Measurements of leucocyte membrane elasticity based on the optical tweezers

A 1-μm in diameter polystyrene bead coated with lectin is trapped by optical tweezers whics is formed by a focused laser beam (740nm).A leucocyte adhered to the bottom of sample cell is chosen to close to the trapped bead.When their stable combination is confirmed,the leucocyte is displaced by moving the sample stage.A“tether”is then formed between the trapped bead and the membrane.The force acting on the tether is measured by a detector equipped on the optical tweezers system.The deformation of the membrane is diverse in different contact conditions.When the contact area is small,the tether is very thin and the force on it is 7.4pN(10^-12N),while the tether is much thicker under a larger contact area and its corresponding force is about 14pN.It is presumed that the latter is related to the deformation of cytoskeleton.     

Real time observation of the photocleavage of single DNA molecules

A method for real time observation of photo-cleavage of stratched λDNA at single molecular level by a fluorescent microscope coupled with CCD is developed.DNA molecules stained with YOYO-1 are stretched by the mo-lecular combing technique and fixed on a modified slide.Then the Process of Photocleavage and relaxation of DNA under radiation of blue light is observed.We speculate that the conformation change of stretched DNA and the effect of water are likely to facilitate the effect of YOYO photocleav-age DNA molecules.The photocleavage effect of YOYO for stretched DNA may be useful to study DNA elasticity,cancer research as well as the interaction between DNA and dyes.     

Efficient expression of human factor Ⅸ cDNA in liver mediated by hydrodynamics-based plasmid administration

The transfection of plasmid DNA into mammalian cells is an indispensable tool in the study of gene transfer and gene function. Since the original report in 1990 on the successful expression of a reporter gene in muscle[1], plasmid DNA injection has been widely used to mediate gene transfer study. As a gene transfer vector, naked DNA has many obvious advantages. It is easy and cheap to be prepared and more safe after transfection. But the plasmid mediated gene expression is low because of t…     

A complete sequence and comparative analysis of a SARS-associated virus(Isolate BJ01)

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) is a newly identified infectious disease[1—5]. The global outbreak of SARS has been threatening the health of people worldwide and has killed 353 people and infected more than 5462 in 27 countries, as reported by WHO on April 29, 2003 (http://www.who.int/csr/sarscountry/en). Although it has been recognized that a variant of virus from the family of coronavirus might be the candidate pathogen of SARS[1—5], its identity as the unique pathogen sti…     

A new species of Gobiconodon （Triconodonta, Mammalia） and its implication for the age of Jehol Biota

A new species of Gobiconodon is found from the Yixian Formation of western Liaonlng, China. The new taxa,G zofiae sp. nov., has a confluent opening for branches Ⅱand Ⅲ of the trigeminal nerve on the anterior lamina of the petrosal. G zofiae sp. nov. is similar to Repenomamus in having an ossified Meckel‘s cartilage connecting the lower jaws and ear region. The new species, with enlarged I^1/I1, posteriorly located infraorbital foramen and four mental foramina,distinctly differs from the other species of Gobiconodon. The new material indicates that Gobiconodon has four, not five,upper molariforms. The presence of Gobiconodon in Jchol Biota makes it possible to correlate Jehol Biota with faunas in eastern Asia and North America, and suggests the age of the Yixian Formation to be Early Cretaceous.     

在工科数学教学中加强数学应用意识教学的思考

阐述了加强数学应用意识教学的重要性,教师是加强数学应用意识教学的关键,加强数学应用意识教学应该适当增加数学实验与数学建模内容,在数学教学中加强对人的发展作用。     

Implementation of the finite deformation plastic theory-Tensor derivative and metal forging simulation

It has been shown that the traditional small deformation plasticity can be transplanted to the finite deformation plasticity by using the logarithmic strain measure only. In this way, the mathematical problem of how to find the derivative of a tensor function arises. In this paper, a general method for finding the derivative of a tensor function is proposed. Several metal forging examples are given.During the calculation, the mesh regeneration is not even invoked.     

混响声场中语音识别方法研究

免提式话筒语音识别系统是语音识别走向实用的目标之一．实现这一系统，首先要解决房间效应引起的混响问题．通过讨论室内混响声场中语音的特点，提出用鲁棒性特征参数——滤波规整的Mel频率倒谱参数(FNMFCC，即MFCC参数在对数功率谱域进行低通滤波，倒谱域进行均值减，并用标准差加权进行非线性规整，采用这3种措施来消除混响引起的语音参数的变化．识别方法用矢量量化法，用4组无混响数码语音进行训练，对特定人无混响和4种混响声场中共150组数码音的平均识别率达到98．7％．提出的这一新方法在不降低无混响音识别率的情况下，提高了混响声场的语音识别率．该方法不仅识别率高，而且运算量小、所需内存空间小。易于做成小型实用的快速识别系统．     

空气水两相段塞流的跟踪模拟及试验研究

分析了前人提出的段塞跟踪模拟方法的优缺点 ,根据液塞头部的加速压降和入口液塞长度分布特征对段塞跟踪模型进行了改进。采用面向对象技术 ,实现了水平和倾斜管道段塞流的跟踪模拟 ,并与多相流试验环道的空气水试验数据进行了对比。模拟结果表明 ,当不考虑加速压降时 ,用跟踪模型预测的压降低于实测值 ;当考虑加速压降时 ,用跟踪模型预测的压降高于实测值。在管道上固定位置测出的压力信号符合正态分布 ,管道上某一固定点处液塞头部和尾部的速度分布也符合正态分布。当不考虑气泡尾波作用时 ,液塞长度沿管线增长较慢 ,分布形状无变化 ;但是考虑气泡尾波作用时 ,在入口附近液塞长度平均值增长较快 ,统计分布沿管轴向呈对数正态分布。     

水力压裂中多裂缝间相互干扰力学分析

将复变函数理论与位错理论相结合 ,在考虑了裂缝表面有流体压力作用且裂缝间存在相互干扰的情况下 ,建立了无限大介质中裂尖应力强度因子的数学模型 ,利用该模型可对水力压裂中多裂缝间的相互干扰进行力学分析。假设裂缝沿着垂直于局部最大周向拉应力方向扩展 ,应用数值方法对所建立的数学模型求解 ,得到裂尖的应力强度因子及转角。数值计算结果表明 ,裂缝间存在相互干扰时所产生的剪切应力强度因子远远小于法向应力强度因子。当两个裂缝尖端垂向距离为零时 ,法向应力强度因子达到最大值。两个裂缝尖端没交叠之前裂缝基本沿着轴线扩展 ;当尖端交叠面积较小时 ,两裂尖偏离自己的轴线向避开对方的方向扩展 ;当尖端交叠面积较大时 ,两裂缝向靠拢对方的方向扩展 ,最终将贯通在一起