassinosteroid-induced BRI1 activation.     

蔗渣浆纤维模塑装饰建筑材料的制备与性能

以天然蔗渣浆纤维为原料,利用模塑热压工艺复合成形,得到物理性能优良的纤维模塑装饰建筑材料.借助拉伸性能测试、热重分析、FT-IR等研究了影响该材料力学性能的因素.研究表明:该材料的拉伸性能主要受增强剂和阻燃剂添加量,干燥温度、时间和压力的影响;随着阻燃剂添加量的增加,材料的拉伸性能明显降低;最佳干燥温度为160℃,干燥...     

The effect of nanohybrid materials on the pour-point and viscosity depressing of waxy crude oil

The pipeline transportation of waxy crude oil is a problem both at home and abroad.In this paper,a novel nanohybrid pour-point depressant (PPD) was used to decrease the pour point and viscosity of waxy crude oil.The pour point and apparent viscosity of waxy crude oil was decreased significantly upon addition of the nanohybrid PPD,and the long-term stability of the nanohybrid PPD was superior to that of a conventional ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer PPD.Polarized optical microscopy and X-ray diffraction were used to study the effect of the nanohybrid PPD on the crystallization of crude oil.Addition of the nanohybrid PPD reduced the amount of wax crystals,prevented their aggregation,and reduced the temperature at which the crude oil started to crystallize.The significant effect of this nanohybrid PPD on the pour point and viscosity depressing of crude oil is of great importance for facilitating the safe,efficient and energy-minimized transportation of waxy crude oil.