Biocompatibility studies of silk fibroin-based artificial nerve grafts in vitro and in vivo

Silk fibroin(SF)has been used extensively in the biomedical field including tissue engineering for the generation of artificial bones,skins or ligaments.We have previously reported on good in vitro biocompatibility of SF fibers with peripheral nerve tissues and cells.In the present study,we developed a novel design of the SF-based artificial nerve graft(SF graft)which was composed of a SF-nerve guidance conduit(NGC)inserted with SF fibers.MTT assay was performed to determine the cytotoxicity of the SF-NGC extract fluid on the cultured L929 cells derived from an immortalized mouse fibroblast cell line.In addition,this SF graft was implanted into adult rats for bridging a 10-mm long sciatic nerve defect.The following-up experiments at initial stage(1-4 week)of nerve regeneration including routine blood tests and histochemical investigation were conducted to evaluate the in vivo biocompatibility of the SF graft with peripheral nerves.The results demonstrated that the SF-NGC graft was biocompatible with the surrounding tissues and cells due to its low inflammatory potential with a grade 0 under the U.S.Pharmacopeia guidelines and it was generally suitable to a certain degree for bridging peripheral nerve defects in virtue of supporting Schwann cell adherence,expansion and migration.Therefore the SF graft is a promising alternative to classical autografts for peripheral nerve repair.     

O3/NaClO协同氧化－吸附处理雨水的试验研究

采用O_3/NaClO协同氧化_吸附法对校园屋面雨水处理进行了试验研究。考察了粉末活性炭投加量、吸附时间、搅拌速度以及初始pH对COD、氨氮、TP和浊度去除率的影响;并进行了吸附等温线及动力学模型拟合。试验结果表明:粉末活性炭的最佳投加量为50 mg/L,最佳吸附时间为60 min,最佳搅拌速度为200 r/min,最佳初始pH为7时COD,氨氮,TP和浊度的去除率分别达到了68.87%,81.90%,78.79%,78.50%。COD和氨氮的吸附等温线更符合Freundilch模型,TP吸附等温线更符合Langmuir模型,拟二级动力学模型能更好的描述粉末活性炭对雨水中COD,氨氮和TP的吸附过程,相关系数均接近于1。     

推力矢量控制在掠飞击顶弹道中的方案分析与优化

基于反坦克导弹总体设计方案,在导弹头部加入推力矢量控制装置,以实现导弹在弹道末端折转击顶.建立了推力矢量控制阵列模型,分析了推力矢量控制与飞行参数之间的关系,并基于离散二次规划法对推力矢量控制方案进行了优化. 结果表明,优化后的TVC方案避免了弹体抬头的现象发生,提高了导弹击顶时的落角,可降低对战斗部的指标要求.     

含有反转、删除或插入操作的部分排序基因组重组

Zheng等给出了一个只含有反转操作的部分排序基因组重组的算法.本文推广了这一结果,给出了允许有删除或插入操作的两个含有不同基因集合的部分排序基因组重组的算法.     

花键冷挤压成形过程凹模入口半角优化数值模拟

以花键挤压成形过程为研究对象,利用DEFORM-3D软件对花键的冷挤压成形过程进行模拟;以金属流动、变形程度、成形载荷和模具磨损等作为花键成形过程中的衡量指标,分别设定15°、20°、22.5°、25°和30°的不同凹模入口半角,模拟分析对花键冷挤压成形过程的影响。模拟结果表明,凹模入口半角为20°时,花键的整体成形质量最好。     

海绵城市中生物滞留沟对路基水分场分布影响

随着城市化进程的不断加快,海绵城市作为一种新型的低影响开发理念,逐渐成为城市建设的趋势。就重庆某海绵城市试验路段为背景,研究海绵城市生物滞留沟对路基水分场的分布问题。在强降雨情况下,采用数值试验模型分析防渗膜半包情况下生物滞留沟对路基水分场的分布;再结合现场原位试验,采用高密度电法测量降雨前后电阻率分布,分析路基雨水下渗的分布规律。综合分析试验结果表明:该种路基结构形式能够满足海绵城市的吸、蓄、渗、净等要求。分析雨水下渗至路基的整个过程,得到路基水分场的分布情况;其中防渗膜对于降低雨水在车行道侧路基水分的增加起到关键作用。     

农户环保型农药选购的影响因素及其效应研究

利用大样本调研数据,基于计划行为理论框架和结构方程模型,实证检验了农户环保型农药选购行为的影响因素及其效应。本文研究发现,农户环保型农药选购行为主要受到态度、主观规范、知觉行为控制和意向等因素影响,而这些因素可由农药杀虫效果、家庭成员期望、农药使用经验和零售商推荐等突显信念进一步解释;同时,农户还普遍存在环保型农药知识贫乏的问题。此外,农户环保型农药选购行为能否实现,不仅受到具有主动性选购意向的直接影响,更受到具有一定程度被动性的知觉行为控制的直接作用,而且后者效应大于前者效应。结论为完善现行农药使用治理制度提供了微观证据支撑。     

债务抵押契约模型市场重构与违约损失率分布

在违约损失率(LGD)是随机变量的假设下,应用推广的两因子高斯-Copula债务抵押契约(CDO)定价框架,通过极小化相对熵,讨论了利用市场公开报价数据进行系统违约因子和LGD分布的重构问题.计算结果验证了违约具有偏态性的特点.所建立的模型可看成是对高斯-Copula模型的修正.在计算该问题时,采用迭代方法,避免了处理非线性问题以及非光滑优化问题的求解困难.数值计算结果表明,算法是稳定和收敛的.     

A356.2铝合金生产过程中的设备管理效益

介绍了在当前铝加工行业较为困难的情况下,A356.2铝合金生产线的设备选型,提出了几种创造效益的新思路,论证了设备管理不再是狭义上的设备技术管理,而是更广义的生产力管理.设备管理需根据市场经济要求,不仅为生产服务,更要为提高企业的经济效益服务,为提高产品质量、降低能耗、控制污染、减少成本和占领市场服务.     

In vitro study of poly(ethylene carbonate) as a drug-eluting stent coating

An in vitro feasibility study of the use of poly(ethylene carbonate) (PEC) as a biodegradable coating material for drug-eluting stents is reported, and the performance of PEC is compared with that of poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of PEC and PLGA discs after treatment with an alkaline KO2 solution as a superoxide source showed that the PEC maintained its integrity whereas holes and small particles appeared during the treatment of PLGA. Sirolimus and paclitaxel were loaded into PEC and PLGA in order to study drug release performance. Attenuated total reflectance–infrared (ATR– FTIR) spectroscopy of sirolimus, PEC and the sirolimus-loaded PEC coating showed that no chemical reaction occurred between sirolimus and PEC. The results of atomic force microscopy (AFM) revealed that the mean roughness (Ra) values of the bare metal stent (BMS) and the drugeluting stent (DES) were 2.3 nm and 1.0 nm, respectively. After balloon expansion experiments, no delamination or destruction of the PEC coating was observed. The drug release profile of sirolimus was different from that of paclitaxel when PEC was employed as the drug carrier, and the release curves of sirolimus were different when PEC and PLGA were used as drug carriers. All the experimental results demonstrated that PEC was one of the best potential stent-coating materials.