全文获取类型
收费全文 | 77117篇 |
免费 | 2341篇 |
国内免费 | 3712篇 |
专业分类
系统科学 | 3115篇 |
丛书文集 | 2652篇 |
教育与普及 | 2770篇 |
理论与方法论 | 311篇 |
现状及发展 | 419篇 |
研究方法 | 216篇 |
综合类 | 73668篇 |
自然研究 | 19篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 366篇 |
2023年 | 951篇 |
2022年 | 1534篇 |
2021年 | 1611篇 |
2020年 | 1111篇 |
2019年 | 507篇 |
2018年 | 770篇 |
2017年 | 1038篇 |
2016年 | 1036篇 |
2015年 | 2087篇 |
2014年 | 2769篇 |
2013年 | 2707篇 |
2012年 | 3008篇 |
2011年 | 3357篇 |
2010年 | 3266篇 |
2009年 | 3674篇 |
2008年 | 4087篇 |
2007年 | 3943篇 |
2006年 | 3087篇 |
2005年 | 2928篇 |
2004年 | 2111篇 |
2003年 | 1779篇 |
2002年 | 1794篇 |
2001年 | 1896篇 |
2000年 | 2146篇 |
1999年 | 3660篇 |
1998年 | 3380篇 |
1997年 | 3455篇 |
1996年 | 3179篇 |
1995年 | 2759篇 |
1994年 | 2463篇 |
1993年 | 2129篇 |
1992年 | 1849篇 |
1991年 | 1712篇 |
1990年 | 1428篇 |
1989年 | 1284篇 |
1988年 | 1086篇 |
1987年 | 673篇 |
1986年 | 352篇 |
1985年 | 119篇 |
1984年 | 25篇 |
1983年 | 12篇 |
1982年 | 4篇 |
1981年 | 6篇 |
1980年 | 6篇 |
1973年 | 3篇 |
1971年 | 2篇 |
1970年 | 2篇 |
1968年 | 3篇 |
1955年 | 7篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
991.
In this paper, we introduce the multisymplectic structure of the nonlinear wave equation, and prove that the classical five-point scheme for the equation is multisymplectic. Numerical simulations of this multisymplectic scheme on highly oscillatory waves of the nonlinear Klein-Gordon equation and the collisions between kink and anti-kink solitons of the sine-Gordon equation are also provided. The multisymplectic schemes do not need to discrete PDEs in the space first as the symplectic schemes do and preserve not only the geometric structure of the PDEs accurately, but also their first integrals approximately such as the energy, the momentum and so on. Thus the multisymplectic schemes have better numerical stability and long-time numerical behavior than the energy-conserving scheme and the symplectic scheme. 相似文献
992.
To ensure reliable land vehicle positioning, the Global Positioning System (GPS) is one of the best techniques commonly used in present-day positioning systems. However, GPS signals are not available if line of sight with the satellites is lost. In this respect, the addition of the Dead Reckoning (DR) method to complement the GPS unit would enhance the reliability of land vehicle positioning system. For implementing the DR method, the magnetic sensor and accelerometer are used for obtaining heading and velocity or distance information. Calibration of two sensors' dynamic model and DR algorithm are also introduced in this paper. The test result utilizing the GPS and DR methods is analyzed in this paper. It utilize spositioning information from GPS receiver when GPSsignal is available, otherwise DR is started to compensate GPS outage with the GPS output as the original point. The results showed that the error in east and north produced by the DR algorithm for a short time interval can be limitedwithin an acceptable range. 相似文献
993.
This paper introduces the in-car navigation system prototype development and test results under the context of Singapore. In the system, integrated GPS/DR is used for continuous vehicle positioning. A digital road network map database is built for the whole Singapore. The database is designed to support map matching, route determination, and route guidance functions. The prototype system demonstrates GPS positioning of the vehicle in real-time, tracking the vehicle onto a digital map with fix updates every one or two seconds.With the map matched vehicle location on the map, voice and/or text guidance is provide to the driver. The vehicle position can also be transferred to control centre through communication data link for the purpose of fleet management. 相似文献
994.
This paper presents a study on species diversity and its ecological service function in the plateau area in western Sichuan. The results show that species diversity in the plantations on the cutover land has a tendency to increase and that its ecological service function is to be improved with stand age growing. The species diversity in forest communities is also gradually increased on different succession stage till reaching a climax level. But the species diversity in the climax community is slightly decreased before it reaches a relatively constant status. Ecological service function of diversity is gradually strengthened with the progress of succession. In addition, species diversity in a stand in a similar site and at a same age differs among forest types. Species diversity index within a coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest is larger than that within a coniferous forest. Meanwhile, species diversity enriches as the tree density increases. 相似文献
995.
