Effect of diboron trioxide on the crushing strength and smelting mechanism of high-chromium vanadium-titanium magnetite pellets

The effect of diboron trioxide (B₂O₃) on the crushing strength and smelting mechanism of high-chromium vanadium-titanium magnetite pellets was investigated in this work. The main characterization methods were X-ray fluorescence, inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy, mercury injection porosimetry, X-ray diffraction, metallographic microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy-energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The results showed that the crushing strength increased greatly with increasing B₂O₃ content and that the increase in crushing strength was strongly correlated with a decrease in porosity, the formation of liquid phases, and the growth and recrystallization consolidation of hematite crystalline grains. The smelting properties were measured under simulated blast furnace conditions; the results showed that the smelting properties within a certain B₂O₃ content range were improved and optimized except in the softening stage. The valuable element B was easily transformed to the slag, and this phenomenon became increasingly evident with increasing B₂O₃ content. The formation of Ti(C,N) was mostly avoided, and the slag and melted iron were separated well during smelting with the addition of B₂O₃. The size increase of the melted iron was consistent with the gradual optimization of the dripping characteristics with increasing B₂O₃ content.     

Microstructure evolution and mechanical properties of a large-sized ingot of Mg-9Gd-3Y-1.5Zn-0.5Zr (wt%) alloy after a lower-temperature homogenization treatment

In this paper, a large-sized ingot of Mg-9Gd-3Y-1.5Zn-0.5Zr (wt%) alloy with a diameter of 600 mm was successfully prepared by the semi-continuous casting method. The alloy was subsequently annealed at a relatively low temperature of 430℃ for 12 h as a homogenization treatment. The microstructure and room-temperature mechanical properties of the alloy were investigated systematically. The results show that the as-cast alloy contained a mass of discontinuous lamellar-shaped 18R long-period stacking ordered (LPSO) phases with a composition of Mg₁₀ZnY and an α-Mg matrix, along with net-shaped Mg₅(Y,Gd) eutectic compounds at the grain boundaries. Most of the eutectic compounds dissolved after the homogenization treatment. Moreover, the amount and dimensions of the lamellar-shaped LPSO phase obviously increased after the homogenization treatment. The structure of the phase transformed into 14H-type LPSO with composition Mg₁₂Zn(Y,Gd). The mechanical properties of the heat-treated large-sized alloy ingot are uniform. The ultimate tensile strength (UTS) and tensile yield strength (TYS) of the alloy reached 207.2 MPa and 134.8 MPa, respectively, and the elongation was 3.4%. The high performances of the large-sized alloy ingot after the homogenization treatment is attributed to the strengthening of the α-Mg solid solution and to the plentiful LPSO phase distributed over the α-Mg matrix.     

Investigation of the deterioration of passive films in H<Subscript>2</Subscript>S-containing solutions

The effect of H₂S on the corrosion behavior of 316L stainless steel was investigated using electrochemical methods by changing the gas condition from CO₂ to H₂S and then back to CO₂. The presence of H₂S showed an acceleration effect on the corrosion of 316L stainless steel in comparison with CO₂. The acceleration effect remained even after the complete removal of H₂S by CO₂, indicating that the passive film was irreversibly damaged. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis indicated that the passive film was composed of Cr₂O₃, Fe₂O₃, and FeS₂ after being immersed in H₂S-containing solutions. The semiconducting property of the passive film was then investigated by using the Mott-Schottky approach. The presence of sulfides resulted in higher acceptor and donor densities and thus was responsible for the deterioration of passive films.     

水蛭的酶解及其产物抗凝血活性评价

以水蛭为原料,研究不同酶解因素(酶种类、酶用量、酶解时间、pH值、酶解温度、底物浓度)对水蛭酶解产物抗凝血活性的影响规律,优化水蛭的酶解技术参数,并对酶解产物进行活性评价;研究结果表明,优化后的酶解技术条件为,适宜的水解酶为胰蛋白酶,酶用量7000 U/g,酶解时间7 h,酶解pH 8.3,酶解温度50℃,底物浓度14%(w/w)。在该条件下得到的酶解产物抗凝血酶活性最高,达到640 U/g。     

