信息时代网络舆情与政府治理研究

随着信息时代的到来,我国突发事件呈现出日益增多、矛盾突出、危害性大、复杂多变等发展趋势,不仅造成社会经济、人民生命财产的重大损失,而且极大地危害到社会的稳定与发展。由突发事件所产生的网络舆情是把"双刃剑",既能推动社会进步,启发民智,增进民主参与,也能产生错误导向,混淆视听,扰乱社会秩序。如何客观地评价网络舆情的影响,如何从观念、制度、管理等方面采取有效措施治理不当行为,既能扩大公众通过网络有序参与公共事件,又能规避其消极作用,建立政民有效沟通的舆论平台,构建网络和谐舆情,都具有重要的现实意义。     

可变窗自适应核主元分析的化工过程故障诊断算法

针对核主元分析法(KPCA)处理非线性时变化工过程故障诊断易产生误报的问题,提出一种基于可变窗技术的快速自适应核主元分析(AKPCA)故障诊断算法.该算法在过程监控中当大量的数据块来临时,分别对KPCA模型进行迭代更新和复旧处理,通过计算SPE和T2统计量来调节滑动窗的尺寸,从而实现KPCA模型的进一步更新,克服了传统的自适应KPCA方法只能够处理某个时刻的一个观察点数据的缺点,能够有效地排除异常样本影响,从而提高时变过程性能检测的准确性.将该方法应用于酮苯脱蜡过程的监控中.与KPCA、滑动窗KPCA(MWKP-CA)的监测性能进行比较,仿真结果表明该方法能够很好地降低过程故障的误报率,对非线性时变的化工过程具有更可靠的检测性能.     

葡萄糖为碳源的EBPR长期运行效果及聚磷菌的富集培养

研究了连续运行364 d以葡萄糖为碳源的强化生物除磷(EBPR)系统,比较了3个不同运行阶段典型周期的运行状况,考察了厌氧段聚磷菌(PAOs)对有机底物的贮存转化,运用FISH技术分析了系统菌群结构变化.结果表明:随着运行时间的增加PAOs富集程度增高,第180天后反应器最高厌氧释磷量达到80 mg/L,出水磷浓度小于1 mg/L,以葡萄糖为碳源的EBPR系统可以长期高效稳定运行;与第1和第2阶段相比,第3阶段典型周期效果最佳,其厌氧释磷量达到79 mg/L,PO34--P去除率达到97.2%;葡萄糖先被发酵细菌分解为挥发性脂肪酸(VFA),PAOs吸收VFA合成聚羟基脂肪酸酯(PHA);荧光原位杂交技术分析发现,PAOs比例不断升高,第340天时比例为45.5%,说明以葡萄糖为碳源的EBPR系统可以富集高浓度的PAOs.     

闽南语族群成人城市汉族体型研究

探讨闽南语族群成人城市汉族的体型特征.应用Heath-Carter人体测量法对福建省闽南地区城市汉族成人20～80周岁,总计313例(男149人,女164人)进行了体型评定,并与我国其他城市汉族族群进行比较.闽南语族群成人城市汉族男性的平均体型值为5.5-4.4-1.9;女性的平均体型值为6.1-3.9-1.7.闽南语族群成人城市汉族男性和女性的体型均属于偏中胚层的内胚层体型;随年龄增长,男、女体型值呈相同变化:内因子值和中因子值均先上升后下降,外因子值先下降后上升;闽南语族群成人城市汉族性别间存在的差异具有统计学意义;与国内其他城市汉族族群比较,闽南语族群成人城市汉族男性体型与陕西汉族比较接近,女性体型与安徽汉族比较接近.     

低流动度强黏结性印尼炼焦煤的配用技术研究

针对印尼煤配用较困难的问题,对印尼煤、田庄1/3焦煤等单种煤的煤质和成焦显微结构进行分析,提出5种配煤方案,对配合煤工艺性质和成焦质量进行比较。结果表明,印尼煤的挥发分大于28%,G值和Y值较高,流动度低,膨胀度高,煤质非常特殊;印尼煤的开始软化温度和成焦粗粒镶嵌结构含量较高,煤质更接近于焦煤;印尼煤可少量替代优质焦煤,但需要合理控制配合煤的流动度和膨胀度。     

钛酸铋系光催化剂研究进展

钛酸铋系光催化剂在降解水环境中有机污染物方面具有良好的可见光催化活性,本文介绍了Bi4Ti3O12、Bi12TiO20、Bi20TiO32、Bi2Ti2O7光催化剂的研究动态和主要成果,并对钛酸铋系光催化剂的发展趋势进行了展望.     

