以活动为中心的软件过程建模及其作用的研究

从分析以活动为中心的软件过程的特点以及活动之间的规则、关系和分类出发,抓住了过程活动的特点与度量活动的难点.通过实例研究将以活动为中心的软件过程模型特点应用到软件过程度量中,通过活动图抓住度量关键域,并分析了两种方法具体结合对企业实际项目开发过程中的过程度量与改进的意义,不仅简化了软件过程度量,同时避免了过程度量的盲目性.     

叠合板式剪力墙的有限元分析

文章对叠合混凝土墙板进行较为系统的分析研究,设计了4个叠合板式剪力墙和2个普通剪力墙模型,并进行了在低周反复荷载下的对比试验.在试验研究基础上,采用ANSYS有限元分析程序,对叠合板式剪力墙在单向加载下的性能作了非线性分析,从理论计算角度进一步了解其在水平荷载作用下的开裂、变形及破坏全过程,有限元分析与试验结果符合较好.     

Ni_(100-x)P_x合金的X射线谱学研究

利用X射线吸收精细结构(XAFS)和X射线衍射(XRD)研究了化学还原法制备的不同磷含量的Ni_(100-x)P_x合金的原子和电子结构.结果表明,当x=10时,磷元素的掺入导致了NiP样品中fcc结构的镍晶格扭曲和膨胀,Ni-Ni第一近邻配位的键长约增加0.03 A.随着磷含量的增加,膨胀和扭曲加剧,当x达到14左右时,样品的fcc-Ni晶格被完全破坏,从而形成非晶态NiP合金.X射线吸收近边结构(XANES)的结果表明,低磷含量(x≤10)时NiP样品的电子结构没有明显的变化,随着磷含量的增加,Ni4p态的分布变得宽化和越来越弥散.而当x达到26时,有大量电荷从Ni原子转移到P原子.     

移动Ad hoc网络路由维护方式与控制信息开销

在移动Ad hoc网络中,节点的移动通常会导致通信链路的断开.为降低断路对通信质量的影响,保存备用路由是有效的方案之一.但维护备用路由同时也增加了其控制信息开销,占用一定的带宽并消耗有限的能源.分析了几种路由备份的方式,以仿真比较其控制信息开销,并给出其适用范围.     

微生物絮凝剂产生菌分离选育及提取鉴定

用常规的细菌分离纯化方法从土壤、河湖、活性污泥中分离出752支菌株,以发酵液对高岭土悬浮液絮凝效果为指标,筛选出1株絮凝剂产生高效菌,研究了该菌最佳生长条件;进行了实际废水试验,探讨了絮凝效果的影响因素;确定了提取工艺的操作条件,并对微生物絮凝剂粗提物的性质、组成进行了分析。     

唇鱼骨基因组DNA提取与ISSR-PCR的优化

以唇鱼骨为材料,分别采用4种不同方法(CTAB法、SDS法、ROSE法及试剂盒)提取基因组DNA,并对影响PCR反应的模板DNA、引物、dNTPs、Mg2+、Taq酶浓度等主要因子进行了优化,建立了适合唇鱼骨基因组DNA的ISSR-PCR反应体系.25μL的PCR反应液含有的组分和终浓度分别为:约60 ng模板DNA,1.2 U Taq酶,0.4 μrnol/L引物,2.0 mmol/L MgCl2,0.2 mmol/L dNTPs,2%甲酰胺.结果表明,利用优化反应体系对4种不同方法提取的DNA进行PCR扩增,均能得到较好的PCR扩增条带,以试剂盒法最佳,为淡水溪流性同属鱼类遗传多样性分析奠定了技术基础.     

基于混合求解算法的智能组卷研究

智能组卷是一个多约束目标的组合优化问题,针对传统算法在组卷方面存在的不足,将遗传算法和模拟退火算法相结合,提出了一种混合求解算法.新算法不仅克服了未成熟收敛,而且速度和性能都有显著提高.实验结果表明,新算法提高了组卷效率.     

Zebrafish miR-214 modulates Hedgehog signaling to specify muscle cell fate

Numerous microRNAs (miRNAs) have been discovered in the genomes of higher eukaryotes, and functional studies indicate that they are important during development. However, little is known concerning the function of individual miRNAs. We approached this problem in zebrafish by combining identification of miRNA expression, functional analyses and experimental validation of potential targets. We show that miR-214 is expressed during early segmentation stages in somites and that varying its expression alters the expression of genes regulated by Hedgehog signaling. Inhibition of miR-214 results in a reduction or loss of slow-muscle cell types. We show that su(fu) mRNA, encoding a negative regulator of Hedgehog signaling, is targeted by miR-214. Through regulation of su(fu), miR-214 enables precise specification of muscle cell types by sharpening cellular responses to Hedgehog.     

Loss of ACTN3 gene function alters mouse muscle metabolism and shows evidence of positive selection in humans

More than a billion humans worldwide are predicted to be completely deficient in the fast skeletal muscle fiber protein alpha-actinin-3 owing to homozygosity for a premature stop codon polymorphism, R577X, in the ACTN3 gene. The R577X polymorphism is associated with elite athlete status and human muscle performance, suggesting that alpha-actinin-3 deficiency influences the function of fast muscle fibers. Here we show that loss of alpha-actinin-3 expression in a knockout mouse model results in a shift in muscle metabolism toward the more efficient aerobic pathway and an increase in intrinsic endurance performance. In addition, we demonstrate that the genomic region surrounding the 577X null allele shows low levels of genetic variation and recombination in individuals of European and East Asian descent, consistent with strong, recent positive selection. We propose that the 577X allele has been positively selected in some human populations owing to its effect on skeletal muscle metabolism.     

Low-altitude small-sized object detection using lightweight feature-enhanced convolutional neural network

Unauthorized operations referred to as "black flights" of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) pose a significant danger to public safety, and existing low-attitude ...