TFT-LCD液晶材料焚烧产物及反应过程分析

以TFT-LCD液晶为实验材料,研究了其焚烧失重特征,分析其焚烧产物并对其过程进行推测。结果表明,由多种单体化合物组成的TFT-LCD液晶材料焚烧反应过程主要发生在150～380℃,该过程导致约90%液晶损失;在焚烧过程中液晶材料首先发生分解反应,分解产物生成的先后顺序取决于其单体化合物的主要化学键键能大小;分解过程产生的烃类自由基和芳香族自由基极不稳定,前者进一步分解生成C原子更少的丙烯等烃类,后者会因高温进一步分解乃至脱F,同时自由基团之间重组发生再合成反应;液晶焚烧产生由多种芳香族化合物组成的混合物,焚烧温度高易生成PAHs和HF。TFT-LCD焚烧产物绝大多数是有毒有害物质,不宜进行焚烧处理。     

并行埋地管道准周期土壤温度场的数值模拟

并行埋地管道中,常温输送的成品油管道会影响热原油管道的温度场,从而与单根输油管道的温度场不同.热油管道周围土壤温度场是管道停输再启动和管道运行的基础,只有准确掌握管道周围土壤温度场的变化规律,才能使管道安全运行,避免凝管事故发生.为了研究并行管道周围土壤温度场在准周期内的变化规律,以西部原油成品油管道四堡进站位置为例,在实测管道周围土壤物性的基础上,采用非结构化有限容积法对并行埋地管道周围土壤温度场进行模拟研究.模拟计算结果与现场实测结果基本吻合,表明提出的计算模型正确,计算结果能够为工程实际提供参考.     

An overview of resistive random access memory devices

With recent progress in material science, resistive random access memory (RRAM) devices have attracted interest for nonvolatile, low-power, nondestructive readout, and high-density memories. Relevant performance parameters of RRAM devices include operating voltage, operation speed, resistance ratio, endurance, retention time, device yield, and multilevel storage. Numerous resistive-switching mechanisms, such as conductive filament, space-charge-limited conduction, trap charging and discharging, Schottky Emission, and Pool-Frenkel emission, have been proposed to explain the resistive switching of RRAM devices. In addition to a discussion of these mechanisms, the effects of electrode materials, doped oxide materials, and different configuration devices on the resistive-switching characteristics in nonvolatile memory applications, are reviewed. Finally, suggestions for future research, as well as the challenges awaiting RRAM devices, are given.     

Evaluating the reliability of microsatellite genotyping from low-quality DNA templates with a polynomial distribution model

Molecular studies using trace DNA, such as from museum specimens, ancient or forensic samples and samples obtained noninvasively, often have a common problem of low quality of DNA templates. Amplification errors, such as allelic dropout and false allele, may arise during polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using such samples. A mathematical model which treats homozygotes and heterozygotes discriminately has been developed to measure sample quality and compute the confidence level of using multipletube approaches. We use plucked hair samples collected from 26 individual Sichuan snub-nosed monkeys (Rhinopithecus roxel- lana) to test the model. In this case, a confidence level of 99% can be achieved by three positive PCRs. If the sample quality is very poor and requires many PCR replicates, an alternative multiplestep genotyping method is recommended. This model enables researchers to optimize experimental protocols through pilot studies and obtain reliable genetic information using noninvasive sampling method.     

Coral reef ecosystems in the South China Sea as a source of atmospheric CO<Subscript>2</Subscript> in summer