《光纤通信》实验教学的优化探讨

为了培养学生的实践和动手能力,达到和理论课相辅相成的效果,根据实际教学经验及现有光纤通信实验基础,文章强调学生实验素质的培养,从做好基础实验、坚持系统实验、增设综合性、创新性实验和仿真实验等方面对优化光纤通信实验课程的教学方法、实验内容、考核方式等问题进行了探讨,为该实验教学的改革提供了有益的借鉴。     

Construction of Streptomyces lydicus A01 transformant with the chit33 gene from Trichoderma harzianum CECT2413 and its biocontrol effect on Fusaria

Streptomyces lydicus A01 resists many plant pathogens (including Fusarium spp.) by producing the antifungal agent natamycin, which binds to the ergosterol of fungal cell membranes and inhibits the growth of pathogens. Trichoderma harzianum CECT2413 is a widely-distributed soil fungus that antagonizes several plant fungal pathogens (including Fusarium spp.) by producing chi-tinase and degrading chitin, a major component of the fungal cell wall. This study attempted to enhance the biocontrol effect of S. lydicus A01 on Fusarium spp. by transforming the chitinase gene of Trichoderma. Chitinase and natamycin could act synergisti-cally on both the cell walls and cell membranes of pathogens. The 33-kD chitinase-encoding gene (chit33) was cloned and conju-gal-transformed from T. harzianum CECT2413 to S. lydicus A01, and then confirmed via polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays. Subsequent analyses using the 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid (DNS) method and ultraviolet spectrophotometry showed that compared with its wild type strain (WT), the S. lydicus A01 conjugal transformant (CT) with chit33 gene exhibited substantially higher chi-tinase activity and natamycin production. The resistance of S. lydicus A01-chit33 CT and WT to four Fusaria in crops and vegetables was tested via the cup-plate method. Compared with the WT, the conjugal transformant of S. lydicus A01 with chit33 gene from T. harzianum CECT2413 showed greatly increased biocontrol effect on fusarium disease. This study would be beneficial to the development of high-quality antifungal bio-agents for agricultural applications via the synergy between the previously non-existent and pre-existing functions achieved through heterogeneous gene transformation.     

Centromere inactivation in a dicentric rice chromosome during sexual reproduction

T0135 is a variant selected from the progeny of a rice line telotrisomic for the short arm of chromosome 11 （2n＋IIS＇）. Fluores- cent in situ hybridization （FISH） results indicated that T0135 contained two telocentric chromosomes, which have two centro- mere-specific molecular markers （5S rDNA） for chromosome 11; thus T0135 is a newly-described rice chromosome variant with two dicentric chromosomes, named 22＋11L-＋11L＇＋I IS.11S-＋I 1S-11S. （22 represents the 22 chromosomes excluding chromo- some 11 in the rice genome, ＂-＂ represents the centromere）. To investigate the genetic stability of the rice dicentric chromosomes during sexual reproduction, we observed the chromosome types in the progeny. Ninety-four percent of the progeny had the same chromosome type as the parental line. This result indicates that the dicentric chromosomes are mostly stable during mitosis and meiosis. Immunofluorescence analysis for centromere specific histone H3 （CENH3） revealed that only one centromere is active and the other centromere is inactivated in the rice dicentric chromosomes.     

Protease-activated quantum dot probes based on fluorescence resonance energy transfer

A novel sensing system based on fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) between CdTe quantum dots (QDs) and Rhoda-mine B (RB) was established for the detection of matrix metalloproteinases (MMOL/LPs). In this system, 535-nm-emitting quantum dots (QDs) were bound to Rhodamine B (RB) via a MMOL/LP-specific peptide. A 76% reduction in luminescence was achieved because of FRET. Release of RBs by peptide cleavage restores radiative QD photoluminescence. Initial studies observed a 73% rise in luminescence over 60 min. The design platform of the nanosensor is flexible and can be fine-tuned for a wide array of applications such as the detection of biomarkers, early diagnosis of disease, and monitoring therapeutic efficacy simply by changing the sequence of the peptide linker.