基于饱和度的多尺度雾天降质图像质量增强算法研究

传统图像质量增强算法只适于薄雾状态下的降质图像,对浓雾状态下图像质量的增强效果较差。为此,提出一种新的基于饱和度的多尺度雾天降质图像质量增强算法,通过混合灰度转换函数子带分解多尺度Retinex算法挑选高、中、低三个尺度,结合雾天降质图像整体阴影区域和高光部分的细节,依次完成对雾天降质图像各个频段的质量增强,获取各个频段的质量增强结果。把获取结果与原图像共同视为一个图像集合,通过图像融合技术完成对所有图像的权重图分配操作,提高增强后图像质量。实验结果表明,所提算法能够有效增强雾天降质图像质量,主观客观评价结果均较优。     

黑龙江省农村学校体育特点分析

由于受应试教育的影响，重智轻体的现象极为严重，加之教育经费短缺．体育教学条件简陋，致使农村学校体育工作的开展受到严重影响。本文就黑龙江省农村学校体育工作状况进行了分析，并为改变目前农村学校体育落后面貌提出了几点建议。     

湖南衡阳地区紫色页岩土壤动物群落多样性研究

2001～2002年间，对湖南衡阳地区的祁东、衡南、常宁3地紫色页岩母岩或母质的土壤动物进行了实地调查．在调查地区共获得各类土壤动物3936头，隶属于5门12纲39目143科209属253种，并定性、定量分析了该地区土壤动物群落结构组成、分布特点和季节变化．研究表明：紫色页岩土壤动物群落与肥沃地区土壤动物群落有很大差异，其土壤动物的优势类群为矛线目和蜱螨目．各生境的多样性指数H、优势度指数C和均匀度指数E也被分析．各生境群落间相似性系数很小．植被类型、土壤有机质含量是影响土壤动物群落结构的主要生态因子．各种分析显示，甲螨类和矛线虫类是紫色页岩土基形成的主要“拓荒者”．     

Na8[CoCdW11O39（H2O）]的合成、表征及扩渗Er的性能研究

首次合成了Na8[CoCdW11O39（H2O）]·12H2O,并利用稀土元素铒通过固一气界面反应对合成配合物进行稀土铒的扩渗．通过IR、XRD等手段对扩渗前后配合物的结构进行了表征,结果证明标题配合物为Keggin结构,扩渗后Keggin结构被破坏．经ICP和XPS测试表明,微量的Er渗入到杂多配合物的体相,并与化合物组成元素间存在键合作用．室温下采用四电极法对扩渗前后试样进行了导电性能的测定,扩渗后试样的导电率提高了2．0×10^4倍,且热稳定范围变宽,有望成为有实用价值的导电材料．     

Tribological behaviors of some polymeric materials in sea water

Ocean tribology, a new research field of tribology, is being established and developing. The investigation on the tribology in sea water has important significance to ocean exploitation. In this paper, the tribological behaviors of UHMWPE, PTFE as well as Ekonol/PTFE, graphite/PTFE and CF/PTFE sliding against GCr15 steel and Ni-Cr-WC alloy in sea water were investigated, and compared with those in pure water. Results show that the main factors that affect the tribological behaviors of five polymeric materials in sea water are the corrosive effect and lubricating effect of sea water. When polymeric materials sliding against GCr15 in sea water, owing to serious corrosion of counterface by sea water, the surface roughness of the counterface increases largely. As a result, the lubricating effect of medium decreases sharply and the plowing effect of counterface increases greatly. So the friction coefficients and wear rates of five materials sliding against GCr15 in sea water are much larger than those under other conditions. Such wear model, depending on the corrosion of counterface by medium, can be called indirect corrosive wear. Under other three conditions, owing to the more superior lubricating effect of sea water than pure water and the better wettability of Ni-Cr-WC than GCr15, the friction coefficients and wear rates of five materials increase in the following order： sliding against Ni-Cr-WC in sea water 〈 sliding against Ni-Cr-WC in pure water 〈 sliding against GCr15 in pure water. Moreover, compared with other materials, CF/PTFE is the one with more superior plowing and wear resistance in pure and sea water, which is a potential frictional material well suitable for pure and sea water lubrication.     

导数在提取植物叶片锯齿特征上的应用

运用计算机图像处理和分析技术对植物叶片图像进行图像预处理并提取叶片的轮廓,通过分析轮廓曲线中离散像素点的导数值,获取叶形的犄角点,从而提取锯齿,为基于叶片外观特征的植物分类提供辅助.