AUTO-QUAL-SS水质模式的不确定性分析

本文采用Monte Carlo仿真技术,对AUTO-QUAL-SS模式用于黄浦江水质研究时的不确定性问题,作一些初步的分析讨论。确定了影响模式不确定性的重要因素以及较重要的水质指标DO浓度的不确定性程度。其方法和结论可供水质模式工作者和决策分析人员参考。     

Banach空间积-微分方程整体解的存在性

利用上下解的单调迭代方法,采用适当的迭代程序,在较弱的条件下,获得了Banach空间积-微分方程初值问题整体解的存在性结果.     

The induction of secondary seed dormancy by oxygen deficiency in a barnyard grassEchinochloa crus-galli

At 25°C, secondary dormancy was induced in seeds ofE. crus-galli exposed for 100 days to oxygen deficiency. By contrast, hypoxia did not induce dormancy at 15°C or prevent dormancy termination at 7°C. Secondary dormancy was terminated after 2 months stratification at 7°C. Oxygen deficiency may increase the proportion of dormant seeds in the soil, and affect the dynamics of the barnyard-grass soil seed bank.We thank Miss Jitka Králová for her excellent technical assistance.     

基于梯度加权类激活热力图的卷积神经网络故障诊断模型鲁棒性分析

深度学习近年来在故障诊断领域受到广泛应用,但基于深度学习的故障诊断模型缺乏工程上的物理解释性,难以保证其故障诊断结果的稳定性。以轴承为例,建立了以小波时频图像为故障诊断依据的卷积神经网络模型(convolutional neural network, CNN),提出了一种基于梯度加权类激活热力图(gradient-weighted class activation map, Grad-CAM)的网络模型鲁棒性分析方法,并利用美国凯斯西储大学(Case Western Reserve University, CWRU)轴承数据集进行验证。首先,将故障直径轴承数据以不同方式混合并训练大、小多个模型。其次,利用Grad-CAM方法,建立时频区域与故障模式之间的联系。最后,利用其他工况下的轴承故障数据,以及含噪数据进行测试,并根据结果结合模型最注重的时频区域进行分析。结果表明,基于深度学习的轴承故障诊断模型在参数较少时更加注重低频区域,并能使其具有更好的鲁棒性。     

适用于中小跨径桥梁频率识别的移动检测车辆参数研究

为了实现对大规模中小跨径桥梁群体的快速检测,提出了一种参数可调的移动检测车辆,并通过理论推导、试验验证和参数分析对车辆参数的合理取值进行研究. 首先,通过车-桥耦合振动理论推导出“拖车-双挂车”过桥振动响应的解析解;其次,利用有限元模型和车桥耦合计算程序的数值计算结果,以及一座简支梁桥的现场试验结果对理论解析解进行验证;最后,基于推导的理论解析解进行参数研究,分析了检测车辆的动力参数、车速以及桥梁参数对间接法识别精度的影响. 结果表明：当车桥频率比在0.8~0.9（或1.1~1.2）之间变化时,桥梁频率识别效果较好;在利用间接法进行桥梁频率识别时,建议移动检测车辆的车速不宜取太大;根据桥梁的截面面积、截面形状和跨度对检测车辆参数进行合理的选取,可提高桥梁频率识别的准确性. 研究结果可为基于车辆响应的桥梁频率间接识别提供参考.     

关于双重数学归纳法

本文首先指出使用双重数学归纳法的一些技巧,然后提出一种“对和归纳”的新方法,文章对所举诸例的证明,皆比引文中相应的证明大为简捷.     

Molecular evidence for increased hematopoietic proliferation in the spleen of the b/b laboratory rat

The splenomegaly and the appearance of a significant number of CFU-E (erythroid colony-forming units) and BFU-E¹ (erythroid burst-forming units) in the Belgrade laboratory rat (b/b) spleen prompted us to analyse further the molecular evidence for increased hematopoietic proliferation in the b/b spleen. Messenger RNAs (mRNAs) specific for globins, proteins for iron transport and deposition and the band 3 protein were used in rat erythropoietic tissues as markers for proliferation and erythroid differentiation. In the b/b spleen, all mRNAs analysed display an erythroid-specific pattern of expression. This analysis also revealed an enhanced level of mRNA for ferritin in the +/b spleen, whereas erythrocyte-specific mRNA production was normal.     

Migration of lymphoid cells to the bone marrow of rat following eradication of cells in DNA synthesis and in mitosis

Summary Eradication of replicating bone marrow cells of rat by means of combined administration of single doses of hydroxyurea and vinblastin is followed within 9–10 h by an inflow of lymphoid cells of extramedullary origin in the range of 13,200,000/femur. The rat bone marrow with a high content of lymphoid cells was previously shown to be concentrated in stem cells. The factor(s) which convey the information of decrease of replicating marrow cells to extramedullary sites is at present unknown.Acknowledgment. This study was supported by a grant from the Chief Scientist Office, Ministry of Health, Israel.Hydroxyurea for this investigation was given as a gift by the Squibb Institute of Medical Research, Princeton, N.J. USA, to which the authors are indebted.     

Experimental desquamation of intestinal epithelium for in vivo studies of regeneration

Summary Complete removal of villous as well as upper-crypt epithelium was achieved in vivo by vibration of an intestinal segment using tetraphenylboron sodium (TPB) as a disassociation agent.Acknowledgments. The authors thank Hicol Industrieterrein De Bosschen for supplying TPB. Research was supported by MR-II 1.3.14.p.2 grant.