Field measurements of air-sea CO2 exchange in three coral reef areas of the South China Sea (i.e. the Yongshu Reef atoll of the Nansha Islands, southern South China Sea (SCS); Yongxing Island of Xisha Islands, north-central SCS; and Luhuitou Fringing Reef in Sanya of Hainan Island, northern SCS) during the summers of 2008 and 2009 revealed that both air and surface seawater partial pressures of CO2 (pCO2) showed regular diurnal cycles. Minimum values occurred in the evening and maximum values in the morning. Air pCO2 in each of the three study areas showed small diurnal variations, while large diurnal variations were ob-served in seawater pCO2. The diurnal variation amplitude of seawater pCO2 was ~70 μmol mol–1 at the Yongshu Reef lagoon, 420–619 μmol mol–1 on the Yongxing Island reef flat, and 264–579 μmol mol–1 on the reef flat of the Luhuitou Fringing Reef, and 324–492 μmol mol–1 in an adjacent area just outside of this fringing reef. With respect to spatial relations, there were large differences in air-sea CO2 flux across the South China Sea (e.g. ~0.4 mmol CO2 m–2 d–1 at Yongshu Reef, ~4.7 mmol CO2 m–2 d–1 at Yongxing Island, and ~9.8 mmol CO2 m–2 d–1 at Luhuitou Fringing Reef). However, these positive values suggest that coral reef ecosystems of the SCS may be a net source of CO2 to the atmosphere. Additional analyses indicated that diurnal variations of surface seawater pCO2 in the shallow water reef flat are controlled mainly by biological metabolic processes, while those of deeper water lagoons and outer reef areas are regulated by both biological metabolism and hydrodynamic factors. Unlike the open ocean, inorganic metabolism plays a significant role in influencing seawater pCO2 variations in coral reef ecosystems.     

Sufficient and necessary conditions of separability for bipartite pure states in infinite-dimensional systems

The PHC criterion and the realignment criterion for pure states in infinite-dimensional bipartite quantum systems are given. Furthermore, several equivalent conditions for pure states to be separable are generalized to infinite-dimensional systems.     

插装阀组集成控制液压系统瞬时失效机理解析

为从理论上揭示插装阀组集成控制液压系统瞬时失效的原因,以混凝土泵液压系统为例,提出了基于流体逻辑理论的插装阀组启闭状态组合的解析方法,并运用混凝土泵液压系统的数字化模型验证其有效性.研究结果表明,当负载处于一定范围时,个别插装阀的不当开启会导致不同插装阀的容腔短暂串通,造成液压系统的瞬时失效,而增加插装阀控制腔压力可以...     

变压器设计原则的探讨

变压器是指用来改变交流电压大小的一种电气设备。它是根据电磁感应的设计原理,把某一等级交流的电压变换成另一等级交流的电压,从而满足不同负荷的需要。变压器不论在工作还是在生活中都有非常重要的作用,而且越来越得到广泛的应用和推广。其安全可靠性也是变压器发展的最大瓶颈,因此变压器在电力系统、供用电系统等各大系统中都占有举足轻重的作用。文章就变压器的设计原则、原理特点进行一定的探讨。     

Evidence for a spin-aligned neutron-proton paired phase from the level structure of (92)Pd

Shell structure and magic numbers in atomic nuclei were generally explained by pioneering work that introduced a strong spin-orbit interaction to the nuclear shell model potential. However, knowledge of nuclear forces and the mechanisms governing the structure of nuclei, in particular far from stability, is still incomplete. In nuclei with equal neutron and proton numbers (N = Z), enhanced correlations arise between neutrons and protons (two distinct types of fermions) that occupy orbitals with the same quantum numbers. Such correlations have been predicted to favour an unusual type of nuclear superfluidity, termed isoscalar neutron-proton pairing, in addition to normal isovector pairing. Despite many experimental efforts, these predictions have not been confirmed. Here we report the experimental observation of excited states in the N = Z = 46 nucleus (92)Pd. Gamma rays emitted following the (58)Ni((36)Ar,2n)(92)Pd fusion-evaporation reaction were identified using a combination of state-of-the-art high-resolution γ-ray, charged-particle and neutron detector systems. Our results reveal evidence for a spin-aligned, isoscalar neutron-proton coupling scheme, different from the previous prediction. We suggest that this coupling scheme replaces normal superfluidity (characterized by seniority coupling) in the ground and low-lying excited states of the heaviest N = Z nuclei. Such strong, isoscalar neutron-proton correlations would have a considerable impact on the nuclear level structure and possibly influence the dynamics of rapid proton capture in stellar nucleosynthesis.     

抗蛔虫人源单链抗体库的构建及鉴定

目的:构建抗蛔虫人源单链抗体库,从中筛选建抗蛔虫人源特异性单链抗体.方法:分离10个患蛔虫病人的淋巴细胞,提取总RNA反转录为cDNA,PCR扩增人抗体重链(VH)和轻链(VL)可变区基因,采用SOE-PCR法将VH和VL片段随机拼接成scFv片段,并克隆入噬菌粒载体pCANTAB5E中,构建噬菌体单链抗体库.结果:初...