Die Wirkung des Toluidinblaus und der Thrombokinase auf den Vorgang der Thrombininaktivierung

Summary The disappearance of thrombin—formed in the blood, or added to serum-follows a manomolecular reaction-type. Heparin increases the reaction-velocity of this thrombin-inactivating process.Our investigation established that toluidine blue or kinase, which, according to the literature, bind heparin, strongly reduce the speed of thrombin-inactivation too. Therefore the heparin-binding capacity of these substances is also manifested in the decrease of thrombin-inactivation.     

Substances thioloprives

Sans résumé     

取代芳烃化合物电子结构与其对发光菌毒性关系的研究

应用量子化学半经验的MNDO方法计算了40个取代芳烃化合物的电子结构,探讨了化合物电子结构与其对发光菌毒性的关系．结果表明：(1)当化合物的分子极化度P、分子体积V、疏水参数logP较大时具有较大的水溶性和脂溶性,因而化合物的毒性较大;(2)当最高占据轨道(HOMO)能级和最低空轨道(LUMO)能级较低时,化合物容易接受电子具有较大的氧化性,取代芳烃的毒性也随之增大;(3)取代基的吸电子能力越强,吸电子基个数越多,苯环的正电性越大,化合物的毒性越大．得到的QSAR方程为：-logEC50=-2．230 O．202P-0．366EHOMO,据此可预测取代芳烃化合物对发光细菌的毒性．     

Protégé文本标注工具在药物知识表示中的应用及其比较

通过对药物基本信息的特征分析,使用Protégé软件构建药物本体,分别使用基于Protégé-Frames和Protégé-OWL的文本标注工具Knowtator和iAnnotate对临床药物指南文档进行标注,以达到药物基本信息的结构化,同时比较分析了两个标注工具在生物医学信息学应用中的差异.     

海螺沟地质公园低碳旅游开发模式探讨

在全球性气候变暖的背景下,冰川消融已成为人类面临的重大环境问题。海螺沟冰川是我国典型的季风海洋性冰川,也是世界范围内最完整的山岳冰川,具有高度的观赏性和科研性。据观察,近百年来该冰川表现出持续消融的状态,保护已迫在眉睫。从规模、结构及分布3个方面论述了海螺沟冰川的地质特征,并探讨了冰川的形成和物质平衡的条件。根据温度、海拔以及表面覆盖物质成份3项对冰川消融起主要作用的因子,针对海螺沟冰川消融的严峻现状和冰川地质遗迹开发和保护具体情况,提出低碳旅游产品开发方案与保护建议。     

基于TAC方法分析离子液体萃取催化乙酸甲酯和丁醇转酯反应

基于年总成本（TAC）分析方法，对离子液体萃取催化乙酸甲酯和丁醇转酯反应的工艺流程进行了模拟。以年总成本最低为目标，探索了经济最优时的精馏塔压力、精馏塔塔板数和进料位置。结果表明，当反应精馏塔的压力为80.8kPa、塔板数为37、丁醇和乙酸甲酯分别从第10块和第35块塔板进料时，年总成本最低。采用新设计工艺可节约成本24.4%，而甲醇和乙酸丁酯的产品纯度仍然保持在97.4%和99.6%以上，为实际反应工艺的节能优化提供了有价值的理论依据。     

黄酒麦曲中一株产细菌素菌株的鉴定及其降生物胺功效研究

从黄酒麦曲中分离筛选出菌株M28,经鉴定为戊糖片球菌(Pediococcus pentosaceus),该菌能够产生细菌素,对黄酒中产生物胺的腐生葡萄球菌(Staphylococcus saprophyticus)、阪崎肠杆菌(Cronobacter sakazakii)、乳酪短杆菌(Brevibacterium casei)、芽孢杆菌(Bacillus)和阴沟肠杆菌(Enterobacter cloacae)具有抑制作用。菌株M28自生发酵不产生物胺,黄酒发酵过程中,添加强化M28菌株,可以显著降低黄酒中的生物胺的含量,而对黄酒的风味品质影响不明显,该菌株可作为降生物胺功能菌株在黄酒酿造中应用。     

On-chip natural assembly of silicon photonic bandgap crystals.

Photonic bandgap crystals can reflect light for any direction of propagation in specific wavelength ranges. This property, which can be used to confine, manipulate and guide photons, should allow the creation of all-optical integrated circuits. To achieve this goal, conventional semiconductor nanofabrication techniques have been adapted to make photonic crystals. A potentially simpler and cheaper approach for creating three-dimensional periodic structures is the natural assembly of colloidal microspheres. However, this approach yields irregular, polycrystalline photonic crystals that are difficult to incorporate into a device. More importantly, it leads to many structural defects that can destroy the photonic bandgap. Here we show that by assembling a thin layer of colloidal spheres on a silicon substrate, we can obtain planar, single-crystalline silicon photonic crystals that have defect densities sufficiently low that the bandgap survives. As expected from theory, we observe unity reflectance in two crystalline directions of our photonic crystals around a wavelength of 1.3 micrometres. We also show that additional fabrication steps, intentional doping and patterning, can be performed, so demonstrating the potential for specific device applications.     

鄂尔多斯盆地NL油田延9流动单元研究

从国内外流动单元研究现状出发,结合研究区实际的岩心、地质、测井和生产动态资料,根据流动带指标和岩性-物性划分法划分流动单元.研究中遵循单井、剖面到平面的思路,开展了流动单元特征参数优选、取心井流动单元分析、非取心井的流动单元划分工作.运用动态资料验证流动单元划分的合理性,进行了流动单元剖面、平面特征研究及流动单元生产能力分析.研究表明,所选用的渗透率、孔隙度和流动层带指标IFZ3个参数可满足本区流动单元划分要求,研究区延9储层流动单元可划分为Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ类.     

Programmable and autonomous computing machine made of biomolecules.

Devices that convert information from one form into another according to a definite procedure are known as automata. One such hypothetical device is the universal Turing machine, which stimulated work leading to the development of modern computers. The Turing machine and its special cases, including finite automata, operate by scanning a data tape, whose striking analogy to information-encoding biopolymers inspired several designs for molecular DNA computers. Laboratory-scale computing using DNA and human-assisted protocols has been demonstrated, but the realization of computing devices operating autonomously on the molecular scale remains rare. Here we describe a programmable finite automaton comprising DNA and DNA-manipulating enzymes that solves computational problems autonomously. The automaton's hardware consists of a restriction nuclease and ligase, the software and input are encoded by double-stranded DNA, and programming amounts to choosing appropriate software molecules. Upon mixing solutions containing these components, the automaton processes the input molecule via a cascade of restriction, hybridization and ligation cycles, producing a detectable output molecule that encodes the automaton's final state, and thus the computational result. In our implementation 1012 automata sharing the same software run independently and in parallel on inputs (which could, in principle, be distinct) in 120 microl solution at room temperature at a combined rate of 109 transitions per second with a transition fidelity greater than 99.8%, consuming less than 10-10 W.