Highways in mountainous areas are easy to be damaged by such natural disasters as debris flows and landslides and disaster reduction decision support system (DRDSS) is one of the important means to mitigate these disasters. Guided by the theories and technologies of debris flow and landslide reduction and supported by geographical information system (GIS), remote sensing and database techniques, a DRDSS against debris flow and landslide along highways in mountainous areas has been established on the basis of such principles as pertinence, systematicness, effectiveness, easy to use, open and expandability. The system consists of database, disaster analysis models and decisions on reduction of debris flows and landslides, mainly functioning to zone disaster dangerous degree, analyze debris flow activity,simulate debris flow deposition and diffusion, analyze landslide stability, select optimal highway renovation scheme and plan disaster prevention and control ergineering. This system has been applied successfully to the debris flow and landslide treatment works along Palongzangbu Section of Sichuan-Tibet Highway. 相似文献
996.
Pang Xin-an Wang Qing-fengf Gituru W. Robert Liu Hong Yang Xiao-lin Liu Xing 《武汉大学学报:自然科学英文版》2003,8(2):455-458
Isoetes sinensis Palmer (Isoetaceae) is an aquatic or amphibious plant that is critically endangered in China. Previous studies have revealed
the crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM)-like photosynthetic pathway occurs commonly in submerged leaves in genusIsoetes. Water chemistry parameters and the titratable acidity content of the plant extract were measured from samples obtained in
the early morning (7∶00) and late afternoon (15∶00) from twoI. sinensis populations in China. One population occurs in the eulittoral zone of a freshwater tidal river at low elevation (134 m) and
another occurs in a densely vegetated, high elevation (1 100 m) alpine shallow pool. Significant differences in pH and titratable
acidity of the plant extract were detected between the morning and afternoon samples. These changes are associated with diurnal
changes in water chemistry. Our results provide the first evidence for the existence of the CAM pathway in the East Asian
endemicIsoetes sinensis Palmer. The magnitude of fluctuations in the titratable acidity of the plant extract may be correlated with the severe carbon
limitation imposed on the plants by its aquatic habitat.
Foundation item: Supported by the State Key Basic Research and Development Plan (G2000046805)
Biography:Pang Xin-an (1974-), male, Master candidate, research direction: conservation biology. 相似文献
997.
Seven novel solid complexes of the first-row transitional metal with L-α-histidine were synthesized, and their compositions were determined. The constant-volume combustion energies of the complexes were measured by a precision rotation bomb calorimeter. The standard molar enthalpies of combustion and the standard molar enthalpies of formation were calculated. The results indicated that the plots of the standard enthalpies of formation against the atomic number of the metal show a regularity of zigzag. 相似文献
998.
本文介绍了评论式系统思考 (CST)以及全面系统干预 (TSI)的基本思想 ,将CST和TSI引入战略方法论的研究 ,从系统的视角为战略研究方法论的综合集成与创新开辟了一条新的思路。 相似文献
999.
Design and application of 60mer oligonucleotide microarray in SARS coronavirus detection 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
SHI Rong MA Wenli WU Qinghua ZHANG Bao SONG Yanbin GUO Qiuye XIAO Weiwei WANG Yan & ZHENG Wenling . Institute of Molecular Biology First Military Medical University Guangzhou China . Department of Medical Research Guangzhou Liu Hua Qiao Hospital Guangzhou China Correspondence should be addressed to Ma Wenli 《科学通报(英文版)》2003,48(12):1165-1169
In April 2003, a novel coronavirus[1,2] which was associated with cases of Severe Acute Respiratory Syn-drome (SARS) was first isolated and sequenced in Canada. The genome of SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV) is 29727[3] nucleotides in length and has 11 known open reading frames (ORFs). Although the genome organiza-tion of this virus is similar to that of other coronaviruses, phylogenetic analyses and sequence alignment show that SARS-CoV is not closely related to any of the previously ch… 相似文献
1000.
Holocene lake deposits of Bosten Lake, southern Xinjiang, China 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
B.Wünnemann 《科学通报(英文版)》2003,48(14):1429-1432
A 9.25-m-long sediment core from Bosten Lake,Xinjiang, provides detailed information about changes in the water budget and biological acticity over the last 8400 cal-endar years. The chronology is constructed from six AMS radiocarbon dates on the terrestrial plant remains. Based onanalyses of TOC, CO3, detrital compounds and biogenic SiO2,lake level fluctuations and periods of remarkably-negative water budget appeared at 8.4-8.2 cal ka, 7.38-7.25 cal ka,5.7-5.5 cal ka, 3.7-3.4 cal ka and 3.3-2.9 cal ka, respec-tively. As they are in-phase with low lake levels at Sumxl Co and Bangong Co in western Tibet Plateau and with paleo-lakes in Inner Mongolia, a climate-induced change to some-what drier and warmer conditions is inferred. A further drop in lake level after 1320 AD of about 200 yr duration may heattributed to a negative water balance prior to the main phase of the Little Ice Age. Deep and stable lake phases of 1500 yr and 1800 yr duration at 7.2-5.7 cal ka and 5.5-3.7cal ka coincide with maximum moisture during the Holocene Megathermai in China. The long term trend towards aridity since about 4.3 cal ka can dearly be recognised. The reduced water budget of Bosten Lake from 640-1200 AD may be attributed to local effects. 相似文献